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Ting Cui Ling Xu Feng Ding Ahmed Alsaedi Tasawar Hayat 《International Journal of Adaptive Control and Signal Processing》2020,34(11):1658-1676
Parameter estimation plays an important role in the field of system control. This article is concerned with the parameter estimation methods for multivariable systems in the state-space form. For the sake of solving the identification complexity caused by a large number of parameters in multivariable systems, we decompose the original multivariable system into some subsystems containing fewer parameters and study identification algorithms to estimate the parameters of each subsystem. By taking the maximum likelihood criterion function as the fitness function of the differential evolution algorithm, we present a maximum likelihood-based differential evolution (ML-DE) algorithm for parameter estimation. To improve the parameter estimation accuracy, we introduce the adaptive mutation factor and the adaptive crossover factor into the ML-DE algorithm and propose a maximum likelihood-based adaptive differential evolution algorithm. The simulation study indicates the efficiency of the proposed algorithms. 相似文献
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Herein, the assessment of commercial beef and chicken bouillons in terms of heterocyclic aromatic amines (HAAs) and some of their precursors was evaluated. Creatine and creatinine levels were ranged between 0.57–0.80 and 0.28–0.94 mg g−1, respectively. Glutamic acid was found to be the most abundant amino acid in both bouillons. 2-amino-3,7,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-ƒ]quinoxaline (7,8-DiMeIQx, up to 0.03 ng g−1) was the only quantified analyte in beef bouillons, whereas it (up to 0.08 ng g−1) was determined in addition to 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-ƒ]quinoxaline (IQx, up to 0.08 ng g−1) in chicken bouillons. Creatine, creatinine and free amino acid composition did not have the capacity to initiate the formation of HAAs. Therefore, bouillons do not pose risk in terms of HAAs. However, it should be noted that multiple factors, such as the substrate amount and production conditions, may affect the results. Glutamic acid content is remarkable in commercial bouillons sold in Turkey. 相似文献
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A study is presented of the symptoms of the devices in a slice of PNP power transistors with a poor yield. The failure modes over the slice are analysed. In specific areas the electrical characteristics and optical appearance of the devices were studied and failure statistics are presented. The low yield is ascribed to cracks in the phosphosilicate glass used for the base diffusion. The effect of these cracks is just visible in the optical and scanning electron microscope. 相似文献
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Fatih Porikli 《Journal of Real-Time Image Processing》2006,1(1):33-40
In this survey, we present a brief analysis of single camera object detection and tracking methods. We also give a comparison of their computational complexities. These methods are designed to accurately perform under difficult conditions such as erratic motion, drastic illumination change, and noise contamination. 相似文献
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Hayat M.M. Sakoglu U. Oh-Hyun Kwon Shuling Wang Campbell J.C. Saleh B.E.A. Teich M.C. 《Quantum Electronics, IEEE Journal of》2003,39(1):179-185
The recurrence theory for the breakdown probability in avalanche photodiodes (APDs) is generalized to heterostructure APDs that may have multiple multiplication layers. The generalization addresses layer-boundary effects such as the initial energy of injected carriers as well as the layer-dependent profile of the dead space in the multiplication region. Reducing the width of the multiplication layer serves to both downshift and sharpen the breakdown probability curve as a function of the applied reverse-bias voltage. In structures where the injected carriers have an initial energy that is comparable to the ionization threshold energy, the transition from linear mode to Geiger-mode is more abrupt than in structures in which such initial energy is negligible. The theory is applied to two recently fabricated Al/sub 0.6/Ga/sub 0.4/As-GaAs heterostructure APDs and to other homostructure thin GaAs APDs and the predictions of the breakdown-voltage thresholds are verified. 相似文献
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Alam Ashraful Hariyanto Bambang Ullah Hayat Salin Krishna R. Datta Avishek 《SILICON》2021,13(9):3153-3162
Silicon - Silicon (Si) plays an important role in mitigating adverse effects of various biotic and abiotic stresses including drought. Polyhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of... 相似文献
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In this paper, we present a novel business network construction approach, where the nodes of the network correspond to the names of the companies in a particular stock market index, and its links show the co-occurrence of two company names in daily news. Our approach consists of two phases, in which search for the company names in the news articles and network construction operations are performed, respectively. To increase the quality of results, each article is classified as business news or not business news before these operations, and only the articles that are classified as business news are considered for network construction. The resulting network presents a visualization of the business events and company relationships during the corresponding time period. We study both co-occurrences as well as single occurrences of company names in the articles scanned in our analysis. 相似文献
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The use of electrochemically synthesized polyindole (PIN) film was investigated for protective coating on 304-stainless steel (SS). Polyindole was deposited via anodic oxidation of the corresponding monomer, indole in acetonitrile (ACN) solution containing LiClO4. It provided an adherent and stable coating on SS. The corrosion performance of coated and uncoated SS was investigated in 3.5% NaCl solution using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), anodic polarization curves and open-circuit potential–time (Eocp–t) diagrams. These tests demonstrated that PIN coating provided important barrier effect to SS for important immersion times in aggressive medium. 相似文献