全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1542篇 |
免费 | 1篇 |
国内免费 | 1篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 1篇 |
化学工业 | 10篇 |
金属工艺 | 2篇 |
机械仪表 | 1篇 |
建筑科学 | 1篇 |
能源动力 | 4篇 |
轻工业 | 49篇 |
水利工程 | 2篇 |
石油天然气 | 1篇 |
无线电 | 4篇 |
一般工业技术 | 10篇 |
冶金工业 | 1443篇 |
自动化技术 | 16篇 |
出版年
2019年 | 3篇 |
2018年 | 1篇 |
2017年 | 1篇 |
2015年 | 1篇 |
2014年 | 1篇 |
2013年 | 6篇 |
2012年 | 1篇 |
2011年 | 4篇 |
2008年 | 3篇 |
2006年 | 2篇 |
2005年 | 1篇 |
2004年 | 1篇 |
2003年 | 4篇 |
2000年 | 1篇 |
1999年 | 39篇 |
1998年 | 436篇 |
1997年 | 238篇 |
1996年 | 166篇 |
1995年 | 96篇 |
1994年 | 69篇 |
1993年 | 79篇 |
1992年 | 15篇 |
1991年 | 24篇 |
1990年 | 26篇 |
1989年 | 24篇 |
1988年 | 23篇 |
1987年 | 25篇 |
1986年 | 13篇 |
1985年 | 14篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 17篇 |
1979年 | 2篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 26篇 |
1976年 | 107篇 |
1975年 | 6篇 |
1974年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 4篇 |
1972年 | 4篇 |
1971年 | 4篇 |
1970年 | 5篇 |
1969年 | 5篇 |
1968年 | 5篇 |
1967年 | 6篇 |
1966年 | 8篇 |
1955年 | 4篇 |
1954年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1544条查询结果,搜索用时 406 毫秒
1.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the MR characteristics of non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the skull base to help in the differential diagnosis of this neoplasm from other conditions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MR of five patients, 7-64 years old, with pathologically proved lymphomas of the skull base were reviewed. Three cases had primary skull base lesions involving the sphenoid bone and the cavernous sinus. One case with a nasal cavity lesion involving the skull base and one with a relapsing skull base lesion of previously treated tonsillar lymphoma were included. RESULTS: The lesions had signal intensities that were similar to that of gray matter of brain on both T1- and T2-weighted imaging. Bilateral cavernous sinuses were involved with encasement of internal carotid arteries in every case. Postcontrast MR showed homogeneous enhancement of the tumor with dural infiltration along the planum sphenoidale, clivus, or tentorium. The clivus was destroyed or replaced by tumors in adult cases but in two children the clivus was preserved with intact sphenooccipital synchondrosis. In one case the tumor extended to the extracranial portion through the jugular foramen. CONCLUSION: The MR findings of a permeative lesion of the skull base, invasion of the cavernous sinus without arterial narrowing, infiltration along the dural surface, and an iso- or hypointensity with brain on T2-weighted imaging should suggest lymphoma. 相似文献
2.
Graefe G. Linville A. Shapiro L.D. 《Knowledge and Data Engineering, IEEE Transactions on》1994,6(6):934-944
Efficient algorithms for processing large volumes of data are very important both for relational and new object-oriented database systems. Many query-processing operations can be implemented using sort- or hash-based algorithms, e.g. intersections, joins, and duplicate elimination. In the early relational database systems, only sort-based algorithms were employed. In the last decade, hash-based algorithms have gained acceptance and popularity, and are often considered generally superior to sort-based algorithms such as merge-join. In this article, we compare the concepts behind sort- and hash-based query-processing algorithms and conclude that (1) many dualities exist between the two types of algorithms, (2) their costs differ mostly by percentages rather than by factors, (3) several special cases exist that favor one or the other choice, and (4) there is a strong reason why both hash- and sort-based algorithms should be available in a query-processing system. Our conclusions are supported by experiments performed using the Volcano query execution engine 相似文献
3.
