Dual effect synergistically triggered Ce:(Y,Tb)3(Al,Mn)5O12 transparent ceramics enabling a high color-rendering index and excellent thermal stability for white LEDs

Ce:Y₃Al₅O₁₂ transparent ceramics (TCs) with appropriate emission light proportion and high thermal stability are significant to construct white light emitting diode devices with excellent chromaticity parameters. In this work, strategies of controlling crystal-field splitting around Ce³⁺ ion and doping orange-red emitting ion, were adopted to fabricate Ce:(Y,Tb)₃(Al,Mn)₅O₁₂ TCs via vacuum sintering technique. Notably, 85.4 % of the room-temperature luminescence intensity of the TC was retained at 150 °C, and the color rendering index was as high as 79.8. Furthermore, a 12 nm red shift and a 16.2 % increase of full width at half maximum were achieved owing to the synergistic effects of Tb³⁺ and Mn²⁺ ions. By combining TCs with a 460 nm blue chip, a warm white light with a low correlated color temperature of 4155 K was acquired. Meanwhile, the action mechanism of Tb³⁺ ion and the energy transfer between Ce³⁺ and Mn²⁺ ions were verified in prepared TCs.     

In situ efficiency of filters in residential central HVAC systems

High-efficiency filtration in residential forced-air heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems protects equipment and can reduce exposure to particulate matter. Laboratory tests provide a measure of the nominal efficiency, but they may not accurately reflect the in situ efficiency of the filters because of variations in system conditions and changes in filter performance over time. The primary focus of this paper is to evaluate the effective filtration efficiency, which is inclusive of any loading and system impacts, in 21 occupied residential homes through in-duct concentration measurements. We considered the role of filter media by testing both electret and non-electret media, as well as the role of loading by considering new and used filters. The results show that filters with higher nominal efficiency generally had higher effective filtration efficiency in the same home. In terms of performance change, there is no significant difference in efficiency between initial and 3-month non-electret filters, but the efficiency of electret filters generally decreased over time. However, both nominal efficiency and performance change were vastly overshadowed by the wide variety in loading and system conditions across homes, making it hard to predict filter efficiency in a given home without in situ measurements.     

空间红外大口径折射式低温镜头设计与验证

针对目标探测类空间红外相机大范围成像、高灵敏度探测、高精度定位等应用需求,文中提出采用像方远心光路和低温光学技术结合的解决方案,设计了物方视场角8°×8°、入瞳口径265 mm、工作温度200 K的像方远心折射式光学系统。镜头最大口径280 mm,采用多级分散的弹性支撑设计,解决大口径低温透镜装框、透镜组件支撑和镜头整体安装各环节的热应力卸载问题。在保证高刚度和低漏热的情况下,使低温下透镜的热应力对镜头能量集中度的影响降低到可接受范围内。镜头完成装调及室温下像质确认后,进行了力学振动试验,并将其制冷到200 K水平测试像质,测试结果表明,镜头能量集中度达到轴上75%,边缘视场72%。     

面向大规模定制的虚拟设计研究

综述了大规模定制的范围经济性和面向大规模定制的基本设计方法，并提出了一个虚拟设计框架，该框架改变了传统的设计模式，利用先进的设计方法学和仿真支撑技术为产品开发提供了最大柔性和敏捷性。同时，它提供了一个多学科合作的设计环境，用户直接参与进设计循环中。最后，结合新型剑杆织机的开发，展示了一个能够支持新产品快速成功开发的虚拟设计环境。     

压力机八杆内滑块机构的优化设计

提出用拉深区速度波动量、拉深速度、拉深深度、拉深角为评价压力机八杆内滑块机构性能优劣的指标。根据机构优化设计理论，用步长搜索法对其进行了优化设计，优化出多组以上指标均好于原机构的方案，并且最大压力角比原机构减小很多，其运动学性能超过原机构水平。     

电磁式电压互感器谐波电压测量准确性的仿真与试验研究

在分析电磁式电压互感器(TV)的结构和工作原理的基础上,对TV的谐波等效电路进行了介绍,并对简化谐波等效电路及其传递函数进行了分析.根据TV的谐波等效电路建立了Simulink仿真模型,通过仿真计算,探究其对不同频率下的谐波电压测量的准确性.设计了相应的物理试验平台,开展了TV谐波测量误差分析的试验研究.仿真和试验结果表明,低次谐波下TV能进行准确的测量,而当谐波次数较高时TV的测量误差随之增加,不满足测量准确性要求.     

卡塞格林式星敏感器杂散光分析

卡塞格林系统是新型星敏感器的光学系统,具有口径大、体积小的优点,但外界杂散光对卡塞格林系统的影响很大。介绍了一种焦距为425mm,口径为102mm的卡塞格林系统,考虑轴外渐晕的影响,给出星敏感器主遮光罩以及主、次遮光罩的设计方法。这种设计方法相比于其他方法更加便捷和精准。并用Tracepro对系统进行杂散光分析。计算得到点源垂直照度透射比（Point Source Transmittance,PST）曲线。分析结果表明,当杂散光入射角大于临界角30°时,PST值小于10-8量级,满足系统使用要求。证明设计方法是可行的。     

高频供电条件下的PCB定子盘式永磁电机绕组优化设计

PCB定子盘式永磁无铁心电机的定子采用印制电路板(printed circuit board,PCB)结构,其电机的损耗主要来源于绕组上的交流附加铜耗和直流铜耗,因此定子绕组的设计直接影响电机整体性能。针对应用在较高频率且工况稳定的PCB电机,该文提出一种新型分布式绕组。首先建立反电势、直流铜耗、交流附加铜耗和电阻的解析表达式,分析PCB电机的空载特性。其次,以提高电机的效率为目的,提出在绕组有效导体部分加入绝缘材料。对新型绕组进行优化找到最合适的导体线宽,然后根据有限元理论对比分析新型分布式绕组和已有绕组负载特性。结果表明新型绕组不仅可以降低总铜耗,提高电机效率,有效降低定子稳定温升,并且新型结构也不会影响电机输出性能。最后制作一台16极600W样机进行验证,对PCB定子盘式永磁电机设计具有一定的参考价值。     

联想工作站助力中国数字化制造业：专访联想产品经理徐洪

背景链接:联想进入图形工作站市场不过一年多,其ThinkStation产品便已取得市场的认同.     

计及主/被动需求响应下基于合作博弈的微网–配电网协调优化调度

随着含高比例可再生能源的并网型微网不断增加,微网与配电网的交互更加紧密。为解决两者作为不同利益主体双方利益分配问题,提出一种计及主/被动需求响应下基于合作博弈的微网-配电网协调优化模型。首先,考虑消费者心理学,建立了基于Logistic模糊函数的电负荷主动需求响应模型。然后,建立了以最优热电比为目标的热负荷被动需求响应模型。最后,微网与配电网作为参与者组成合作联盟,以讨价还价理论为核心,各自利益与联盟利益最大化为目标,协商确定了交互电价与交互功率,用改进的Shapley分配法分配了组成联盟后的额外收益,并通过基于参数自学习的自适应二次变异差分进化算法对其求解。通过算例分析对比可知,用户、微网、配电网三方利益均有所提升,证明了所提方案的合理性。