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1.
Shannon Lee Scott L. Carnahan Georgiy Akopov Philip Yox Lin-Lin Wang Aaron J. Rossini Kui Wu Kirill Kovnir 《Advanced functional materials》2021,31(16):2010293
Noncentrosymmetric (NCS) tetrel pnictides have recently generated interest as nonlinear optical (NLO) materials due to their second harmonic generation (SHG) activity and large laser damage threshold (LDT). Herein nonmetal-rich silicon phosphides RuSi4P4 and IrSi3P3 are synthesized and characterized. Their crystal structures are reinvestigated using single crystal X-ray diffraction and 29Si and 31P magic angle spinning NMR. In agreement with previous report RuSi4P4 crystallizes in NCS space group P1, while IrSi3P3 is found to crystallize in NCS space group Cm, in contrast with the previously reported space group C2. A combination of DFT calculations and diffuse reflectance measurements reveals RuSi4P4 and IrSi3P3 to be wide bandgap (Eg) semiconductors, Eg = 1.9 and 1.8 eV, respectively. RuSi4P4 and IrSi3P3 outperform the current state-of-the-art infrared SHG material, AgGaS2, both in SHG activity and laser inducer damage threshold. Due to the combination of high thermal stabilities (up to 1373 K), wide bandgaps (≈2 eV), NCS crystal structures, strong SHG responses, and large LDT values, RuSi4P4 and IrSi3P3 are promising candidates for longer wavelength NLO materials. 相似文献
2.
Scientometrics - Engaging in the international academic environment is now facilitated by a range of Academic Social Networks (ASNs) that are being used by an increasing number of early career and... 相似文献
3.
Does life satisfaction moderate the effects of stressful life events on psychopathological behavior during adolescence? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Psychologists within a positive psychology framework have proposed the existence of a set of psychological strengths that buffer against the development of psychopathology. To date, most research efforts in positive psychology have focused on adults. This longitudinal study tested the prediction that adolescents' judgments of life satisfaction moderate the influence of stressful life events on the subsequent development of psychopathological behavior. Using a sample of 816 middle and high school students, the study demonstrated support for the moderational model for externalizing behavior outcomes, but not internalizing behavior problems. Specifically, adolescents with positive life satisfaction (vs. those who were dissatisfied with their lives) were less likely to develop later externalizing behaviors in the face of stressful life events. The study also revealed that adolescent life satisfaction reports show moderate stability across a one-year time frame and independently predict subsequent externalizing behavior even while controlling for prior levels of externalizing behavior... (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
4.
ESR spin trapping was used to investigate the reaction of rabbit cytochrome P450 (P450) 1A2 with cumene hydroperoxide. Cumene hydroperoxide-derived peroxyl, alkoxyl, and carbon-centered radicals were formed and trapped during the reaction. The relative contributions of each radical adduct to the composite ESR spectrum were influenced by the concentration of the spin trap. Computer simulation of the experimental data obtained at various 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) concentrations was used to quantitate the contributions of each radical adduct to the composite ESR spectrum. The alkoxyl radical was the initial radical produced during the reaction. Experiments with 2-methyl-2-nitrosopropane identified the carbon-centered adducts as those of the methyl radical, hydroxymethyl radical, and a secondary carbon-centered radical. The reaction did not require NADPH-cytochrome P450 reductase or NADPH. It is concluded that the reaction involves the initial homolytic scission of the peroxide O-O bond to produce the cumoxyl radical. Methyl radicals were produced from the beta-scission of the cumoxyl radical. The peroxyl adduct was not observed in the absence of molecular oxygen. We conclude that the DMPO peroxyl radical adduct detected in the presence of oxygen was due to the methylperoxyl radical formed by the reaction of the methyl radical with oxygen. At a higher P450 concentration, a protein-derived radical adduct was also detected. 相似文献
5.
