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排序方式: 共有1236条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
AJ Dunipace EJ Brizendine ME Wilson W Zhang BP Katz GK Stookey 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,128(8):1392-1400
On the basis of observations that endemic fluorosis occurs more often in malnourished populations, a series of studies tested the hypothesis that deficient dietary intake of calcium, protein or energy affects fluoride metabolism so that the margin of safe fluoride exposure may be reduced. The objective of the investigation was to determine whether changes in fluoride metabolism in nutritionally deficient rats resulted in manifestation of any extraskeletal toxic fluoride effects not observed in healthy animals. This investigation included two studies, one that monitored the effect of calcium deficiency on the effects of chronic fluoride exposure, and a second study that observed fluoride effects in rats that were deficient either in protein or in energy and total nutrient intake. Control and experimental rats received drinking water containing 0, 0.26 (5), 0.79 (15) or 2.63 (50) mmol fluoride/L (mg/L) for 16 or 48 wk. Control rats were fed optimal diets and experimental rats were fed diets deficient in calcium (Study 1) or protein (Study 2). An additional group of experimental rats (Study 2) was provided with a restricted amount of diet; thus these rats were deficient in energy and total nutrient intake. The intake, excretion and retention of fluoride were monitored; after the rats were killed, tissue fluoride levels and biochemical markers of tissue function were analyzed. Bone marrow cells were harvested from some of the rats, after 48 wk of treatment, for determining the frequency of sister chromatid exchange, a marker of genetic damage. Although there were significant differences among fluoride treatment groups in fluoride excretion and retention that resulted in significantly greater fluoride levels in tissues of the experimental rats, we were unable to detect any harmful, extraskeletal biochemical, physiologic or genetic effects of fluoride in the nutritionally deficient rats. 相似文献
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Steinberg Y. 《IEEE transactions on information theory / Professional Technical Group on Information Theory》1998,44(2):472-487
We study the randomness needed for approximating the output distribution of a multiple-access channel, where the original input processes are independent of each other. The approximation is achieved by simulating (possibly alternative) input processes at each of the entries, where the sources of randomness available for the simulators are independent of each other, and the simulators do not cooperate. The resolvability region of a multiple-access channel is defined as the set of all random-bit rate pairs at which accurate output approximation is possible, where the simulation accuracy is measured by the variational distance between finite-dimensional output distributions. Inner and outer bounds on the resolvability region are derived, and close relations between the concepts of resolvability region and capacity region are demonstrated 相似文献
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L Fr?yland DK Asiedu H Vaagenes A Garras O Lie GK Totland RK Berge 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1995,36(12):2529-2540
The mechanism behind the hypolipidemic effect of tetradecylthioacetic acid (CMTTD, a non-beta-oxidizable 3-thia fatty acid) was studied in hamsters fed a high cholesterol diet (2%), which resulted in hyperlipidemia. Treating hyperlipidemic hamsters with CMTTD resulted in a progressive hypocholesterolemic and hypotriacylglycerolemic effect. Decreased plasma cholesterol was followed by a 39% and 30% reduction in VLDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, respectively. In contrast, the HDL-cholesterol content was not affected, thus decreasing the VLDL-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratios. 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl- (HMG) CoA reductase activity and its mRNA level were unchanged after CMTTD administration. Also, the LDL receptor and LDL receptor-related protein (LRP-4) mRNAs were unchanged. The decrease in plasma triacylglycerol was accompanied by a 45% and 56% reduction in VLDL-triacylglycerol and LDL-triacylglycerol, respectively. The hypolipidemic effect of CMTTD was followed by a 1.4-fold increase in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and a 2.3-fold increase in peroxisomal fatty acid oxidation. CMTTD treatment led to an accumulation of dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (20:3n-6) in liver, plasma, very low density lipoprotein, and heart. Noteworthy, CMTTD accumulated more in the heart, plasma, and VLDL particles compared to the liver, and in the VLDL particle alpha-linolenic acid (18:3n-3) decreased whereas eicosatetraenoic acid (20:4n-3) increased. In addition, linoleic acid (18:2n-6) and the total amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased, the latter mainly due to a decrease in n-6 fatty acids. The present data show that CMTTD was detected in plasma and incorporated into VLDL, liver, and heart. The relative incorporation (mol%) of CMTTD was heart > VLDL > liver. In conclusion, CMTTD causes both a hypocholesterolemic and hypotriacylglycerolemic effect in hyperlipidemic hamsters. 相似文献
6.
