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HJ Lee HK Ha MH Kim YK Jeong PN Kim MG Lee JS Kim DJ Suh SG Lee YI Min YH Auh 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,169(2):517-520
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate ERCP and CT findings of ectopic drainage of the common bile duct into the duodenal bulb. CONCLUSION: Although rare, the diagnosis of ectopic drainage of the common bile duct into the duodenal bulb is important to prevent inadvertent damage during biliary tract or gastric surgery and to clarify the cause of chronic peptic ulcers. 相似文献
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Measurements in the CROCUS reactor at EPFL, Lausanne, are reported for the critical water level and the inverse reactor period for several different sets of delayed supercritical conditions. The experimental configurations were also calculated by four different calculation methods. For each of the supercritical configurations, the absolute reactivity value has been determined in two different ways, viz.: (i) through direct comparison of the multiplication factor obtained employing a given calculation method with the corresponding value for the critical case (calculated reactivity: ρcalc); (ii) by application of the inhour equation using the kinetic parameters obtained for the critical configuration and the measured inverse reactor period (measured reactivity: ρmeas). The calculated multiplication factors for the reference critical configuration, as well as ρcalc for the supercritical cases, are found to be in good agreement. However, the values of ρmeas produced by two of the applied calculation methods differ appreciably from the corresponding ρcalc values, clearly indicating deficiencies in the kinetic parameters obtained from these methods. 相似文献
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岩心PI值试验研究及应用 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
主要论述了在多功能采油化学用剂评价仪上进行的岩心PI值试验的步骤,现象及结论。重点考察了岩心PI值与渗透率、流量及注入截面面积的关系;平行管岩心复合PI值和其中单管岩心PI值的关系。 相似文献
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Many of the targeted applications for powder-metallurgy materials, particularly in the automotive industry, undergo cyclic
loading. It is, therefore, essential to examine the fatigue mechanisms in these materials. The mechanisms of fatigue-crack
initiation and propagation in ferrous powder-metallurgy components have been investigated. The fatigue mechanisms are controlled
primarily by the inherent porosity present in these materials. Since most, if not all, fatigue cracks initiate and propagate
at the specimen surface, surface replication was used to determine the role of surface porosity in relation to fatigue behavior.
Surface replication provides detailed information on both initiation sites and on the propagation path of fatigue cracks.
The effect of microstructural features such as pore size and pore shape, as well as the heterogeneous microstructure on crack
deflection, was examined and is discussed. Fracture surfaces were examined to elucidate a mechanistic understanding of fatigue
processes in these materials. 相似文献
9.
A review is provided of the use of analytical models and two dimensional (2D) and three dimensional (3D) microstructure based
FEM models to accurately predict the properties of particle reinforced composite materials. It is shown that analytical models
do not account for the microstructural factors that influence the mechanical behavior of the material. 2D models do capture
the anisotropy in deformation behavior induced by anisotropy in particle orientation. The experimentally-observed dependence
of Young's modulus and tensile strength is confirmed by the 2D microstructure-based numerical model. However, because of the
2D stress state, a realistic comparison to actual experimental values is not possible. A serial sectioning process can be
used to reproduce and visualize the 3D microstructure of particle reinforced metal matrix composites. The 3D microstructure-based
FEM accurately represents the alignment, aspect ratio, and distribution of the particles. Comparison with single particle
and multiparticle models of simple shape (spherical and ellipsoidal) shows that the 3D microstructure-based approach is more
accurate in simulating and understanding material behavior. 相似文献
10.
RF Wideman YK Kirby CD Tackett NE Marson RW McNew 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1996,75(12):1587-1602
Cardio-pulmonary function was measured in male broilers reared on diets formulated to contain 1.5% arginine (NORMAL group) or 2.5% arginine (ARGININE group). A snare placed around the right pulmonary artery permitted acute shunting of the entire cardiac output (CO) through the left pulmonary artery, resulting in sustained increases in blood flow (BF) through the left lung in both groups. The unilateral increase in BF was accompanied by sustained increases in pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) in the NORMAL group. However, following initial transient increases in PAP and PVR in the ARGININE group, subsequent pulmonary vasodilation gradually reduced PVR, and thus PAP, in spite of the ongoing elevation of BF through the left lung. The capacity of the pulmonary vasculature in the ARGININE group to accommodate an increased BF at a normal PAP accounts for the previously reported lower incidence of pulmonary hypertension syndrome (PHS, ascites) in cold-stressed broilers fed supplemental dietary arginine. Hypoxemia and respiratory acidosis ensued rapidly in both groups after tightening the pulmonary artery snare, in spite of a compensatory increase in the respiratory rate. The gradual return of PVR and PAP to presnare levels in the ARGININE group did not eliminate the concurrent ventilation-perfusion mismatch caused by the increased rate of BF through the left lung. Tightening the pulmonary artery snare caused mean systemic arterial pressure (MAP) to drop from control levels of approximately 98 mm Hg to sustained hypotensive levels of approximately 65 mm Hg in both groups. This systemic hypotension was caused by decreases in CO and total peripheral resistance (TPR). The reduction in CO were caused by reduction in stroke volume (SV) rather than heart rate (HR), suggesting that acutely tightening the pulmonary artery snare increased PVR sufficiently to impede left ventricular filling. Accordingly, the maximum increment in PAP attainable by the right ventricle during acute increases in PVR apparently was inadequate to propel the entire CO through the pulmonary vasculature, setting the stage for the congestive right-sided pooling of blood routinely associated with PHS in broilers. 相似文献