Benchmark simulation Model no 2 in Matlab-simulink: towards plant-wide WWTP control strategy evaluation.

In this paper, implementation of the Benchmark Simulation Model No 2 (BSM2) within Matlab-Simulink is presented. The BSM2 is developed for plant-wide WWTP control strategy evaluation on a long-term basis. It consists of a pre-treatment process, an activated sludge process and sludge treatment processes. Extended evaluation criteria are proposed for plant-wide control strategy assessment. Default open-loop and closed-loop strategies are also proposed to be used as references with which to compare other control strategies. Simulations indicate that the BM2 is an appropriate tool for plant-wide control strategy evaluation.     

The Nexus of Corporate Entrepreneurship and Radical Innovation

This paper explores the linkage between the entrepreneurial orientation of established firms and the development of radical innovation. Through five case studies in firms involved in radical innovation, three propositions are developed, suggesting that proactiveness, risk‐taking and autonomy stimulate the development of radical innovation, whereas competitive aggressiveness does not necessarily do so, as radical innovations are directed towards the creation of entirely new arenas of business, where existing competitors are not present.     

Strain hardening due to deformation twinning in α-titanium: Mechanisms

Novel experiments were conducted to elucidate the effect of deformation twinning on the mechanical response of high-purity α-titanium deformed at room temperature. Orientation-imaging microscopy (OIM), microhardness, and nanohardness evaluations were employed in conjunction with optical microscopy and quasi-static compression testing to obtain insight into the deformation mechanisms. Hardness measurements revealed that the newly formed deformation twins were harder than the matrix. This observation is perhaps the first experimental evidence for the Basinski mechanism for hardening associated with twinning, arising from the transition of glissile dislocations to a sessile configuration upon the lattice reorientation by twinning shear. This work also provided direct evidence for two competing effects of deformation twinning on the overall stress-strain response: (1) hardening via both a reduction of the effective slip length (Hall-Petch effect) and an increase in the hardness of twinned regions (Basinski mechanism) and (2) softening due to the lattice reorientation of the twinned regions.     

Recent-onset ecstasy use: Association with deviant behaviors and psychiatric comorbidity.

Background: Despite increases in ecstasy (MDMA) use in the United States, little is known about characteristics linked with recent-onset ecstasy use, especially psychiatric symptoms and deviant behaviors. Aims: To test whether individuals with high levels of other drug use are more likely to be recent-onset ecstasy users; to test whether psychiatric symptoms in adults are associated with recent-onset ecstasy use; to explore the association between recent-onset ecstasy use and concomitant deviant behaviors in adolescents and adults. Methods: Data from the 2001 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Findings: Recent-onset ecstasy use was significantly more likely to occur among adolescents and adults (18-34 years old) who engaged in deviant behaviors during the past year as compared with those who did not engage in deviant behaviors during the past year. Higher levels of deviancy indicated a higher likelihood of being a recent-onset ecstasy user, and associations were strongest with nonviolent deviant behaviors such as selling illegal drugs and stealing. Associations between deviant behaviors and recent-onset ecstasy use were similar in strength to associations between deviant behaviors and recent-onset cocaine and marijuana use, respectively. Adults who had past-year psychiatric symptoms (both depressive and panic symptoms) were twice as likely to be recent-onset ecstasy users as compared with those without past-year psychiatric symptoms. Greater levels of drug involvement increased the odds of being a recent-onset ecstasy user. Conclusion: Recent-onset ecstasy use seems to be associated with a range of other behavioral problems and may reflect one aspect of a larger problem behavior syndrome. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

On the problem of hydrogen removal during heat treatment of large forgings

The solutions to a differential equation for the problem of heating of a cylinder in a medium with a fixed temperature are used to obtain equations for estimating the change in the hydrogen concentration in forgings from data on the hydrogen concentration at the cylinder axis or on the average bulk hydrogen concentration. Similar equations are also obtained for forgings having square cross sections. The calculation demonstrates that, for the case of a twofold decrease in the hydrogen concentration in a forging, the calculated times of annealing of a cylindrical forging differ by three times.     

Membrane separation of indigenous noroviruses from sewage sludge and treated wastewater.

In this study, feasibility of membrane separation for the removal of indigenous noroviruses (NVs) is evaluated. The indigenous NV gene was never detected from ultrafiltration (UF) permeates of sewage sludge and treated wastewater. Indigenous NV gene was also not detected from permeates of sewage sludge and treated wastewater by microfiltration (MF) with a pore size of 0.1 microm (MF0.1). Even though the pore size of MF (0.1 microm) was much larger than the diameter of virus particle (approximately 30-40nm), more than 4-log10 reduction value (LRV) at maximum was achieved by membrane separation with MF0.1. NV genes were often detected from permeates of sewage sludge and treated wastewater by MF with a pore size of 0.45 microm (MF0.45), although the maximum log10 reduction values were more than 3.59 for sewage sludge and more than 2.90 for treated wastewater. It is important to verify factors determining the removal efficiency of viruses with MF membranes.     

8e6科技走校园路线--校园网行为管理解决方案最受青睐

8e6科技公司近日发布的一项校园网安全状况和网络行为管理调查报告显示:目前校园网关注的主要问题是安全威胁和网络带宽浪费。校园网络遇到的安全问题主要集中在防病毒和网络行为管理上,为此,网络行为管理解决方案成为改善校园网安全和应用状况的优选解决方案。大部分受访人表示,他们很愿意采用网络行为管理解决方案,用以解决目前遇到的网络行为管理问题。而选择网络行为管理解决方案时,他们比较关心的是设备的稳定性、安全性和性价比,通过网络行为管理解决方案来分析、记录网络行为以及阻断不当的上网行为,提高网络的安全性和网络带宽利用…     

Influence of the second phase on the room-temperature tensile and creep deformation mechanisms of α-β titanium alloys: Part I. Tensile deformation

The effects of α and β phase interactions on the room-temperature tensile and creep deformation behavior of α + β titanium alloys with Widmanst?tten microstructures were studied using Ti-6.0 wt pct Mn and Ti-8.1 wt pct V as the model two-phase alloy systems. This article, Part I, deals with tensile deformation. It was found that when the α phase is present as thin (<10-μm) plates in the α + β alloys, significant twinning occurs. No significant twinning was observed in single-phase alloys with the same chemistry and similar grain size. Additionally, the β phase of Ti-8.1 V deforms by stress-induced hexagonal martensite (α′), while only twinning occurs in the single-phase β alloy with the same chemistry. Twinning in the α phase in association with stress-induced martensite (SIM) in the β phase was observed for the first time in a two-phase titanium alloy. This behavior is explained in terms of a number of factors including elastic interaction stresses between the α and β phases, coherency between the α phase and hexagonal martensite, and β phase stability.     

Development of a simple microsystems membrane probe card

Presented here are details of the development of a novel membrane integrated circuit (IC) probe card structure based on microsystems technology. The device design allows probing of both solder bumps and pads. A self-limiting sensor was integrated to prolong device lifetime. Comparison with and discussion of the use of modelling is made. Possible enhancements to the probing structure are discussed to improve alignment and measurements. Also shown is data using our microsystems probe card to access a simple IC device. Our device has a contact resistance of less than 0.5 Ω for a force of 0.004 N. A method to implement our probing structure for commercial application and the potential developments which can be made to improve its ease of use are then discussed.