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Although self-help/mutual-help groups, like Alcoholics Anonymous, are important factors in the recovery of many chemically dependent individuals, the large dropout rates from such groups and the awareness that many who drop out do not return to dependent behavior raises interesting questions about other paths to sustained abstinence and recovery. Current emphasis on treatment outcome studies provides a means for researching factors in both those who recover with and without the assistance of self-help/mutual-help groups. The authors suggest some questions which might be investigated. 相似文献
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GI Kempen MJ van Heuvelen RH van den Brink AC Kooijman M Klein PJ Houx J Ormel 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,25(6):458-464
Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) maps of certain 3-methoxy flavone derivatives having different anti-picornavirus activities have been studied. Geometries of the molecules were optimised and charge distributions computed using the AM1 molecular orbital method. Hybridization displacement charges (HDC) were combined with the L?wdin charge distributions to compute the MEP maps. Reliability of the method of computing MEP maps was tested by studying certain other molecules for which ab initio MEP results are available. The anti-picornavirus activities of the flavones have been shown to be related with negative MEP values in two regions, one near the 3-methoxy group and another in a diagonally opposite region near the substituent attached to the C7 atom of the molecules. 相似文献
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Acute graft rejection and delayed function are considered to be the major risk factors of short-term as well as long-term graft survival. We studied the impact of these factors on graft outcome among 109 renal transplant recipients. All recipients were treated with triple drug protocol. The recipients were divided into two groups: I group included 57 patients with delayed graft function (DGF), II group included 52 patients with immediate graft function (IGF). We studied graft survival, incidence of acute rejection, serum creatinine levels and the cause of graft loss for patients in both groups. Acute rejection episodes occurred in 49% of patients from DGF group and 45% of patients from IGF group. Graft survival in IGF group was better than in DGF group. Actuarial graft survival at 1, 2, 3 and 4 years in examined groups was 84%, 82%, 72%, 65% vs. 92%, 86%, 84%, 84%, respectively. One-year graft survival in patients with acute rejection from DGF group and IGF group was significantly lower than in patients who remained rejection free (69%, 74% vs. 94%, 96%). We concluded that delayed graft function decreases long-term graft survival, while immediate graft function has an excellent impact on graft outcome. Acute graft rejection is the strongest risk factor of graft loss. 相似文献
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Between June 1983 and March 1992, we performed a capsular reconstruction procedure through an anterior approach in ten patients (ten shoulders) who had multidirectional laxity of the shoulder and symptomatic atraumatic posterior glenohumeral instability. The procedure included closure of the capsule in the rotator interval and imbrication of the anterior, inferior, and posteroinferior aspects of the capsule by a double-breasting technique that decreases the overall capsular volume. The mean duration of follow-up was sixty months (range, twenty-four to 103 months). According to the system of Rowe and Zarins, the result was graded as excellent for five shoulders, good for four, and poor for one. On the basis of our results, we recommend capsular reconstruction through an anterior approach only in patients who have persistent multidirectional laxity and symptomatic atraumatic posterior instability of the shoulder despite participation in an intensive rehabilitation program. 相似文献
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Medico-demographic processes and socio-hygienic characteristics of the population of a large city, both at an individual and familial levels, as well as territorial characteristics of residence, should be taken into consideration when developing measures for medicosocial care of the population. Analysis of the attitude of 380 city families to the activities, personality, and professional skills of local therapists and pediatricians and to the idea of primary health care rendered by a physician of a general profile demonstrated an increased activity of the families in the "physician-patient" system and confirmed the necessity of improving medicosocial care of a city family, expansion of prophylactic work with the population with due consideration for factors which have an impact on population health. 相似文献