The structure of client language and drinking outcomes in project match.

Client language during Motivational Interviewing interventions is an important predictor of drinking outcomes, but there are inconsistencies in the literature regarding what aspects of client language are most predictive. We characterized the structure of client language by factor analyzing frequency counts of several categories of client speech. The results provide limited support for a model proposed by Miller et al. (2006) and Amrhein et al. (2003) but with some important differences. While Amrhein et al. (2003) found that only increasing strength in client commitment language predicted behavior change, the current study revealed that client language preparatory to commitment predicted drinking outcomes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Religious issues in the psychotherapy of former Fundamentalists.

Discusses psychological problems of former members of Fundamentalist Christian churches. Psychotherapy with these patients may entail consideration of religious questions as well as treatment of more usual psychological conflicts, which may still be related to the Fundamentalist background. An understanding of basic Fundamentalist tenets and practices, as well as an awareness of the centrality of religion in the Fundamentalist lifestyle, is helpful in treating such clients. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Lipids extracted from soy products by different procedures

Lipids in soybean defatted meal, concentrate and isolate were extracted by four procedures: (a) a Soxhlet extract by chloroform-methanol; (b) a Soxhlet extraction by benzene/ethanol; (c) a short extraction by chloroform/methanol; and (d) a short extraction by hexane/ethanol. Procedure 2 extracted more lipid than Procedure 1 from the isolate and meal. Both Soxhlet procedures extracted more lipid than Procedure 3 from the meal only, and more lipid than Procedure 4 from all products. Percent lipid on dry matter basis ranged for the meal, 1.56 to 4.52; concentrate 0.90 to 1.44; and isolate, 0.28 to 0.96. Lipids extracted from each product by Procedures 3 and 4 were fractionated quantitatively into (a) neutral lipids, (b) polar lipids except lecithin, and (c) lecithin. Fatty acid (C12–C20) composition of each lipid fraction was determined, and attempts were made to identify lipids. The larger amount of lipid in any product extracted by either Procedure 3 or 4 was in Fraction 1. Linoleic acid was the most abundant acid found in any lipid fraction. Significantly more oleic acid was found in Fractions I and II Concentrate lipids than in the same fractions of meal or isolate lipids. A number of lipids were found in Fractions I and II, but the only lipid in Fraction III was lecithin.     

SCALE-UP OF LAYER DRYERS: A UNIFIED APPROACH

Abstract

The concept of Specific Drying Rate is introduced for analysis of experimental drying data for layer dryers and as a convenient scale-up factor. In conjunction with data obtained from a batch laboratory simulation the method is applicable to most types of continuous layer dryers. Three illustrations of the use of this approach for scale-up are presented including a continuous convection heated rotary shelf dryer, an indirectly heated paddle dryer, and an indirectly heated plate dryer with heating zones.     

Removal of organic precursors by permanganate oxidation and alum coagulation

Much is known about the removal and reaction mechanisms of the naturally occurring precursors of trihalomethanes such as humic and fulvic acids. However, another class of precursors including phenols, anilines and aliphatic diketones has not been thoroughly investigated. This study shows that these truly soluble, monomeric precursors are poorly removed by alum coagulation. The use of permanganate preceding alum coagulation provides a good reduction of chloroform in water samples containing high proportions of monomeric precursors. The process was found to be less effective for water samples containing a high proportion of humic acid. This is possibly due to the degradation products from the permanganate oxidation of humic acid. These degradation products are not readily removed by alum coagulation and become available for subsequent chloroform formation.     

Therapists' conceptualizations of alcoholism: Measurement and implications for treatment decisions.

An understanding of alcoholism scale was developed and tested for assessing the beliefs of 170 treatment providers regarding the nature and causes of alcoholism. Two reliable factors emerged, the 1st of which blended disease, moral, and characterological models (the disease model beliefs subscale), and the 2nd of which emphasized psychosocial factors (the psychosocial beliefs subscale). High scorers on the disease model beliefs subscale were more likely to be in recovery themselves and showed less flexibility in setting treatment goals for clients in an analog task. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

SCALE-UP OF LAYER DRYERS: A UNIFIED APPROACH

The concept of Specific Drying Rate is introduced for analysis of experimental drying data for layer dryers and as a convenient scale-up factor. In conjunction with data obtained from a batch laboratory simulation the method is applicable to most types of continuous layer dryers. Three illustrations of the use of this approach for scale-up are presented including a continuous convection heated rotary shelf dryer, an indirectly heated paddle dryer, and an indirectly heated plate dryer with heating zones.