Design of Deep Convolution Neural Networks for categorical signature classification of raw panchromatic satellite images

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Remote Sensing categorical signature classification has gained significant implications on spatial resolution image analysis due to differences in the...     

Impact of adhesive ingredients on adhesion between rubber and brass-plated steel wire in tire

Proficiency on underlying mechanism of rubber-metal adhesion has been increased significantly in the last few decades. Researchers have investigated the effect of various ingredients, such as hexamethoxymethyl melamine, resorcinol, cobalt stearate, and silica, on rubber-metal interface. The role of each ingredient on rubber-metal interfacial adhesion is still a subject of scrutiny. In this article, a typical belt skim compound of truck radial tire is selected and the effect of each adhesive ingredient on adhesion strength is explored. Out of these ingredients, the effect of cobalt stearate is found noteworthy. It has improved adhesion strength by 12% (without aging) and by 11% (humid-aged), respectively, over control compound. For detailed understanding of the effect of cobalt stearate on adhesion, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy are utilized to ascertain the rubber coverage and distribution of elements. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results helped us to understand the impact of Cu_XS layer depth on rubber-metal adhesion. The depth profile of the Cu_XS layer was found to be one of the dominant factors of rubber-metal adhesion retention. Thus, this study has made an attempt to find the impact of different adhesive ingredients on the formation of Cu_XS layer depth at rubber-metal interface and establish a correlation with adhesion strength simultaneously.     

Hamiltonian of a Slightly Asymmetric Molecules with a Three Fold Internal Rotor and Its Applications to Optically Pumped FIR Lasers: Theoretical Aspects

In this paper, a Model of the Hamiltonian function is reviewed for the slightly asymmetric class of molecules, which is the most successful so far, according to our present knowledge. This model does not have the redundancy problem suffered by previous models. The observed frequencies are calculated to within experimental accuracy. In our subsequent papers we will show the application of this model for the prediction and quantum number assignments of optically pumped far infrared lasers and thereby increasing the possibility of new lines in the region of the spectrum which severely lacks enough monochromatic sources. We will also show that this model is capable of calculating even MMW transitions for the second excited state of methanol. All the previous models consider transitions up to the first excited torsional state.     

Binding free energy calculations of galectin-3-ligand interactions

Galectins show remarkable binding specificity towards ß-galactosides.A recently developed method for calculating binding free energiesbetween a protein and its substrates has been used to evaluatethe binding specificity of galectin-3. Five disaccharides anda tetrasaccharide were used as the substrates. The calculatedbinding free energies agree quite well with the experimentaldata and the ranking of binding affinities is well reproduced.For all the six protein–ligand complexes it was observedthat electrostatic interactions oppose binding whereas the non-polarcontributions drive complex formation. The observed bindingspecificity of galectin-3 for galactosides rather than glucosidesis discussed in light of our results.     

Adaptive cell division for ray tracing

In ray tracing the two most commonly used data structures are the octree and uniform cell division. The octree structure allows efficient adaptive subdivision of space, while taking care of the spatial coherence of the objects in it; however, the tree structure locating the next node in the path of a ray is complex and time consuming. The cell structure, on the other hand, can be stored in a three-dimensional array, and each cell can be efficiently accessed by specifying three indices. However, such a uniform cell division does not take care of object coherence. The proposed data structure combines the positive features of the above data structures while minimising their disadvantages. The entire object space is implicitly assumed to be a three-dimensional grid of cells. Initially, the entire object space is a single voxel which later undergoes “adaptive cell division.” But, unlike in the octree structure, where each voxel is divided exactly at the middle of each dimension, in adaptive cell division, each voxel is divided at the nearest cell boundary. The result is that each voxel contains an integral number of cells along each axis. Corresponding to the implicit cell division we maintain a three-dimensional array, with each array element containing the voxel number which is used to index into the voxel array. The voxel array is used to store information about the structure of each voxel, in particular, the objects in each voxel. While a ray moves from one voxel to another we always keep track of the cell through which the ray is currently passing. Since only arrays are involved in accessing the next voxel in the path of the ray, the operation is very efficient.     

