Revealing cracking and breakage behaviours of gibbsite particles

Mitigating gibbsite particle cracking and breakage during industrial alumina production can increase the quality of smelter grade alumina product by reducing the ultrafine particle content. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the particle cracking during static calcination and the breakage of calcined gibbsite particles under external force. In this work, we investigated the impact of the calcination ramping rate and the crystallite size on gibbsite particle cracking during static calcination. A slow ramping rate and a large pristine crystallite size tend to increase particle cracking. Apart from the study of particle cracking behaviour, we also investigated the breakage of calcined gibbsite particle under external force. Cracks on the particle surface can initiate breakage within the crystallite and along the grain boundary under external force. The breakage within crystallite occurs as the cleavage of the crystallite, while the breakage along the grain boundary leads to the shedding of a whole crystallite. We further explored the factors influencing the strength of calcined gibbsite particles. With increasing calcination temperature, the strength of particle increases when gibbsite converts to boehmite, and then decreases when boehmite converts into amorphous alumina. Particles containing smaller crystallites and calcined with fast ramping rates exhibit higher resistance to breakage.     

Transformation and fragmentation behavior of molten metal drop in sodium pool

In order to clarify the fragmentation mechanism of a metallic alloy (U–Pu–Zr) fuel on liquid phase formed by metallurgical reactions (liquefaction temperature = 650 °C), which is important in evaluating the sequence of core disruptive accidents for metallic fuel fast reactors, a series of experiments was carried out using molten aluminum (melting point = 660 °C) and sodium mainly under the condition that the boiling of sodium does not occur. When the instantaneous contact interface temperature (T_i) between molten aluminum drop and sodium is lower than the boiling point of sodium (T_c,bp), the molten aluminum drop can be fragmented and the mass median diameter (D_m) of aluminum fragments becomes small with increasing T_i. When T_i is roughly equivalent to or higher than T_c,bp, the fragmentation of aluminum drop is promoted by thermal interaction caused by the boiling of sodium on the surface of the drop. Furthermore, even under the condition that the boiling of sodium does not occur and the solid crust is formed on the surface of the drop, it is confirmed from an analytical evaluation that the thermal fragmentation of molten aluminum drop with solid crust has a potential to be caused by the transient pressurization within the melt confined by the crust. These results indicate the possibility that the metallic alloy fuel on liquid phase formed by the metallurgical reactions can be fragmented without occurring the boiling of sodium on the surface of the melt.     

Solvent free oxidation of alcohols catalyzed by KMnO4 adsorbed on Kieselguhr

Efficient and selective oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes and ketones catalyzed by potassium permanganate supported on Kieselguhr reagent under solvent free conditions are reported.     

一种基于概念格属性约简的本体合并方法

提出一种基于概念格属性约简的本体合并方法。该方法先对源本体中的概念进行外延和内涵的分析,以此为形式背景构造概念格。对所构造的概念格进行属性约简,删除本体合并中的冗余信息,约简绝对不必要属性,以最少的信息精确地反映概念格及本体的本质和结构。最后通过实例分析此方法的可行性。     

软件可靠性测试用例的复用度量

针对目前基于复用的软件可靠性测试缺少对测试用例复用度量的现实问题,在构建测试用例复用模型的基础上,首先应用特征分析法求解测试用例各复用资源的权重,然后再分别计算它们在测试中的复用度,最后求解得到测试用例的平均复用度。从定量的角度解决了测试用例的复用度量问题。     

基于HCM的可扩展路由器体系结构MER

本文提出了基于层次化协同模型的多维可扩展路由器MER。参考Open Router路由器模型,利用层次化协同模型实现了独立于数据层的控制平台CSP,奠定了开放控制的基础;基于功能插件和抽象插件构造了基于插件的路由器抽象层PRA,分离了控制与转发平面,支持路由器转发平面功能的动态扩展;并举例说明了MER中高效的网络应用控制路由选择机制,体现了直接控制原理,有助于设计更为复杂的控制策略。模拟结果表明,MER具有良好的扩展性,支持网络应用直接控制,为控制平面智能化奠定基础。     

Cost-Sensitive and Load-Balancing Gateway Placement in Wireless Mesh Networks with QoS Constraints

In wireless mesh networks(WMNs),gateway placement is the key to network performance,QoS and construction cost.This paper focuses on the optimization of the cost and load balance in the gateway placement strategy,ensuring the QoS requirements.Firstly,we define a metric for load balance on the gateways,and address the minimum cost and load balancing gateway placement problem.Secondly,we propose two algorithms for gateway placement.One is a heuristic algorithm,which is sensitive to the cost,selects the gate...     

基于层次角色委托的服务网格授权执行模型

针对网格应用中对委托限制的多方面需求,提出了基于层次角色委托的服务网格授权执行模型.模型支持委托角色授予与撤销功能以及相应的关联性限制特性.通过加入信任度,细化了关联性限制的表达粒度.通过定义角色树作为委托授权的基本单位并对角色树进行剪枝,改善了部分委托实现的难度.通过定义带信任度的委托传播树,细化了对委托传播限制的控制.提出的委托凭证全面支持了角色委托的临时性、关联性、部分性、传播性限制需求.对模型中的委托授权执行规则作了形式化描述,并证明了执行规则能够细粒度地控制委托授权的执行过程.实例展示表明,模型能够满足网格应用对委托限制多方面的需求.     

网格服务资源多维性能聚类任务调度

网格计算是当前一个重要的研究领域,其中任务调度是一个基本组成部分,其性能直接影响到网格服务质量.为了缩短任务调度完成时间,提高任务调度性能,提出了一种网格资源多维性能聚类任务调度算法MPCGSR (task scheduling algorithm based on multidimensional performance clustering of grid service resources).该算法根据网格环境下服务资源数量庞大、异构、多样的特点,预先以构建的网格服务资源超图模型为基础,结合小世界理论对服务资源进行多维性能聚类,将任务与聚类资源相匹配并实施调度.模拟实验结果表明,算法较之同类算法具有优越性,是一种有效的网格任务调度算法.     

Atomic disorders in layer structured topological insulator SnBi<Subscript>2</Subscript>Te<Subscript>4</Subscript> nanoplates

Identification of atomic disorders and their subsequent control has proven to be a key issue in predicting, understanding, and enhancing the properties of newly emerging topological insulator materials. Here, we demonstrate direct evidence of the cation antisites in single-crystal SnBi₂Te₄ nanoplates grown by chemical vapor deposition, through a combination of sub-ångström-resolution imaging, quantitative image simulations, and density functional theory calculations. The results of these combined techniques revealed a recognizable amount of cation antisites between Bi and Sn, and energetic calculations revealed that such cation antisites have a low formation energy. The impact of the cation antisites was also investigated by electronic structure calculations together with transport measurement. The topological surface properties of the nanoplates were further probed by angle-dependent magnetotransport, and from the results, we observed a two-dimensional weak antilocalization effect associated with surface carriers. Our approach provides a pathway to identify the antisite defects in ternary chalcogenides and the application potential of SnBi2Te4 nanostructures in next-generation electronic and spintronic devices.

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