基于线结构光旋转扫描和光条纹修复的三维视觉测量技术研究

非接触式三维视觉测量广泛应用在工业制造质量检测中。针对工业金属零部件检测的应用场景,提出了一种基于线结构光旋转扫描和光条纹修复的三维视觉测量方案。首先,通过基于线结构光投影的计算机视觉技术,设计了线结构光旋转扫描视觉子系统,并对工业相机、线结构光平面和旋转扫描中心轴进行标定;然后,针对采集到的光条纹图像存在低灰度区域缺失数据的问题,提出了基于缺失区域自适应灰度增强的光条纹中心线提取算法,有效修复了被测零部件的线结构光投影条纹;同时,利用文中提出的线结构光三维视觉测量方案,通过重建标准球棒的表面点云计算两球直径和球间距来评价测量系统的精度,测量系统精度优于0.06 mm;最后,进行金属轮毂外轮廓形貌测量,通过重复性实验计算轮毂外轮廓最大半径,验证重复性误差优于0.03%。实验结果表明:该方法可以无损伤、高效率、高精度地实现工业金属零部件三维测量,弥补了接触式三维测量方法的缺陷。     

论LD31铝合金型材“白点”产生原因及防止措施

通过到LD31铝合金型材产生的“白点”缺陷进行研究，找出了其产生的原因是铸锭的组织缺陷-疏松和气孔所致，进而结合生产实际提出了行之有效的防止措施。     

龙河石板水水电站工程优化设计述评

龙河水能资源丰富，开发条件优越。近２０年来，地区力争按原干流规划方案和停工的一期工程复工，但因淹没损失、政策和行政区划等因素始终不能实现。后经过优化一期开发工程继而调整了干流规划方案，从而启动了龙河开发。在一期工程石板水混合式电站建设中，又进一步完成了多项工程优化设计，确保了工程质量，节省了工程投资，促进了电站提前上网发电，为龙河梯级滚动开发奠定了坚实的基础。     

消费领域用能特征探究

根据使用过程特征,可以将用能行为分成生产领域用能与消费领域用能。前者提供产品,后者提供服务。消费领域与生产领域用能存在不同特征,其评价方法、节能途径、战略政策等也存在差别。考虑到这一领域能耗可能是我国下一阶段能耗增长点,在节能领域需要对其给予足够的重视。本文在分析消费领域用能特征的基础上,提出对其的衡量方式和节能途径,并针对我国目前消费领域用能的现状给出建议。     

[智能设计与计划调度]大数据在设备健康预测和备件补货中的应用

提出了一种设备健康预测和库存优化方法。使用自编码器提取监测信号特征,基于深度神经网络模型进行时序预测,构建设备健康度指标;采用统计分布判定和参数拟合的预测方法实现库存优化;最后,根据设备健康状态与备件数量实现生产主动预警。实例结果表明,该方法预测精度高于LSTM算法,可对设备故障进行精确预警,且备件库存优化模型的可靠性高达90.4%,可有效减少备件库存。     

Ferulic acid and EGCG alter the structural characteristics of ovalbumin and its application in mineral loading

This study aims to fabricate mineral-loading nanocarriers using natural materials. The interaction patterns between ovalbumin (OVA) and four water-soluble polyphenols, namely ferulic acid (FA), (-)-Epigallo-catechin 3-gallate (EGCG), gallic acid (GA) and epicatechin (EC), were investigated. Results showed that the optimised conditions for preparing stable OVA–polyphenol complexes are at the OVA–polyphenol ratio of 4:1 at pH 6, under which OVA–FA and OVA–EGCG showed the highest stability and mineral-loading capacity among four OVA–polyphenol complexes. The fluorescence results indicated that the addition of EGCG and FA induced a significant fluorescence quenching to OVA. The interaction between OVA and polyphenols involved hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interaction and electrostatic interaction. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis suggested that both FA and EGCG enhanced the stability and orderliness of the structure of OVA. The transmission electron microscopy images also exhibited the spherical structure of OVA after the addition of FA and EGCG. Furthermore, scanning electron microscope–energy dispersive X-ray spectrum results suggested that OVA–FA and OVA–EGCG complexes were better mineral carriers than OVA–GA and OVA–EC. This study may serve as the theoretical support for the promising application of OVA in the fabrication of mineral-loading nanocarriers in functional food and pharmaceutic.     

