Methods for controlling pulsed stochastic operating regimes of nuclear reactors

Methods are proposed for controlling temporal and space-time pulsed chaos in nuclear reactors where the control actions are implemented as a result of external changes in the neutron multiplication coefficient or introducing external neutron sources. Cases of periodically varying controlling actions and cases where the controlling actions are introduced at the moment the neutron pulses start are examined. The cases of a singly connected regulation system, introducing control at each point of a reactor, and multiconnected systems consisting of several regulators, introducing controlling actions in local regions of the core, are examined. The case where control is introduced in the regions where neutrons bursts start is examined. The proposed methods of control make it possible to excite or suppress pulsed stochastic regimes in reactors and change the regime characteristics purposefully. __________ Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 101, No. 2, pp. 103–112, August, 2006.     

Analog regulators of the energy-liberation distribution in nuclear reactors

Translated from Atomnaya Énergiya, Vol. 66, No. 2, pp. 81–85, February, 1989.     

Quality of ecologically produced foods of animal origin

The production of organic (ecological) food of animal origin is done in many ways and uses many different breeds. Therefore a real comparison with conventionally produced food is difficult. From the limited number of published data it appears, that the characteristics of quality of the products, the nutritional, hygienic, sensorial and technological factors, are not very different in both systems of production. In some factors organic food gets better marks, in others the conventionally produced food. The differences are in the production system (process quality) during lifetime of the animals.     

Sucrosemia in untreated celiac disease: a potential screening test

During studies to develop serum tests of small intestinal permeability, we detected an unidentified disaccharide in HPLC traces of sera from untreated celiacs. This present study aimed to identify the disaccharide and determine whether the presence of the disaccharide in the serum after an oral challenge had potential as a simple screening test for celiac disease. The disaccharide was identified as sucrose by incubation studies of sera with disaccharidases. Twenty untreated celiacs, 15 treated celiacs, and 20 normal or dyspeptic controls were studied for the presence of sucrose in their serum after an oral load (8 g). The results in celiacs were compared with the presence of serum IgA endomysial antibodies. The 10 normal controls were also given a larger sucrose challenge (50 g). Ten of the untreated celiacs and 10 controls had their brush border disaccharidase activities measured. Sucrose eluted in the same position as the unidentified disaccharide in the HPLC trace and the latter could be removed by incubation with sucrase. All untreated celiacs but none of the treated celiacs had sucrose in their serum after the 8-g oral challenge. None of the controls had sucrose in their serum after the 8-g or 50-g challenges. Three untreated celiacs were IgA endomysial antibody negative as were all the treated cases. Brush border sucrase activity was low in untreated celiac disease. The presence of sucrose in the serum after an oral load shows promise as a noninvasive test for celiac disease.     

Development of clinical indicators for performance measurement and improvement: an HMO/purchaser collaborative effort

This article describes a collaborative effort between a major health care purchaser, three area health maintenance organizations, and a state Medicaid agency to develop clinical indicators as the basis for a comparison database. Some of the difficulties in developing a "common yardstick" of quality and value are candidly discussed.     

Flow over blunt bodies with spikes and cavities

The influence of the shape of bodies of revolution with complicated generating lines on the coefficient of drag is investigated by the method of large particles.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 37, No. 4, pp. 712–716, October, 1979.