The effect of insulin on the function of the lysosomal apparatus of the neutrophilic leukocytes during the formation of a stress syndrome

In experiments on male rabbits with the lack of insulin it is been revealed violations after the past immobilization the intensivity and duration of neutrophilic leukocytosis decrease, contents of lysosomes in neutrophils, activity of acid phosphatase. By lysosomal ferments don't determine the can observer discordance of processes of coagulation, fibrinolysis, kininogenesis.     

Thermodynamic and Structural Properties of Sodium Lithium Niobate Solid Solutions

Thermodynamics of the Na_1−xLi _x NbO₃ system is investigated by high-temperature drop-solution calorimetry in molten 3Na₂O–4MoO₃ solvent at 973 K. Standard molar enthalpies of formation are derived. The estimated heats of transition between hypothetical and stable structures, lithium niobate and perovskite for NaNbO₃ and vice versa for LiNbO₃ are −6 kJ/mol and −10 kJ/mol, respectively. X-ray diffraction studies at room temperature showed for 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.14 there are three phases based on different ordering of the perovskite type lattice: orthorhombic with a quadrupled reduced perovskite cell at 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.02, orthorhombic with a doubled reduced perovskite cell at 0.015 ≤ x ≤ 0.14, and rhombohedral at 0.08 ≤ x ≤ 0.13. There are two two-phase (morphotropic) regions with coexistence of the two orthorhombic phases at 0.015 ≤ x ≤ 0.02 and with the second orthorhombic phase coexisting with the rhombohedral phase at 0.08 ≤ x ≤ 0.13. A reproducible anomaly in specific heat at ∼600 K, not reported previously, has been observed in pure NaNbO₃. Heat-capacity measurements confirm a phase transition at 553 K for 0.07 ≤ x ≤ 0.09. With increasing lithium concentration, a gradual disappearance of high-temperature phase transitions associated with tilting of oxygen octahedra has been observed.     

Polyclonal antibodies from blood and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis effectively hydrolyze DNA and RNA

It is known that in the blood of patients with some autoimmune diseases catalytically active antibodies hydrolyzing proteins, DNA, and RNA may be detected. In the present work homogeneous preparations of IgG antibodies (Ab) possessing high affinity for nucleic acids (NA) were obtained for the first time from blood and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The fraction of IgG Ab as well as its Fab fragments and isolated light chains of both kappa- and lambda-types were shown to catalyze effectively the hydrolysis of DNA and RNA. It is shown by different methods that the capability for nucleic acid hydrolysis is an intrinsic property of the polyclonal Ab. NA-hydrolyzing Ab were detected in the blood of 69 of 72 and in the cerebrospinal fluid of 5 of 5 examined MS patients, while they were not detected in the blood of any of 50 healthy donors examined. Comparison of relative rates of RNA hydrolysis and of the substrate specificity in hydrolysis of various model RNAs--cCMP, poly(U), poly(A), and poly(C)--revealed pronounced differences of MS antibodies from ribonucleases of human blood, ribonuclease A, and all earlier described abzymes. The abzymes are usually characterized by relatively low specific activities in comparison with that of normal enzymes catalyzing analogous reactions. Ab from the blood of MS patients are the first example of autoabzymes whose specific activity in RNA hydrolysis is comparable or even higher than that of pancreatic ribonuclease A--one of the most active RNA-hydrolyzing enzymes.     

Influence of phase hardening on transition broadening in a (1−x)NaNbO3−xLiNbO3 system

Dielectric methods are used to study phase-transition broadening in a (1−x)NaNbO₃− xLiNbO₃ system. It is observed that the lowest values correspond to regions of transition between implanted solid solutions and substitutional solid solutions with 0.05≤x≤0.07. It is shown that the degree of broadening of the phase transition may be varied by phase hardening. Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 25, 1–4 (October 26, 1999)     

Antiferroelectric-ferroelectric transition in binary systems of solid solutions based on sodium niobate

The dielectric properties of the (1−x)NaNbO_3−x KNbO₃ and (1− x)NaNbO_3−x PbTiO₃ systems are investigated. The antiferroelectric-ferroelectric transition regions are determined. It is established that in the (1−x)NaNbO_3−x KNbO₃ system the antiferroelectric phase is stable for x≤0.01 and the ferroelectric phase is stable for x≥0.0175; the transition from one phase into another occurs in the concentration range 0.01<x<0.0175. In the (1− x)NaNbO_3−x PbTiO₃ system the transition region lies in the range 0.07<x<0.11. Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 25, 1–5 (October 12, 1999)     

Antiferro-ferroelectric transition in the system (1−x)NaNbO3—xLiNbO3

The dielectric properties of the system (1−x)NaNbO₃—xLiNbO₃ are investigated. The antiferro-ferroelectric transition region is determined for the first time. It is found that the antiferroelectric phase is stable for x≤0.015, while the ferroelectric phase is stable for x≥0.0225. The transition from one phase to another occurs in the concentration range 0.015<x<0.0225. Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 25, 81–85 (September 26, 1999)     

Phase work hardening in lithium niobate ferroactive binary solid solutions

Acoustic emission, dilatometric, and dielectric methods have been used to study the characteristics of phase work hardening in lithium niobate ferroceramic samples. A correlation is established between the corresponding dependences for the third, fifth, and eighth thermal cycles in the phase transition region of the samples. It is hypothesized that the observed hardening characteristics are caused by annihilation of dislocations and their diffusion toward crystallite boundaries. Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 25, 68–70 (January 26, 1999)     

Comparative immunizing power of infections, salivary extracts, and intestinal extracts of Hyalomma marginatum marginatum in cattle

In Sardinia the close association of sheep, dogs and humans still exists in some parts of the region, so that ideal conditions persist for the perpetuation of the parasite's life cycle. Two factors contribute to the spread of the disease: the practice of slaughtering sheep at home and the proliferation of dogs, mainly strays. This paper reviews the epidemiological picture and the economic consequences of the disease in man and livestock, strongly suggesting that this endemic disease is a major public health problem.     

A New Version of the Scintillation Phase Procedure

The scintillation phase procedure based on measuring the counting rate of compounds labeled with tritium in a two-layer scintillation cocktail-aqueous solution system was modified. Previously this procedure was used primarily for studying sorption of proteins at the phase boundary. After certain modification, it became applicable to studying the kinetics of sorption and the equilibrium sorption of various compounds at the organic scintillation cocktail-aqueous solution boundary and to evaluating the distribution coefficients of compounds in this system. Two experimental modes are proposed: common two-layer system and drop system. The suitability of these procedures for determining the surface activity and hydrophobicity of organic compounds and for studying the permeability of the molecular layers adsorbed at the phase boundary is discussed.