Identification of components of protein complexes using a fluorescent photo-cross-linker and mass spectrometry

This study describes a novel method for improving the specific recognition, detection, and identification of proteins involved in multiprotein complexes. The method is based on a combination of coimmunoprecipitation, chemical cross-linking, and specific fluorescent tagging of protein components in close association with one another. Specific fluorescent tagging of the protein complex components was achieved using the cleavable, fluorescent cross-linker sulfosuccinimidyl 2-(7-azido-4-methylcoumarin-3-acetamido) ethyl-1,3'-dithiopropionate (SAED). Following dissociation and separation by SDS-PAGE, the fluorescently tagged proteins are then visualized by UV illumination, excised, and, following in-gel digestion, identified by mass spectrometry. In this study, a complex of the HIV-envelope protein gp120 and its cellular receptor CD4 was used as a model system. The sensitivity of detection of fluorescent SAED-labeled proteins in SDS gels, and the sensitivity of the mass spectrometric identification of fluorescent proteins after in-gel digestion, is in the range of a few hundred femtomoles of protein. This sensitivity is comparable to that achieved with silver-staining techniques, but fluorescence detection is protein independent and no background interference occurs. Furthermore, fluorescence labeling is significantly more compatible with mass spectrometric identification of proteins than is silver staining. The first application of this strategy was in the investigation of the mechanism of spermiation, the process by which mature spermatids separate from Sertoli cells. For the coimmunoprecipitation experiment, an antibody against paxillin, a protein involved in spermatid-Sertoli cell junctional complexes, was used. More components of the paxillin protein complex were visible by fluorescence detection of SAED-labeled proteins than were visible on comparable silver-stained gels. Mass spectrometric analysis of the fluorescently labeled proteins identified integrin alpha6 precursor as a protein associated in a complex with paxillin. The identification of integrin alpha6 precursor was confirmed by Western blot analysis and verifies the applicability of this novel approach for identifying proteins involved in protein complexes.     

影响葡萄产量,品质的冠幕指标分析

对2 个酿酒品种,5 种整形方式的16 个冠幕指标分析,认为影响产量的主要指标是每株果穗数、穗重和每穗果粒数;影响含糖量的主要指标是叶果比和到达叶片的平均相对光强(即叶幕叶片平均受光状况);影响含酸量的主要指标是叶果比     

Effect of histamine on technetium-99m excretion by gastric mucosa

The ability of histamine to increase excretion of 99mtechnetium by gastric mucosa was investigated in dogs with Heidenhain pouches and denervated antral pouches. Histamine increased Heidenhain pouch 99mtechnetium output in a dose-related manner, and 99mtechnetium output was related linearly to acid output. Antral pouch 99mtechnetium output was unchanged by increasing doses of histamine. The study suggests that concomitant use of histamine may improve the accuracy of 99mtechnetium scanning in the clinical diagnosis of conditions caused by ectopic gastric mucosa.     

Apertured sheet read-only memory

The technical feasibility of a simple, high-performance, read-only memory (ROM) has been demonstrated. This memory uses apertured sheets of doctor-bladed linear ferrites with printed information patterns. It offers favorable sense-signal/drive-current ratios, low current-level electronics, one diode/word decoding matrix, straightforward fabrication, and compact construction. A prototype memory of 32 words, each of 36 bits, has been successfully demonstrated with a 50-ns cycle time (20-Mc repetition rate). A large ROM of 128 words, 50 bits each, was also operated satisfactorily.     

Test anxiety and helping behaviour.

Examined children's helping behavior as a function of test anxiety level and evaluative conditions. After taking the Test Anxiety Scale for Children, 72 4th graders completed a task under either evaluative or nonevaluative conditions, and then were given an opportunity to help a younger child with a sorting task. Examination of a significant interaction between anxiety and evaluation revealed that highly test-anxious Ss were most sensitive to the evaluative manipulation, being less likely to help in the evaluative than in the nonevaluative condition. Helping behavior of less anxious Ss did not vary with evaluation. It is suggested that relationships between personality variables and helping behavior should be examined only in combination with clearly specified situational variables. (French summary) (15 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

谈黄酒包装盒江苏老酒的设计

用展示江苏的名人字画，突出产品的品牌，金石形式的广告用语使广告与装潢得到完美的统一；包装品位与产品内在的高质量相一致；对于提高产品档次、促进销售、提高经济效益起到了积极作用。     

Internal versus external control of reinforcement and the deployment of attention in experimental situations.

In 2 investigations, internal-control (I) and external-control (E), 28 and 61 undergraduates, respectively, were compared in their attention to cues in the experimental situation. Visual attention and observations were obtained in 1, and observations of unusual, situation-defining cues in the other. In both studies I Ss exhibited different attention behaviors than E Ss although the latter group improved notably when it became clear that attention was the focus of E's interests. I Ss appeared more vigilant when confronting a person exhibiting unusual behavior and observed more behavior than E Ss. E females appeared least observant of unusual cues in the experimental situations. (French summary) (19 ref.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

On discovering co-location patterns in datasets: a case study of pollutants and child cancers

We intend to identify relationships between cancer cases and pollutant emissions by proposing a novel co-location mining algorithm. In this context, we specifically attempt to understand whether there is a relationship between the location of a child diagnosed with cancer with any chemical combinations emitted from various facilities in that particular location. Co-location pattern mining intends to detect sets of spatial features frequently located in close proximity to each other. Most of the previous works in this domain are based on transaction-free apriori-like algorithms which are dependent on user-defined thresholds, and are designed for boolean data points. Due to the absence of a clear notion of transactions, it is nontrivial to use association rule mining techniques to tackle the co-location mining problem. Our proposed approach is focused on a grid based transactionization? of the geographic space, and is designed to mine datasets with extended spatial objects. It is also capable of incorporating uncertainty of the existence of features to model real world scenarios more accurately. We eliminate the necessity of using a global threshold by introducing a statistical test to validate the significance of candidate co-location patterns and rules. Experiments on both synthetic and real datasets reveal that our algorithm can detect a considerable amount of statistically significant co-location patterns. In addition, we explain the data modelling framework which is used on real datasets of pollutants (PRTR/NPRI) and childhood cancer cases.