Fabrication and optical characterization of poly(2,5‐di‐n‐butoxyphenylene) nanofibril arrays

Anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane can be used as template for the synthesized nanostructures. In this article, we have prepared the AAO membrane by using electrooxidation of aluminum substrate in phosphoric acid, and fabricated poly(2,5‐di‐n‐butoxyphenylene) (BuO–PPP) nanofibril arrays by oxidative coupling polymerization of 1,4‐di‐n‐butoxybenzene (DBB) within the pores of the AAO template membrane. The detailed molecular structure of the polymer nanofibrils was characterized by using infrared and ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, and estimated to consist of almost equal fractions of 1,4‐ and 1,3‐ linkages. We have used transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atom force microscopy to confirm the morphologies and images of the AAO template membrane and the fabricated nanometer scale of BuO–PPP nanofibril arrays. The experimental results demonstrated that the pores of the AAO membrane were regular and uniform, and parallel each other, and the BuO–PPP chains in the narrowest template‐synthesized nanofibrils were oriented parallel to the porous axes of the AAO membrane and perpendicular to the surface of the aluminum substrate. The polymer chain orientation was partially responsible for the enhanced conductivity. The ultraviolet absorption spectrum of the BuO–PPP nanofibril arrays shown that the polymer contains a better extended π‐conjugation system along poly‐(p‐phenylene) backbone, which resulted in longer wavelength shift of the absorption band, the absorption maxima were located at 258 nm (E₁ absorption band) and 332 nm (E₂ absorption band), respectively. Photoluminescence spectrum of the BuO–PPP nanofibril arrays exhibited a blue emission. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 425–430, 2004     

公路项目经济费用效益分析中有关问题的探讨

2006年7月发布、已使用两年多的《建设项目经济评价方法与参数》（以下简称《方法与参数》）第三版,在“方法”的第11部分“部分行业项目经济评价的特点”中指出：交通运输项目应以经济费用效益分析为主,有营业收入的项目还应进行财务分析。目前接触到的部分公路项目可行性研究报告基本上执行了这一规定,在经济评价中均以经济费用效益分析为重点,通过对项目财务价格的调整,计算项目的各项经济分析指标。     

MgO载体化学气相沉积法制备碳纳米管的影响因素

用MgO载体化学气相沉积(CVD)技术制备了碳纳米管(CNTs).并用扫描电镜(SEM)、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)和微区拉曼光谱仪研究分析了各种沉积条件下CNTs的形貌结构.对CVD法制备CNTs的主要影响因素如碳源气体种类、沉积温度和Fe催化颗粒在MgO载体中的百分含量进行了分析讨论.     

Modelling HIV-1 2-LTR dynamics following raltegravir intensification

A model of reservoir activation and viral replication is introduced accounting for the production of 2-LTR HIV-1 DNA circles following antiviral intensification with the HIV integrase inhibitor raltegravir, considering contributions of de novo infection events and exogenous sources of infected cells, including quiescent infected cell activation. The model shows that a monotonic increase in measured 2-LTR concentration post intensification is consistent with limited de novo infection primarily maintained by sources of infected cells unaffected by raltegravir, such as quiescent cell activation, while a transient increase in measured 2-LTR concentration is consistent with significant levels of efficient (R₀ > 1) de novo infection. The model is validated against patient data from the INTEGRAL study and is shown to have a statistically significant fit relative to the null hypothesis of random measurement variation about a mean. We obtain estimates and confidence intervals for the model parameters, including 2-LTR half-life. Seven of the 13 patients with detectable 2-LTR concentrations from the INTEGRAL study have measured 2-LTR dynamics consistent with significant levels of efficient replication of the virus prior to treatment intensification.     

特种高效填料用于13C分离的计算传质学研究

由于碳同位素分离系数仅为1.007,分离难度大,要获得99%¹³C的高丰度产品,需要近三千块理论级数,为有效降低工程化实施难度,需要采用特种高效填料实现¹³C的分离。为准确预测¹³C分离用低温精馏塔的传质性能,本文运用计算流体力学方法（CFD）,对自主研制的高比表面高效规整填料PACK¹³C进行计算传质学分析。通过研究气液两相在两片填料片组成的精馏单元内部相互传质现象,提出了一种耦合传质效率的CFD计算方法;并实现由局部精馏单元的传质模拟计算推广到对整塔传质性能的模拟预测。结果显示,计算传质学模拟值与低温精馏分离¹³C同位素的传质实验值吻合较好,等板高度（HETP）的模拟值与实验值平均相对误差为10.15%;分离功模拟值与实验值的平均相对误差为9.1%。本研究方法可推广运用于¹³C产业化装置的传质性能预测。     

Effects of community characteristics on measures of job satisfaction.

Data concerning various aspects of female clerical workers' job satisfaction and group productivity were gathered from the employees of 300 catalog order establishments. Measures were also obtained of the prosperity, unemployment, slums, productive farming, and decrepitude of the communities in which the catalog order establishments were located. Analysis of these data indicated: (1) average satisfaction scores and group productivity were unrelated in general, (2) satisfaction scores were negatively related to community prosperity, and (3) pay satisfaction scores tended to be more negatively related to community prosperity than did other aspects of job satisfaction. An explanation of these findings in terms of frames of reference and alternatives available to the workers is offered. (17 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Electron-hole plasma luminescence in GaP

An experimental investigation of the luminescence of strongly excited “pure” GaP has been performed as function of input light intensity and temperature. Three distinct situations are observed. For T < 25K, the spectrum consists of a band, due to the recombination of the electron-hole liquid (EHL), coexisting with an exciton-rich gas phase. At T 40K, the EHL band is still apparent, but the gas has evolved into an electron-hole plasma (EHP). Finally, at T > 60K, only the EHP recombination remains and exhibits a density dependent lineshape as expected. The density at which the metal-insulator Mott transition occurs is compared to the calculations using the Debye-Hückel criterion.     

我国煤层气产业发展趋势预测

我国煤层气资源较为丰富,但煤层气产业的发展还处于起步阶段。我国煤层气在成煤和煤化作用地质条件与美国有差异,勘探开发有一定特殊性。目前我国基本具备美国20世纪80年代中后期煤层气的勘探开发条件,类比美国煤层气储量、产量增长模式,预测我国煤层气的发展也将经过探索、起步和快速三个阶段。预测2010、2020与2030年煤层气产量将分别达到100×108m3、300×108m3和470×108m3,煤层气将有效地改善我国的能源结构,成为常规能源的必要补充。     

一座典型建筑物的窗户覆盖透明蜂窝后的热环境分析

透明隔热材料（ＴＩＭ）的热损系数Ｕ值低于１．５Ｗ／ｍ２·Ｋ，太阳辐射的透过率大于７０％，在被动式太阳房中具有良好的应用前景。粗略地模拟了当建筑物的南窗很大并覆盖透明蜂窝时，在夏季和冬季的日照和气候条件下室内温度的动态变化。结果显示该房具有良好的热性能。