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1.
Joseph Stephen; Linley P. Alex; Andrews Leanne; Harris George; Howle Barry; Woodward Clare; Shevlin Mark 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2005,17(1):70
The Changes in Outlook Questionnaire (CiOQ; S. Joseph, R. Williams, & W. Yule, 1993) is a 26-item self-report measure that was designed to assess positive and negative changes in the aftermath of adversity. This article had 3 aims: 1st, to investigate the factor structure of the CiOQ; 2nd, to test for internal consistency reliability and convergent and discriminant validity; and, 3rd, to investigate the association between positive and negative changes in outlook, posttraumatic stress, and psychological distress. Three studies are reported. Study 1 provides evidence that positive and negative changes are statistically separable and that the 2-factor model is a better fit than the 1-factor model. Studies 2 and 3 provide evidence for internal consistency reliability, convergent and discriminant validity of the CiOQ, and its associations with posttraumatic stress and psychological distress. In conclusion, the CiOQ has much promise for research on responses to stressful and traumatic events. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
2.
Armour Cherie; McBride Orla; Shevlin Mark; Adamson Gary 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2011,3(2):139
The Simms et al. (2002) four-factor structure of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has been supported in many factor analytic studies, and the specificity of the dysphoria factor has been questioned because of its strong associations with measures of depression and anxiety. This study addressed this issue by conducting a confirmatory factor analysis while controlling for the symptoms of major depression (MD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Data from individuals who satisfied Criterion A of the diagnostic criteria for a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM–IV) diagnosis of PTSD (n = 12,467) in the 2004–2005 National Epidemiologic Study on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) were used in the analysis. The results showed that after controlling for MD and GAD, the factor loadings for dysphoria items were significantly attenuated, although they remained relatively high and statistically significant. The present findings contribute to the debate regarding how PTSD should be conceptualized and assessed in future issues of the DSM. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
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Yurong Lai Po-Chang Chiang Jason D. Blom Na Li Kimberly Shevlin Timothy G. Brayman Yiding Hu Jon G. Selbo Liangbiao George Hu 《Nanoscale research letters》2008,3(9):321-329
In present study, the potential drug delivery of nanoformulations was validated via the comparison of cellular uptake of nanoparticles
in various cell lines and in vivo pulmonary cellular uptake in intratracheally (IT) dosed rat model. Nanoparticles were prepared
by a bench scale wet milling device and incubated with a series of cell lines, including Caco-2, RAW, MDCK and MDCK transfected
MDR1 cells. IT dosed rats were examined for the pulmonary cellular uptake of nanoparticles. The processes of nanoparticle
preparation did not alter the crystalline state of the material. The uptake of nanoparticles was observed most extensively
in RAW cells and the least in Caco-2 cells. Efflux transporter P-gp did not prevent cell from nanoparticles uptake. The cellular
uptake of nanoparticles was also confirmed in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid cells and in bronchiolar epithelial cells,
type II alveolar epithelial cells in the intratracheally administrated rats. The nanoparticles uptake in MDCK, RAW cells and
in vivo lung epithelial cells indicated the potential applications of nanoformulation for poorly soluble compounds. The observed
limited direct uptake of nanoparticles in Caco-2 cells suggests that the improvement in oral bioavailability by particle size
reduction is via increased dissolution rate rather than direct uptake. 相似文献
5.
As a result of changes in manufacturing including an upward trend in automation and the advent of the fourth industrial revolution, the requirement for supervisory monitoring and consequently, cognitive demand has increased in automated manufacturing. The incidence of musculoskeletal disorders has also increased in the manufacturing sector. A model was developed based on survey data to test if distress and worry mediate the relationship between psychosocial factors (job control, cognitive demand, social isolation and skill discretion), stress states and symptoms of upper body musculoskeletal disorders in highly automated manufacturing companies (n = 235). These constructs facilitated the development of a statistically significant model (RMSEA 0.057, TLI 0.924, CFI 0.935). Cognitive demand was shown to be related to higher distress in employees, and distress to a higher incidence of self-reported shoulder and lower back symptoms. The mediation model incorporating stress states (distress, worry) as mediators is a novel approach in linking psychosocial risks to musculoskeletal disorders.
Practitioners’ Summary
With little requirement for physical work in many modern automated manufacturing workplaces, there is often minimal management focus on Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMSDs) as important occupational health problems. Our model provides evidence that psychosocial factors are important risk factors in symptoms of WRMSD and should be managed. 相似文献
6.
Heparin-induced skin necrosis at the injection site is a rare adverse effect, more commonly associated with standard heparins than with low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH) and its mechanism remains unclear. We report a case of LMWH-induced skin necrosis in a female during prophylactic treatment with LMWH after a surgical procedure. Determination of heparin-platelet-factor-4(PF4)-induced antibodies was positive. This case describes the occurrence of LMWH-induced skin necrosis and antibodies to heparin-PF4 complex, suggesting that this effect is more frequent than previously suspected. 相似文献
7.
This study assessed the factor structure of the Impact of Event Scale (IES), a measure of intrusion and avoidance, using a sample of World War II and Korean War veterans who had experienced combat 40–50 years earlier. A series of 3 confirmatory factor analytic models were specified and estimated using LISREL 8.3. Model 1 specified a 1-factor model. Model 2 specified a correlated 2-factor model. Model 3 specfied a 2-factor model with additional cross-factor loadings for Items 2 and 12. Model 3 was found to fit the data. In addition, this model was found to be a better explanation of the data than the other models. Also in addition, the correlations between the Intrusion and Avoidance factors and the 4 subscales of the 28-item General Health Questionnaire were examined to determine the distinctiveness of the two IES factors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
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In this article, we consider the contribution of special education approaches to MI (multiple intelligences) schooling. We argue that mainstream education is constructed on a flawed notion of intelligence and consequently disables many learners, perhaps even the majority of them. In this context, we suggest that approaches common in special education have a wider application in mainstream education than is generally supposed. This is particularly true from the perspective that students in mainstream education are multiply intelligent. Inclusive educators have suggested that special education approaches have merit in non-special education environments. For those who work in mainstream education, however, special education approaches, insofar as they are thought of at all, are thought of as deficit approaches. We propose that insights from a combination of the theory of multiple intelligences and special education perspectives can reformulate mainstream education to begin to respond effectively to the diverse needs of all learners. 相似文献
9.
This study tested alternative factor models of the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), based on previous research findings, with a large sample using confirmatory factor analysis. An alternative models framework was used to test 6 factor analytic models. A 3-factor model was the best explanation of the sample data. The 3 factors were labeled Anxiety-Depression, Social Dysfunction, and Loss of Confidence. The model was found to be factorially invariant between men and women. The utility of the 3 subscales, as opposed to the total GHQ-12 score, is questioned as they appear to provide little information beyond that of a general factor. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
10.
Two‐dimensional NMR spectroscopic studies (HECTOR and NOESY) have confirmed that the copolymer of diethyl diallylmalonate with sulfur dioxide consists predominately of cis‐linked cyclopentane rings. When the cyclopolymerization is carried out at 81°C in acetonitrile, the ratio of cis to trans linkages is 4.3 : 1. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 3477–3480, 2004 相似文献