OL Lopez RP Brenner JT Becker RF Ulrich F Boller ST DeKosky 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,48(6):1521-1525
We examined whether either psychotic features (e.g., delusions and hallucinations) or EEG abnormalities are associated with more rapid progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD patients with psychosis have exhibited more EEG abnormalities than those without psychosis, and both abnormal EEG and psychosis have been noted to be predictors of functional and cognitive decline in AD. Ninety-five probable AD patients participating in a longitudinal study of dementia had an EEG and a semistructured psychiatric interview at baseline. Using EEG spectral analysis, we classified records as normal/abnormal based on the parasagittal mean frequency. Patients with abnormal EEGs were more functionally (e.g., Blessed Rating Scale for activities of daily living) and cognitively (e.g., Mini-Mental State) impaired than patients with normal EEG. AD patients with psychosis were only more functionally impaired than patients without psychosis. A two-factor analysis showed no interaction between abnormal EEG and psychosis. In addition, using a Cox proportional hazard model adjusted for age and education, the presence of an abnormal EEG or psychotic symptom at study entry was associated with higher risk of reaching severe cognitive and functional impairment during follow-up. Neither abnormal EEG nor the presence of psychosis predicted death. These results indicate that both abnormal EEG and psychosis are independent predictors of disease progression but not of physical survival. 相似文献
6.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of preoperative localization studies on the surgical management of patients with primary hyperparathyroid disease (PHPT). SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Reported cure rates of initial surgical exploration for PHPT are close to 95%. Preoperative localization studies are frequently obtained to improve surgical success and decrease operative time. METHODS: Initial cervical exploration was performed in 113 patients with PHPT from 1981 to 1993. Twenty-four patients (21%) had surgery without preoperative localization studies. The remaining 89 patients (79%) had 132 noninvasive preoperative localization studies. Success of the localization studies in tumor localization, pathologic findings, postoperative serum calcium levels, and operative times were compared. Patient costs of the studies were calculated. RESULTS: Disease was identified during operation in 23 of 24 patients (96%) having cervical exploration without preoperative localization studies, and they had normal calcium levels after surgery. Eighty-seven of 89 patients (98%) having preoperative localization studies were surgically cured. The highest sensitivity rate (60%) and highest positive predictive value (79%) of the localization studies were found with thallium-technetium scintiscanning. Average cost of the localization studies was $901 per patient. Combination studies were obtained in 32 patients at an average cost of $1,314 per patient without improving sensitivity. Mean operating time did not differ for localized and nonlocalized patients. CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative localization studies did not improve parathyroid localization or cure rate and did not substantially shorten operating time in initial cervical exploration for PHPT. The economic burden of routine preoperative localization studies in these patients is not justified. 相似文献
7.
LJ Jones RH Upson RP Haugland N Panchuk-Voloshina M Zhou RP Haugland 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,251(2):144-152
We have prepared casein conjugates of two BODIPY dyes for use as fluorogenic protease substrates in homogeneous assays. Both conjugates are labeled to such an extent that the dyes are efficiently quenched in the protein, yielding virtually nonfluorescent substrate molecules. These fluorogenic substrates release highly fluorescent BODIPY dye-labeled peptides upon protease digestion, with fluorescence increases proportional to enzyme activity. These quenched substrates are suitable for the continuous assay of enzymatic activity using standard fluorometers, filter fluorometers, or fluorescence microplate readers using either fluorescein excitation and emission wavelengths to measure BODIPY FL casein hydrolysis or Texas Red wavelengths to detect proteolysis of BODIPY TR-X casein. Most current techniques for detecting protease activity, such as the fluorescein thiocarbamoyl casein (FTC-casein) protease assay, require extensive manipulation, including separation steps, and are therefore labor intensive and error-prone. In comparison, we found the BODIPY dye-labeled casein protease assays to be simple and precise and to have greater sensitivity and a broader dynamic range of detection than the FTC-casein assay. We were able to sensitively detect the activities of a wide variety of enzymes with these new substrates, including serine, acid, sulfhydryl, and metalloproteases. We also found the assay suitable for quantitating protease inhibitor concentrations and for real-time analysis of proteolysis. 相似文献
8.
9.
RJ Linnola RP Happonen OH Andersson E Vedel AU Yli-Urpo U Krause L Laatikainen 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,63(4):471-478
The current problem with keratoprosthesis is the ingrowth of corneal or conjunctival epithelium into the anterior chamber. This may lead to infections and extrusion of the prosthesis as well as to the development of retroprosthetic membrane and secondary glaucoma. Glass-ceramic coated and uncoated titanium has been tested as material for the keratoprosthesis to prevent epithelial ingrowth. Twenty-two Supra-Descemet's membrane keratoprostheses were inserted in the eyes of 22 rabbits for 1, 2, 4, 8, or 12 months. The prosthesis had an optic part made of polymethylmetacrylate (PMMA). The support for the optic part and the flange of the prosthesis were made of titanium. Eleven of the prostheses were coated with glass-ceramic. The histological sections of the enucleated eyes were prepared through the central part of the cornea and the prosthesis using a cutting-grinding method. The histological analysis was made on both halves of the implants separately giving two analysis areas in each eye. All 11 titanium prostheses were retained for the time period planned. Two glass-ceramic coated prostheses were lost at 2 and 4 weeks, respectively. This was caused by difficulties at surgery due to a thick coating. These eyes were excluded from the histological analysis. No significant ingrowth of epithelium was seen in 15/18 (83%) and in 16/22 (73%) of the analysed areas of the glass-ceramic coated and titanium prostheses, respectively. Titanium appears to be a suitable material for the keratoprosthesis. The ingrowth of the epithelium may be hindered further by coating the titanium with bioactive glass-ceramic. 相似文献
10.
All leaders in health care today are charged with the responsibility of transforming present practices into new and different ones that are needed for the future. The structural side of transforming is ultimately easier than the human side. However, the most frequent failures come from not concentrating sufficiently on the behavioral side of the change. Structural and psychological change must occur simultaneously and embrace each other for best results. 相似文献