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排序方式: 共有141条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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We present a model of a purchaser of electricity in Norway, bidding into a wholesale electricity pool market that operates a day ahead of dispatch. The purchaser must arrange purchase for an uncertain demand that occurs the following day. Deviations from the day-ahead purchase are bought in a secondary market at a price that differs from the day-ahead price by virtue of regulating offers submitted by generators. Under an assumption that arbitrageurs are absent in these markets, we study conditions under which the purchaser should bid their expected demand and examine the two-period game played between a single generator and purchaser in the presence of a competitive fringe. In all our models, it is found that purchasers have an incentive to underbid their expected demand, and so the day-ahead prices will be below expected real-time prices. We also derive conditions on the optimal demand curve that purchasers should bid if the behavior of the other participants is unknown but can be modeled by a market distribution function. 相似文献
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Ehsan Rezapour Kristin Y. Pettersen Jan T. Gravdahl Andreas Hofmann 《Artificial Life and Robotics》2016,21(3):282-294
This paper considers formation control of snake robots. In particular, based on a simplified locomotion model, and using the method of virtual holonomic constraints, we control the body shape of the robot to a desired gait pattern defined by some pre-specified constraint functions. These functions are dynamic in that they depend on the state variables of two compensators which are used to control the orientation and planar position of the robot, making this a dynamic maneuvering control strategy. Furthermore, using a formation control strategy we make the multi-agent system converge to and keep a desired geometric formation, and enforce the formation follow a desired straight line path with a given speed profile. Specifically, we use the proposed maneuvering controller to solve the formation control problem for a group of snake robots by synchronizing the commanded velocities of the robots. Simulation results are presented which illustrate the successful performance of the theoretical approach. 相似文献
5.
Arne Ketil Eidsvik Randi Karlsen Gordon Blair Paul Grace 《Journal of Computer and System Sciences》2008,74(2):158-169
Transaction execution in mobile environments needs to be flexible, not only to support typical mobile computing characteristics, like movement, disconnections and limited resources, but also to support the variety of transactional properties that might be required by different applications. Existing models for mobile transaction management solve different aspects of transaction execution, but are not flexible enough to solve all required aspects. Instead of designing a new transaction model, we propose a middleware (MobileTSe) which utilize existing transaction models to handle various requirements for mobile transaction execution. This paper presents an approach for flexible transaction processing in mobile applications, and describes how MobileTSe makes transaction services with different properties available on mobile units. We suggest a solution with transaction service discovery and control using UPnP. 相似文献
6.
This paper presents an assumption/commitment specification technique and a refinement calculus for networks of agents communicating asynchronously via unbounded FIFO channels in the tradition of Kahn. We define two types of assumption/commitment specifications, namely simple and general specifications. It is shown that semantically, any deterministic agent can be uniquely characterized by a simple specification, and any nondeterministic agent can be uniquely characterized by a general specification. We define two sets of refinement rules, one for simple specifications and one for general specifications. The rules are Hoare-logic inspired. In particular the feedback rules employ invariants in the style of a traditional while-rule. Both sets of rules have been proved to be sound and also (semantic) relative complete. Conversion rules allow the two logics to be combined. This means that general specifications and the rules for general specifications have to be introduced only at the point in a system development where they are really needed. 相似文献
7.
Towards the development of a virtual environment-based training system for mechanical assembly operations 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
John E. Brough Maxim Schwartz Satyandra K. Gupta Davinder K. Anand Robert Kavetsky Ralph Pettersen 《Virtual Reality》2007,11(4):189-206
In this paper, we discuss the development of Virtual Training Studio (VTS), a virtual environment-based training system that
allows training supervisors to create training instructions and allows trainees to learn assembly operations in a virtual
environment. Our system is mainly focused on the cognitive side of training so that trainees can learn to recognize parts,
remember assembly sequences, and correctly orient the parts during assembly operations. Our system enables users to train
using the following three training modes: (1) Interactive Simulation, (2) 3D Animation, and (3) Video. Implementing these
training modes required us to develop several new system features. This paper presents an overview of the VTS system and describes
a few main features of the system. We also report user test results that show how people train using our system. The user
test results indicate that the system is able to support a wide variety of training preferences and works well to support
training for assembly operations.
