Management gaps analysis: a case study of groundwater resource management in New Zealand

The primary objective of this project is to identify gaps, whether real or perceived, that hinder effective groundwater management in New Zealand. These gaps show as gaps in information, gaps in implementation, gaps in technological and management tools, and gaps in understanding of fundamental processes. The secondary objective is to propose a management strategy to close the identified gaps. Several methods are used to meet these objectives: surveys distributed to selected staff in each regional council; the review of various written reports; the analysis of land-use databases; and private consultation within each regional council. Results show that groundwater management in New Zealand is generally reactionary with the main gaps being in strategic planning and national guidelines. Most gaps appear to be predominantly information and implementation issues. In some cases there are gaps in the understanding of fundamental processes within an aquifer system, including the long-term effects of land-use on groundwater quality. An adaptive management approach is suggested as a means of closing these gaps.     

Dedicated defense team strengthens liability protection

Primary psoas abscess is a relatively rare disease with highest incidence in children and adolescents. It usually presents with fever, abdominal pain and limp. Limping tends to incriminate musculoskeletal problems below the pelvis, but movement of the hip involves the psoas muscle which is mostly retroperitoneal and intimately related to pelvic and intraperitoneal organs. Although the current tendency is to use abdominal sonography, rectal examination is still a valuable step in clinical examination, and may help to assess a pelvic mass or abscess. The following case report describes the elusive nature of psoas abscess and a rare occurrence of abscess rupture and peritonitis, immediately after rectal examination.     

Pulse-stream VLSI neural networks mixing analog and digitaltechniques

The pulse-stream technique, which represents neural states as sequences of pulses, is reviewed. Several general issues are raised, and generic methods appraised, for pulsed encoding, arithmetic, and intercommunication schemes. Two contrasting synapse designs are presented and compared. The first is based on a fully analog computational form in which the only digital component is the signaling mechanism itself-asynchronous, pulse-rate encoded digital voltage pulses. In this circuit, multiplication occurs in the voltage/current domain. The second design uses more conventional digital memory for weight storage, with synapse circuits based on pulse stretching. Integrated circuits implementing up to 15000 analog, fully programmable synaptic connections are described. A demonstrator project is described in which a small robot localization network is implemented using asynchronous, analog, pulse-stream devices.     

你实现碳平衡了吗

石油价格攀升和全球变暖导致了人们对清洁能源的需求，2008年最常搜索的单词就是“绿色”。由于普通美国人每年直接排放的二氧化碳大约是10吨（包括家庭、汽车，以及人们旅行所排放的），而在日常生活中（购买服装、食品等）每年间接排放的大约是23吨，所以公众已经很快表现出了对绿色产品的钟爱，     

Chronic liver disease in Peru: role of viral hepatitis

Autologous or glutaraldehyde treated bovine pericardial valved patch was utilized for widening of the right ventricular outflow tract in 20 patients with tetralogy of Fallot (autologous pericardium group in 10 patients and bovine pericardium group in 10). Pericardial valve function of the both materials was evaluated by postoperative cardiac catheterization performed 1 year after the operation. There were no significant differences in pulmonary arterial and right ventricular pressures, and right ventricular ejection fraction and end-diastolic volume between the 2 groups. Pulmonary angiogram in the autologous pericardium group patients demonstrated the pulmonary regurgitation (PR) of grade 1 in 5 patients, grade 2 in 4 and grade 3 in 1. On the other hand, 1, 3 and 6 patients in the bovine pericardium group demonstrated no-PR, grade 1 PR and grade 2 PR, respectively. It was concluded that there were no significant differences between autologous and glutaraldehyde treated bovine pericardium as a material of valved patch for widening of the right ventricular outflow tract of tetralogy of Fallot.     