Volcano-an extensible and parallel query evaluation system 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
To investigate the interactions of extensibility and parallelism in database query processing, we have developed a new dataflow query execution system called Volcano. The Volcano effort provides a rich environment for research and education in database systems design, heuristics for query optimization, parallel query execution, and resource allocation. Volcano uses a standard interface between algebra operators, allowing easy addition of new operators and operator implementations. Operations on individual items, e.g., predicates, are imported into the query processing operators using support functions. The semantics of support functions is not prescribed; any data type including complex objects and any operation can be realized. Thus, Volcano is extensible with new operators, algorithms, data types, and type-specific methods. Volcano includes two novel meta-operators. The choose-plan meta-operator supports dynamic query evaluation plans that allow delaying selected optimization decisions until run-time, e.g., for embedded queries with free variables. The exchange meta-operator supports intra-operator parallelism on partitioned datasets and both vertical and horizontal inter-operator parallelism, translating between demand-driven dataflow within processes and data-driven dataflow between processes. All operators, with the exception of the exchange operator, have been designed and implemented in a single-process environment, and parallelized using the exchange operator. Even operators not yet designed can be parallelized using this new operator if they use and provide the interator interface. Thus, the issues of data manipulation and parallelism have become orthogonal, making Volcano the first implemented query execution engine that effectively combines extensibility and parallelism 相似文献
4.
We show here that the internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, which is a biochemical hallmark of apoptosis, was induced in a cell density-dependent manner in primary culture of adult rat hepatocytes. This DNA fragmentation could be suppressed by a gene expression inhibitor, indicating the active nature of this process. Moreover, the viability changes in high and low cell density cultures showed a tendency corresponding with the incidence of the DNA fragmentation in them. These results suggest that in hepatocytes there may be a cell density-dependent apoptosis mechanism. In this report, we also show that heparin could suppress this DNA fragmentation with high specificity, and the cell death to some extent. 相似文献
5.
Instrumental techniques are described for displaying (a) the spatial distribution of field emission sites on planar high voltage electrodes and (b) the emission current pattern within an individual site. Typically, emission ‘sites‘ are generally composed of three or more ‘sub-sites’ that become temporally unstable at current > 10?7 A. The electron energy spectra of sub-sites are characteristically single peaked, whose half-widths (FWHM) initially vary linearly with applied field: from changes in spectral area with field, substantially linear sub-site F-N plots have been obtained having β values in the range 300–500. 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
9.
C Jaeger J Allend?rfer E Hatziagelaki T Dyrberg KH Bergis K Federlin RG Bretzel 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,29(10):510-515
Persistent humoral autoimmunity to the enzyme glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) has been described in a substantial proportion of patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) of long duration. The source of the stimulus for this autoimmune reactivity is still unknown. Because the GAD 65 isoform is mainly expressed in pancreatic beta-cells and in the nervous system we investigated in the present study of the largest number of well characterized patients with longstanding IDDM (n = 105; median duration: 21 years; range: 10-46 years) the presence of autoantibodies to GAD 65 and their relationship to a residual C-peptide response or peripheral and autonomic neuropathy. Additionally we studied the HLA-DR status relative to GAD 65 antibodies in 86 out of the 105 individuals. One hundred healthy control subjects and 100 recent onset IDDM patients were also studied for GAD 65 antibodies. GAD 65 antibodies were detected in a radioligand-binding-assay with recombinant human GAD 65 and were present in 32% of the long-term diabetic patients, 82% of the recent onset IDDM patients and in 3% of the healthy control subjects. A preserved C-peptide response to i.v. glucagon (Hendriksen criteria) was observed in 23% of the long-term IDDM patients. Autonomic neuropathy and peripheral neuropathy was identified using criteria based on both symptoms and formal testing giving a frequency of 67% vs 79%. The HLA specific DR 4/X was observed in 47% and HLA-DR 3/X in 22% of the long-term IDDM patients. Patients who were heterozygous for DR3/DR4 were found in 23% of the cases. GAD 65 antibodies were significantly less frequent in the long-term IDDM patients compared to recent onset IDDM (p < 0.001), and diabetes duration showed a significant negative correlation with GAD 65 antibody index levels (r = 0.22, p < 0.01). Interestingly, GAD 65 antibodies were not significantly correlated either with residual beta-cell function or neuropathy and no particular HLA-DR status was associated with persistent GAD 65 antibodies. In conclusion neither residual beta-cell function nor diabetic neuropathy or a certain HLA-DR specificity are exclusively associated with persistent autoimmunity directed to GAD 65 in longstanding IDDM. The stimulus for the persistent humoral immune response and its significance for the disease process and its complications remain to be established. 相似文献
10.