相似文献
Satyandra K. GuptaEmail: |
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Selçuk Yildirim Bettina Röcker Marit Kvalvåg Pettersen Julie Nilsen‐Nygaard Zehra Ayhan Ramune Rutkaite Tanja Radusin Patrycja Suminska Begonya Marcos Véronique Coma 《Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety》2018,17(1):165-199
The traditional role of food packaging is continuing to evolve in response to changing market needs. Current drivers such as consumer's demand for safer, “healthier,” and higher‐quality foods, ideally with a long shelf‐life; the demand for convenient and transparent packaging, and the preference for more sustainable packaging materials, have led to the development of new packaging technologies, such as active packaging (AP). As defined in the European regulation (EC) No 450/2009, AP systems are designed to “deliberately incorporate components that would release or absorb substances into or from the packaged food or the environment surrounding the food.” Active packaging materials are thereby “intended to extend the shelf‐life or to maintain or improve the condition of packaged food.” Although extensive research on AP technologies is being undertaken, many of these technologies have not yet been implemented successfully in commercial food packaging systems. Broad communication of their benefits in food product applications will facilitate the successful development and market introduction. In this review, an overview of AP technologies, such as antimicrobial, antioxidant or carbon dioxide‐releasing systems, and systems absorbing oxygen, moisture or ethylene, is provided, and, in particular, scientific publications illustrating the benefits of such technologies for specific food products are reviewed. Furthermore, the challenges in applying such AP technologies to food systems and the anticipated direction of future developments are discussed. This review will provide food and packaging scientists with a thorough understanding of the benefits of AP technologies when applied to specific foods and hence can assist in accelerating commercial adoption. 相似文献
10.
The effects of dietarytrans fatty acids on the fatty acid composition of the brain in comparison with other organs were studied in 3-wk-old suckling
piglets. In Experiment (Expt.) 1 the piglets were delivered from sows fed partially hydrogenated fish oil (PHFO) (28%trans), partially hydrogenated soybean oil (PHSBO) (36%trans) or lard (0%trans). In Expt. 2 the piglets were delivered from sows fed PHFO, hydrogenated fish oil (HFO) (19%trans) or coconut fat (CF) (0%trans) with two levels of dietary linoleic acid (1 and 2.7%) according to factorial design. In both experiments the mother's milk
was the piglets' only food. The level of incorporation oftrans fatty acids in the organs was dependent on the levels in the diets and independent of fat source (i.e., PHSBO, PHFO or HFO). Incorporation oftrans fatty acids into brain PE (phosphatidylethanolamine) was non-detectable in Expt. 1. In Expt. 2, small amounts (less than
0.5%) of 18∶1trans isomers were found in the brain, the level being slightly more on the lower level of dietary linoleic acid compared to the
higher. In the other organs the percentage of 18∶1trans increased in the following order: heart PE, liver mitochondria PE, plasma lipids and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Small amounts
of 20∶1trans were found in adipose tissue and plasma lipids. Other very long-chain fatty acids from PHFO or HFO (i.e., 20∶1cis and 22∶1cis+trans) were found in all organ lipids except for brain PE. Dietarytrans fatty acids increased the percentage of 22∶5n−6 in brain PE. Except for the brain and the heart, dietarytrans fatty acids reduced the percentage of saturated fatty acids and increased the percentage of monoenoic acids (includingtrans). The overall conclusion was that dietarytrans fatty acids had no noticeable effect on the brain PE composition but slight to moderate effects on the fatty acid profile
of other organs of suckling piglets. 相似文献