石墨烯及其衍生物复掺纤维水泥基复合材料研究进展

石墨烯(G)/氧化石墨烯(GO)以其优异的力学、导电以及导热性能在改善水泥基材料力学以及功能性等方面表现出良好的应用前景。然而,这些纳米材料在水泥基材料中难以分散,限制了它们在水泥基复合材料中的实际应用。近些年来,研究者们开始将纤维同这些纳米材料复掺到水泥基材料中,其分散性能得到了很大的提升。从材料在水泥基中分散问题、水泥水化过程、力学性能、功能性、耐久性能等5个方面系统地阐述了石墨烯及氧化石墨烯和其他纤维混杂对于水泥基复合材料的影响,对今后水泥基复合材料性能的提升具有指导作用。     

GA-PLS方法提取土壤水盐光谱特征的精度分析

光谱定量遥感已成为土壤盐渍化大尺度调查的有效手段之一,但黄河三角洲地区盐渍化土壤的光谱响应特征尚未明确。以黄河三角洲野外测定土壤体积含水率、电导率为例,应用遗传偏最小二乘法(GA-PLS)在小样本集条件下提取盐渍土壤的水分-盐分的光谱响应特征,利用蒙特卡罗方法随机模拟结果表明:在不同土壤水盐含量条件下,GA-PLS方法所提取的光谱特征具有鲁棒性,含水率模型稳定在23个波段变量,即响应特征为365~425,500~515,720~740,755~765与955~965 nm;土壤电导率模型的特征集数目为20个波段变量,特征为370~385,405~425\,500~535,650~660,755~760与1 030~1 050 nm。实验在不同预处理模型下,GA-PLS算法所建立水盐光谱模型较PLSR模型均显示出更高的精度。其中,包络线预处理方法与GA-PLS算法相结合效果最优,其水分光谱模型测试集拟合精度(R²),预测残差平方和(PRSS)与残差预测方差(RPD)分别为0.88,9.36与15.80;土壤光谱模型测试集精度R²,PRSS与RPD分别为0.71,15.68与13.76。     

Geochemistry of the upper Han River basin, China: 2: Seasonal variations in major ion compositions and contribution of precipitation chemistry to the dissolved load

A total of 252 water samples were collected from 42 sites across the upper Han River basin during the time period from 2005–2006. Major ions (Cl⁻, NO₃⁻, SO₄²⁻, HCO₃⁻, Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺), Si, water temperature, pH, EC and TDS were determined and consequently correlation matrix, analysis of variance, factor analysis and principal component analysis were performed in order to identify their seasonal variations and atmospheric inputs into river solutes. The results reveal that pH, EC, TDS, Cl⁻, SO₄²⁻, HCO₃⁻, Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺, K⁺ and Si generally tend to show the minimum compositions in months belong to the rainy season, while the dry season for NO₃⁻ and Na⁺. NO₃⁻, Mg²⁺ and Si have the maximum concentrations in months belong to the rainy season. By comparing the major ions relating to hydrological regime, NO₃⁻, contrary to other elements, has higher concentration in the rainy season. The overall water quality is non-polluted, while there are indications of enrichment of inorganic anions including NO₃⁻ causing water entrophication in the near future. The atmospheric inputs contribute to river solutes is limited with a mean inputs of approximate 1% in the basin. The understanding of the major ion dynamics would help water quality conservation in the basin for China's interbasin water transfer project.     

Synthesis,structure and photocatalysis properties of two 3D Isostructural Ln (III)-MOFs based 2,6-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid

Two new 3D metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) named [Pr₂(PDA)₃·3H₂O]·H₂O (1) and [Nd₂(PDA)₃·3H₂O]·H₂O (2) [2,6-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid (H₂PDA)] were synthesized by solvothermal method. They were characterized by elemental analyses (EA), infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), photocatalysis performance and single crystal X-ray diffraction studies (XRD). The XRD analysis indicated that MOFs (1) and (2) both belong to the monoclinic system with space group P2(1)/C. The structural model were drawn by the diamond software, and the structure revel that MOFs (1) and (2) adopt three-dimensional (3D) frameworks constructed by cross-linking of one-dimensional (1D) infinite chain secondary building unit (SBU) by 2,6-Pyridinedicarboxylic acid and hydrogen bond as linker. These frameworks feature channels inside which coordinated H₂O solvent molecules are located. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that both MOFs are thermally stable, the photocatalytic evaluation showed the materials have a good prospect in degration methylene blue. As for complex 1, the decomposition efficiency of Methylene blue was about 91.08% after 130?min and the complex 2 reach 90.45% after 160?min under the sun light.