Individual-Level Store Visit Analysis Using A Spatial Segmentation Model

Using store purchase record (panel) data, we propose a model to analyze individual store preference by incorporating store location and the residential area of the customer. The proposed model has the following three characteristics First, since the model estimates parameters for each customer, it is possible to observe customer heterogeneity. The model incorporates not only individual heterogeneity, but also the time trend. Second, the model enables trade area analysis through the use of prior structure. By assuming a hierarchical structure for the model, it is possible to estimate the store visit probabilities of each geo-demographic segment. Third, by incorporating a spatial lag model into the prior structure of geographic parameters, it is possible to complement missing data to supply information from neighboring regions. Therefore, the cost of market survey research is likely to reduce with the application of the proposed spatial lag model.

     

Distribution of academic research funds: a case of Japanese national research grant

Drawing on a database of the competitive research funds in the Japanese academia, this study examines the distribution of research grants at the university and individual levels. The data indicates high inequality at the university level and slightly lower inequality at the individual level. Over the last three decades, the total grant budget has greatly increased and an increasing number of researchers have received the funds. Simultaneously, large-size grants have become more common and multiple awarding (i.e., one researcher receives more than one grant simultaneously) has become more frequent. These changes taken together, the level of inequality has not been changed substantially. The extent of inequality largely differs between scientific fields; especially high in basic natural sciences and relatively low in social sciences. A close examination of inequality over researchers’ career indicates different patterns of transition between fields and cohorts. Finally, both at the university and individual levels, the funding distribution is found more unequal than the distribution of publications as an output indicator.     

光学透明级对比度增强胶膜(CEF)的性能研究

报道了一种新型的光学透明级对比度增强胶膜CEF(Contrast Enhancement Film).并对CEF的对比度增强效果、光学性能和环境可靠性能做了研究.显示效果分析表明,粘贴CEF后,可以提高显示图像的时比度和亮度,特别是强光线条件下的对比度.光学性能测试结果表明,CEF具有优异的光学性能,其透光率大于99%...     

Dimethyl Fumarate Promotes the Survival of Retinal Ganglion Cells after Optic Nerve Injury,Possibly through the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway

This study aimed to verify whether dimethyl fumarate (DMF) promotes the survival of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) after optic nerve crush (ONC) accompanied by activation of the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway. We examined changes in the densities of tubulin β3 (TUBB3)-positive RGCs and the amplitudes of the positive scotopic threshold response (pSTR), reflecting the functional activity of RGCs, recorded on an electroretinogram, with daily administration of DMF, on day 7 after ONC. Furthermore, immunohistochemical and immunoblotting analyses were performed to study the activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway using retinas treated with daily administration of DMF. Daily administration of DMF increasedthe density of TUBB3-positive RGCs in a dose-dependent fashion and significantly increased the amplitude of the pSTR. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that DMF administration increased the immunoreactivity for Nrf2 and HO-1, a potent antioxidant enzyme, in RGCs immunolabeled with RNA-binding protein with multiple splicing (RBPMS). Immunoblotting analysis revealed an increase in the nuclear expression of Nrf2 and marked upregulation of HO-1 after DMF administration. These results suggest that DMF has survival-promoting effects in RGC after ONC, possibly via the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.     

Electrochemical copolymerization of aniline and aniline-2,5-disulfonic acid

Electrochemical copolymerization of aniline and aniline-2,5-disulfonic acid (ADSA) was carried out in HCl solutions. The presence of ADSA inhibited significantly the growth of polyaniline (PAn), although the voltammetry of the copolymer was still similar to that of conventional PAn. As the ADSA concentration increased, the deposition rate of the copolymer decreased rapidly and finally no solid film was deposited on the electrode surface. When the ADSA concentration was lower than ˜ 5 mM, the depression effect of ADSA on the growth rate of the copolymer is mainly due to its stronger adsorption at the electrode surface. For higher ADSA concentrations, the inhibiting effect of ADSA was dominated by its termination effects, which led to more soluble oligomers and in turn resulted in lower deposition efficiency. Electrolysis of ADSA solution might result in a water-soluble fully sulfonated PAn.     

Introducing a novelty indicator for scientific research: validating the knowledge-based combinatorial approach

Scientometrics - Citation counts have long been considered as the primary bibliographic indicator for evaluating the quality of research—a practice premised on the assumption that citation...