Characteristics of organic light emitting diodes with copper iodide as injection layer

We have studied the use of a thin copper iodide (CuI) film as an efficient injection layer of holes from indium tin oxide (ITO) anode in a light-emitting diode structure based on tris-8-hydroxyquinoline aluminium (Alq3). The results of impedance analysis of two types of diode structures, ITO/CuI/Alq3/poly(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether/Al and ITO/Alq3/poly(ethylene glycol) dimethyl ether/Al, are presented. Comparative analysis of their current density-voltage, luminance-voltage and impedance characteristics shows that presence of CuI layer facilitates injection of holes from ITO anode into the light-emitting layer Alq3 and increases electroluminescence efficiency of the organic light emitting diodes.     

Review of Working it out: Using exercise in psychotherapy.

Reviews the book, Working it out: Using exercise in psychotherapy by Kate F. Hays (1999). In this well-organized book, Kate Hays presents exercise as a important component of a multi-modal approach to therapy. The overall content is differentiated into four major sections, in the first of which Hays establishes the value of exercise. The second section moves from theory to the use of exercise as a therapeutic tool. Outlined in the third section are the "Psychological Benefits of Exercise with Specific Populations," overviewing many common clinical populations and specific exercise-based treatment recommendations. The fourth section, "Caveats and Boundaries," is just that, an important collection of chapters that did not find a place elsewhere in the book. This book contributes to a practical and applied view of the synergistic interaction of mind and body. Its essential message adds to the base of literature having the potential to influence private and public programs promoting health and well-being. This book ought to be well received by students and professionals such as educators, clinicians and counsellors of varied disciplines, physicians, physiotherapists, and social workers. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Specialty endodontics: diagnostic challenges, Part 2

Endodontic diagnosis and treatment can range from simple to extremely complex. But no matter how simple a case may seem, a thorough examination by the treating endodontist is imperative before any treatment is done. Taking the time to perform an examination in a consistent and methodical approach can rescue the patient from unnecessary treatment, and the treating dentist from potential liability. The patient may be frustrated from repeating many of the same tests performed by the referring dentist, but this situation can be resolved with clear communication from the general dentist and the endodontist as to the benefits of the endodontist's exam. With proper communication, patients will recognize that their general dentist and endodontist are concerned that they receive the best of care.     

Measuring the information needs of husbands of women with breast cancer: validity and reliability of the Family Inventory of Needs--husbands

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: A two-phase study was undertaken to test the Family Inventory of Needs--Husbands (FIN-H), a tool designed to measure the information needs of husbands of women with breast cancer and the extent to which these needs are met. DESIGN: Methodologic survey. SAMPLES: Phase I: a panel of 6 husbands; phase II: 84 husbands of women with breast cancer. METHODS: Panel of expert ratings followed by pilot test of the two-part survey. FINDINGS: In phase I, husbands assessed the FIN-H for clarity, internal consistency, and content validity. All preset criteria were met. In phase II, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and internal validity were assessed. Internal consistency estimates as measured by Cronbach's standardized alpha coefficients were 0.91 and 0.93. Test-retest correlations were 0.82 and 0.76 (p = 0.0001). Exploratory factor analysis suggested that the FIN-H consists of five factors. CONCLUSIONS: Initial results suggest that the FIN-H is reliable and valid. Further testing is needed to confirm these results. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Before nurses can address the information needs of husbands of women with breast cancer, use of a reliable and valid assessment tool is recommended.     

Effects of under- and overextraction on principal axis factor analysis with varimax rotation.

The effects of under- and overextraction on principal axis factor analysis with varimax rotation were examined in 2 Monte Carlo studies involving 6,420 factor analyses. It was found that (a) when underextraction occurs, the estimated factors are likely to contain considerable error; (b) when overextraction occurs, the estimated loadings for true factors usually contain substantially less error than in the case of underextraction; and (c) overextraction can result in factor splitting when a general factor is present and there are no unique variables in the data set. The authors recommend that factor analysts (a) use effective methods to estimate the number of factors; (b) avoid underextraction, even at the risk of overextraction; and (c) include randomly generated unique variables as "insurance" against factor splitting when a general factor mat be present. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Review of Minding the body: Clinical uses of somatic awareness.

Reviews the book, Minding the body: Clinical uses of somatic awareness by Donald A. Bakal (see record 1999-02384-000). Bakal explains his book as one that "provides a unique framework to help individuals understand what they can do within themselves to maintain health and to maximize their chances of recovery should they become ill". By the reviewers reading of the book, this might be expressed more accurately by saying that the book "provides a framework to help the psychologist, physician, or other health care practitioner to understand an underappreciated dimension of health and well-being that lies within the clients' sphere of control." This book is not for the lay person. It points the professional person in the direction of somatic therapies by providing a wealth of references, case examples, and specific target populations for application of techniques related to somatic awareness. For a clinician wishing to expand and integrate somatic therapies into his or her practice, the book is wanting in practical application, but hopefully will stimulate the interested clinician to further explore the wealth of books written on the somatic therapies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The psychological unconscious: Found, lost, and regained.

In response to A. G. Greenwald's (see record 1992-33868-001) article on contemporary research on unconscious mental processes, 3 issues are addressed: (1) the independence of much recent research and theory from psychodynamic formulations; (2) the broad sweep of the psychological unconscious, including implicit perception, memory, thought, learning, and emotion; and (3) the possibility that the analytic power of unconscious processing may depend both on the manner in which mental contents are rendered unconscious and the manner in which they are to be processed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)