Superplasticity in a high strength powder aluminum

The superplastic properties of a rapidly solidified, high strength P/M Al alloy and the same alloy reinforced with SiC particulates (SiC _p ) have been studied. To prepare superplastic test materials, a matrix alloy powder of composition 7.2Zn-2.4Mg-2Cu-0.2Zr-0.12Cr-0.2Co (Kaiser PM-64) and the powder mixed with 10 to 20 vol pct SiC _p (~5 μm diameter) were thermomechanically processed to very fine equiaxed grain structures of ~6 μm and ~8 μm, respectively. Superplasticity in these materials was evaluated by characterizing (1) high temperature stability, (2) dynamic grain growth, (3) strain rate sensitivity, (4) flow stress behavior, (5) cavitation and cavitation control, and (6) total superplastic strain. It was observed that the PM-64 alloy could achieve a total elongation of over 800 pct, while the SiC_p reinforced alloy could attain an elongation greater than 500 pct before failure. Also, it was shown that with the use of hydrostatic pressure during superplastic flow, cavitation could be controlled. Observations were made of the effect SiC _p reinforcement particles had on the superplastic flow stress behavior. Interpretations are proposed to explain the role of particulates during superplastic straining.     

Pulse arithmetic in VLSI neural networks

This review explores the use of biological signaling methods to build silicon networks. Recent designs using a technique called `pulse stream', which employs fully analog, dynamic weight storage, are described. The pulse-stream concept is explained, and a comparison is made with conventional analog neural networks. An analog synapse based on the pulse-stream approach is presented. Chip details and simulation results are given     

THE QUEST FOR WORLD CLASS IT CAPABILITY IT Is Key to Achieving Quality Goals

In today's competitive world, many organizations are pursuing total quality improvement programs, and as a result of these initiatives, are seeking to define world class capabilities. The organizations with these aspirations are trying to improve product and service quality, business process quality, or delivered quality, and are becoming aware that information technology is playing a more substantial role in realizing these quality goals.     

Characterization of mutated transforming growth factor-beta s which possess unique biological properties

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is a potent regulator of cell growth and differentiation. On the basis of the crystal structure of TGF-beta 2, we have designed and synthesized two mutant TGF-beta s, TGF-beta 1 (71 Trp) and TGF-beta 1 (delta 69-73). Although both of these molecules inhibited the growth of Mv1Lu mink lung epithelial cells and LS1034 colorectal cancer cells, which are affected equally by TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 2, TGF-beta 1 (delta 69-73) was much less potent than TGF-beta 1 or TGF-beta 1 (71 Trp) at inhibiting the growth of LS513 colorectal cancer cells which are growth-inhibited by TGF-beta 1 but not TGF-beta 2. Both TGF-beta 1 (71 Trp) and TGF-beta 1 (delta 69-73) increased levels of mRNAs for fibronectin and plasminogen activator inhibitor with Mv1Lu cells, whereas only TGF-beta 1 (71 Trp) and not TGF-beta 1 (delta 69-73) up-regulated the mRNA level of carcinoembryonic antigen in LS513 cells. The expression level of carcinoembryonic antigen mRNA in LS1034 cells was not altered by either wild-type or mutant TGF-beta s. Receptor labeling experiments demonstrated that TGF-beta 1 (71 Trp) bound with high affinity to the cell-surface receptors of Mv1Lu, LS1034, and LS513 cells while TGF-beta 1 (delta 69-73) bound effectively to the receptors of Mv1Lu and LS1034 cells but much less to the receptors on LS513 cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Constructing inferences during narrative text comprehension.

Describes a constructionist theory that accounts for the knowledge-based inferences that are constructed when readers comprehend narrative text. Readers potentially generate a rich variety of inferences when they construct a referential situation model of what the text is about. The proposed constructionist theory specifies that some, but not all, of this information is constructed under most conditions of comprehension. The distinctive assumptions of the constructionist theory embrace a principle of search (or effort) after meaning. According to this principle, readers attempt to construct a meaning representation that addresses the reader's goals, that is coherent at both local and global levels, and that explains why actions, events, and states are mentioned in the text. This study reviews empirical evidence that addresses this theory and contrasts it with alternative theoretical frameworks. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)