On the high-temperature subthreshold slope of thin-film SOI MOSFETs

This paper addresses the validity of the classical expression for the subthreshold swing (S) in SOI metal-oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) at high temperature. Using numerical simulation, it is shown that two effects invalidate the classical expression of S at high temperature. Firstly, the depletion approximation becomes invalid and intrinsic free carriers must be taken into account to determine the effective body capacitance. Secondly, the charge-sheet model for the inversion layer becomes inaccurate due to a lowering of the electric field at the surface and a broadening of the inversion layer thickness in weak inversion. These effects must be taken into account to predict accurately the high-temperature subthreshold characteristics of both partially depleted and fully depleted SOI MOSFETs     

Viscosity of Conventional Cryolite-Alumina Melts

Russian Journal of Non-Ferrous Metals - Viscosity of conventional cryolite-alumina melts NaF–AlF3–CaF2–Al2O3 with a cryolite ratio (xNaF/xAlF3, mol/mol) 2.3 was studied in...     

Obtaining of Detonation Diamonds from Individual Explosives

Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves - A method of obtaining detonation nanodiamonds from tetryl by means of blasting the latter in a water shell with the explosive/water mass ratio of...     

Experience in chemical heat treatment of parts made of powder materials for vaz passenger cars

Every car of the Volzhskii Automobile Plant consists of 1.6 (VAZ-2106) to 4.0 (VAZ-2110) kilograms of parts fabricated from powder materials. By the middle of 1996 the range of these parts (weighing from 1.5 to 600 g) consisted of 150 items. They are fabricated from powders based on iron and copper (119 and 31 items, respectively). Almost half of the iron-base powder parts are subjected to various kinds of surface treatment, namely, carburizing, cyaniding, gas nitriding, and steam oxide treatment. The present paper is devoted to the special features of chemical heat treatment (CHT) of parts produced from iron (steel) powder materials.Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 10, pp. 18–21, October, 1996.     

Metallo- and fractographic examination of reasons for failure of two-layer thin-walled bellows operating under compressive loading

Conclusions 1. The structure of the metal and the design of the fractured bellows (with the exception of the parameters D, L,a and t, which changed during service) satisfy the requirements of the normalization and technical documents.2. The main reason for failure of the bellows is its long-term service, almost four times higher than the design life.3. Failure is also caused by the presence on the surface of the bellows of technological roughness acting as regions of microcrack nucleations.4. To increase the efficiency of bellows, it is efficient to produce them from pipes/blanks with an electrochemically polished surface.5. The detected HV—running life dependence can be used to evaluate approximately the number of operating cycles of failed bellows and also their permissible service life.6. The design life of the bellows of the 44.5–15–0.18×2 type under this loading system may be increased from 3000 to 5000 cycles.Translated from Fiziko-Khimicheskaya Mekhanika Materialov, Vol. 2, No. 2, pp. 125–127, March–April, 1993.     

A Generative Probabilistic Oriented Wavelet Model for Texture Segmentation

This Letter addresses image segmentation via a generative model approach. A Bayesian network (BNT) in the space of dyadic wavelet transform coefficients is introduced to model texture images. The model is similar to a Hidden Markov model (HMM), but with non-stationary transitive conditional probability distributions. It is composed of discrete hidden variables and observable Gaussian outputs for wavelet coefficients. In particular, the Gabor wavelet transform is considered. The introduced model is compared with the simplest joint Gaussian probabilistic model for Gabor wavelet coefficients for several textures from the Brodatz album [1]. The comparison is based on cross-validation and includes probabilistic model ensembles instead of single models. In addition, the robustness of the models to cope with additive Gaussian noise is investigated. We further study the feasibility of the introduced generative model for image segmentation in the novelty detection framework [2]. Two examples are considered: (i) sea surface pollution detection from intensity images and (ii) image segmentation of the still images with varying illumination across the scene.     

A new scheme of geophysical signal detection with optical gravitational antennas

We suggest a method of detection of quasistatic geophysical signals with long-base gravitational-wave laser interferometric antennas, alternative to the ??free spectrum range?? regime, under optimal alignment of the optical system.     

Information-Extreme Learning Algorithm for a System of Recognition of Morphological Images in Diagnosing Oncological Pathologies

This paper considers the optimization of a set of brightness gradations for pixel images of the tissue morphology of patients with oncological pathology. The influence of a set of pixel brightness gradations on the functional performance of training a system for the recognition of images of oncological diseases is analyzed. It is established that a change in the collection of pixel brightnesses in the receptive field increases the value of the criterion of functional efficiency and, as a result, the reliability of recognition.     

Charge Density Influences C1 Domain Ligand Affinity and Membrane Interactions

The C1 domain, which represents the recognition motif on protein kinase C for the lipophilic second messenger diacylglycerol and its ultrapotent analogues, the phorbol esters, has emerged as a promising therapeutic target for cancer and other indications. Potential target selectivity is markedly enhanced both because binding reflects ternary complex formation between the ligand, C1 domain, and phospholipid, and because binding drives membrane insertion of the C1 domain, permitting aspects of the C1 domain surface outside the binding site, per se, to influence binding energetics. Here, focusing on charged residues identified in atypical C1 domains which contribute to their loss of ligand binding activity, we showed that increasing charge along the rim of the binding cleft of the protein kinase C δ C1 b domain raises the requirement for anionic phospholipids. Correspondingly, it shifts the selectivity of C1 domain translocation to the plasma membrane, which is more negatively charged than internal membranes. This change in localization is most pronounced in the case of more hydrophilic ligands, which provide weaker membrane stabilization than do the more hydrophobic ligands and thus contributes an element to the structure–activity relations for C1 domain ligands. Coexpressing pairs of C1‐containing constructs with differing charges each expressing a distinct fluorescent tag provided a powerful tool to demonstrate the effect of increasing charge in the C1 domain.