Die zweite Phase der Feldbusentwicklung

The past decade may be regarded as the phase of the fundamental developments in fieldbus systems that were based on the OSI model. Today we are entering a second stage. It is the objective of this issue to present the current state and where the further developments will lead to. This introductory article is intended to give an overview on the subject.     

Auswirkungen von Blitzschlägen auf 20-kV-Energiekabel

Recently appeared defects on high voltage cables have required an urgent evaluation of the impact of lightning strikes necessary. In some cases overvoltages between the copper wire screen of the cable and earth may appear which cause damages of the cablesheath. Field measurements with a classification of the voltage impulses at the copper wire screen have been made to evaluate the number of events. Additionally a numerical model was developed to study the effects of atmospheric discharges on underground cables with emphasis to the influence on the cablesheath. This numeric method was also applied to estimate the effectiveness of different protection arrangements. This contribution presents evaluation methods for overvoltages of cables and a model used firstly for calculating the stress caused by differential voltages and secondly to determinate the influence of protection measures.     

Comparative characterization of endurance properties of ischemic myocardium in cyclic and quasistatic mechanical loads

The mechanical properties of totally ischemic hearts of inbred albino rats were studied. The ischemic myocardium was found to be more sensitive to cyclic loads. Energy deficient contracture of cardiomyocytes is a factor which increases the resistance of the myocardium to mechanical effects.     

Accumulation of amplified target DNAs using thiol/biotin labeling, S1 nuclease, and ferrocene-streptavidin-magnetic system and a direct detection of specific DNA signals with screen printed gold electrode

Combinations of PCR-based amplification platform using 5′ thiolated and biotinylated specific primers, S1 nuclease-PCR products treatment, ferrocene-streptavidin (Fc-Stv)-magnetic binding for DNA accumulation, and screen printed gold electrode for the DNA allocation, were applied to Hoechst 33258-induced DNA aggregation and signals induction system for direct signals detection and DNA quantification in food samples. Thiolated and biotinylated at each 5′ terminus enabled DNA purification through S1 nuclease treatment for primers and non-specific DNA elimination and enabled DNA trapping with a ferrocene-streptavidin-magnetic system. This facilitated the accumulation of target DNAs at higher concentration, resulting in enhanced signals. After allocation of DNA on the surface of gold electrode via thiol binding, intensity of DNA signals through these treatments could be measured directly after being induced by Hoechst 33258. Wider amplitude changes in anodic current peaks between negative and positive samples (increasing from 3.70 to 10.10 μA) compared with those applied with no treatment combinations (decreasing from 3.92 to 1.23 μA) were observed. This enhancement of the signals allowed a greater efficiency of DNA quantification. When this combination was used for GMOs content estimation in reference samples, results revealed an improved accuracy from 66% to 96%. The combined biosensor system, although more costly than the standard Hoechst 33258/carbon electrode system, provided an alternative choice for DNA quantification, offering labor-free immobilization of probe onto electrode surface, easy test administration, and efficient semi-quantitative test without expensive instruments.     

38. Generalversammlung von CENELEC

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Essential phospholipids in the treatment of chronic pyelonephritis]

Through TCD test, observation on the blood flow dynamics change before and after treatment with 31 cases of the child cerebral atrophy was made. It is found that scalp therapy is able to speed up the blood flow of part artery, especially increase the even blood flow speed of MCA, ACA obviously (P < 0.05), which preliminary shows the mechanism of scalp therapy for child cerebral atrophy mean while. It is found that scalp therapy also has the function to restrain epilepsy.