RA Reinhardt MP Masada GK Johnson LM DuBois GJ Seymour AC Allison 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1993,20(7):514-519
Interleukin (IL)-1 alpha and beta are cytokines which can mediate inflammatory, bone resorbing, and reparative effects in the periodontium, but few longitudinal data exist exploring their role following periodontal therapy. This study examined gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) concentrations of IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta at sites with shallow sulci (SS) or inflamed moderate/advanced pockets (M/AP) before and 6 months after treatment with closed scaling/root planing (SC/RP) or papillary flap debridement (PFD), all in the same subject (n = 14 patients). No significant differences were noted in IL-1 alpha or beta concentrations (determined with two-site enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays) between SS and M/AP sites at baseline. While both therapies improved clinical parameters of periodontal disease, IL-1 alpha concentration increased significantly (p < 0.05) in M/AP-PFD sites 6 months after treatment, but were unchanged in other groups. IL-1 beta concentrations were numerically lower after therapy, except for a significant increase (p < 0.05) in M/AP-PFD sites. These data suggest that surgical wound healing in an inflamed, plaque-infected site (M/AP-PFD) results in prolonged production of IL-1, which may be a reflection of the extent of tissue trauma and delayed wound healing. In spite of increased IL-1 levels, these sites demonstrated significant short-term improvement in clinical attachment level (+ 1.8 mm, p < or = 0.001) postoperatively. 相似文献
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Steinberg Y. Poor H.V. 《IEEE transactions on information theory / Professional Technical Group on Information Theory》1994,40(1):11-20
Considers the problem of multiuser amplitude estimation, i.e., the problem of estimating the amplitudes of several digital communications signals superimposed in the same channel. This problem is of importance in communications environments such as spread-spectrum radio networks, in which nonorthogonal multiplexing is used. Multiuser amplitude estimation is a critical prerequisite to the optimum demodulation of such signals using, for example, Verdu's algorithm. In the present paper, a sequential detection-estimation approach is applied to this problem, and several estimation paradigms, including the method of moments and likelihood-based estimators, are considered. The consistency, asymptotic variance, and complexity of these estimators are examined. A new method of constructing a recursive consistent and asymptotically efficient estimation algorithm out of a consistent estimator sequence is also suggested and is applied to the current setup. It is seen that detector-estimators that use these estimators in Verdu's algorithm result, asymptotically, in (known-amplitude) optimum error probabilities with little relative increase in complexity per demodulated bit 相似文献
9.
Insulin-like growth factor I activates the invasion suppressor function of E-cadherin in MCF-7 human mammary carcinoma cells in vitro 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
ME Bracke BM Vyncke EA Bruyneel SJ Vermeulen GK De Bruyne NA Van Larebeke K Vleminckx FM Van Roy MM Mareel 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1993,68(2):282-289
The calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin has been shown to counteract invasion of epithelial neoplastic cells. Using three monoclonal antibodies, we have demonstrated the presence of E-cadherin at the surface of human MCF-7/6 mammary carcinoma cells by indirect immunofluorescence coupled to flow cytometry and by immunocytochemistry. Nevertheless, MCF-7/6 cells failed to aggregate in a medium containing 1.25 mM CaCl2, and they were invasive after confrontation with embryonic chick heart fragments in organ culture. Treatment of MCF-7/6 cells with 0.5 microgram ml-1 insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) led to homotypic aggregation within 5 to 10 min and inhibited invasion in vitro during at least 8 days. The effect of IGF-I on cellular aggregation was insensitive to cycloheximide. However, monoclonal antibodies that interfered with the function of either the IGF-I receptor (alpha IR3) or E-cadherin (HECD-1, MB2) blocked the effect of IGF-I on aggregation. The effects of IGF-I on aggregation and on invasion could be mimicked by 1 microgram ml-1 insulin, but not by 0.5 microgram ml-1 IGF-II. The insulin effects were presumably not mediated by the IGF-I receptor, since they could not be blocked by an antibody against this receptor (alpha IR3). Our results indicate that IGF-I activates the invasion suppressor role of E-cadherin in MCF-7/6 cells. 相似文献
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