Synthesis of new sulphides of transition metal ions in presence of sun light

New sulphides of transition metal ions [M⁺ⁿ = Cu⁺¹, Cu⁺² and Zn⁺²] have been synthesised in sunlight. XRD patterns show that these compounds are not MxSy but are mercaptyl, hydroxyl metal sulphides [M(SH)(OH)(H₂O)₂] which is further ascertained by I.R. spectra showing bands due to T _d-symmetry. ESCA of compound of copper in solid state shows presence of Cu¹⁺ and Cu²⁺ ion. The presence of hydroxyl, mercaptyl, aqua and S^–2 groups has finally been confirmed with TGA, DTA and ESCA. Conductivity and Seebeck coefficient measurements show that compound of copper is p-type semiconductor and compound of zinc is n-type semiconductor. The production of these low cost materials opens an interesting area of research and development for their use in solar cell devices.     

A Low-Supply-Voltage CMOS Sub-Bandgap Reference

A low-power (21 $muhbox{W}$ ) bandgap reference source that is operable from a nominal supply voltage of 1.4 V is described. The circuit provides an output voltage equal to the bandgap voltage having a low output resistance and allows resistive loading. It does not use resistors or operational amplifiers. Thus, the design is suitable for fabrication in any digital CMOS technology. The circuit uses a current conveyor and current mirrors to convert the proportional to absolute temperature voltage into a current using a MOSFET. The current is converted back to a voltage by using the functional inverse of the FET $v-i$ characteristics. This makes the voltage gain linear and temperature independent. The absence of back-gate bias is the reason for achieving the low supply voltage of operation. Simulation results using the transistor models for the 0.18-$mu$m TSMC process show that the voltage-variation over the temperature range 0 to 100 $^{circ} {hbox {C}}$ is $≪$1 mV.      

Effects of situational demand upon social enjoyment and preference in schizotypy.

The socioemotional functioning of schizophrenic and schizotypic individuals is marked by withdrawal, poor organization, and limited emotional displays. Such behavioral tendencies and lack of social enjoyment in schizotypy could be linked to the relative situational demands or role ambiguity inherent in specific social activities. To determine whether high-schizotypy individuals prefer more clearly role-defined social activities (e.g., visiting relatives) to more ambiguous, novel situations (e.g., going alone to a party), the authors gathered reports from 52 high-schizotypy and 60 low-schizotypy individuals on their enjoyment and frequency of engaging in social situations varying in relative situational demand. Parallel reports were obtained from knowledgeable others. Group × Situational Demand interactions revealed the hypothesized pattern of reduced frequency and enjoyment ratings for ambiguous or novel situations by the high-schizotypy participants in both self and others' reports. Groups were more comparable in their reported frequency and enjoyment of less ambiguous situations. Results suggest the importance of situational demands in the socioemotional experience and behavioral withdrawal in schizotypy. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Analysis of supersaturation and nucleation in a moving solution droplet with flowing supercritical carbon dioxide

A supercritical antisolvent (SAS) process is employed for production of solid nanoparticles from atomized droplets of dilute solution in a flowing supercritical carbon dioxide (SC CO₂) stream by attaining extremely high, very rapid, and uniform supersaturation. This is facilitated by a two‐way mass transfer of CO₂ and solvent, to and from the droplet respectively, rendering rapid reduction in equilibrium solubility of the solid solute in the ternary solution. The present work analyses the degree of supersaturation and nucleation kinetics in a single droplet of cholesterol solution in acetone during its flight in a flowing SC CO₂ stream. Both temperature and composition are assumed to be uniform within the droplet, and their variations with time are calculated by balancing the heat and mass transfer fluxes to and from the droplet. The equilibrium solubility of cholesterol with CO₂ dissolution has been predicted as being directly proportional to the Partial Molar Volume Fraction (PMVF) of acetone in the binary (CO₂–acetone) system. The degree of supersaturation has been simulated up to the time required to attain almost zero cholesterol solubility in the droplet for evaluating the rate of nucleation and the size of the stable critical nuclei formed. The effects of process parameters have been analysed in the pressure range of 7.1–35.0 MPa, temperature range of 313–333 K, SC CO₂ flow rate of 0.1136–1.136 mol s^?1, the ratio of the volumetric flow rates of CO₂‐to‐solution in the range of 100–1000, and the initial mole fraction of cholesterol in acetone solution in the range of 0.0025–0.010. The results confirm an extremely high and rapid increase in degree of supersaturation, very high nucleation rates and stable critical nucleus diameter of the order of a nanometre. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry