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聚合物的晶区堆砌密度、无定形区自由体积的尺寸和数量、晶区-非晶区的界面等微观结构,对其宏观性能,如渗透性能、力学性能、松弛行为等有重要影响。正电子湮没寿命谱技术是一种强有力的微观结构探测与表征技术,能够灵敏有效地探测聚合物的晶区堆砌密度、无定形区自由体积以及两相界面等信息,从而提供了一种直接、简单的研究聚合物微观结构的途径。文中介绍了该技术的基本原理和应用理论,综述了该技术在聚合物研究领域的应用,如:聚合物本征特性与自由体积之间的关系,应力、辐照、外界压力、物理老化等外界因素对聚合物微观结构的影响,以及聚合物共混物、复合材料的相容性和界面特性等。最后总结了正电子湮没寿命谱技术在聚合物微观结构研究中存在的问题。 相似文献
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Electron-induced Sc and V K-shell ionization cross sections,which are scarce have been obtained from measurement of KαX-ray emission cross sections at energies from near threshold to 25keV.The influence of substrate of thin targets on ionization cross sections has been corrected using the bipartition model of electron transprot. 相似文献
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Measurementof8~25keVelectronimpactK-shellionizationcrosssectionsofCuandCoelementsAnZhu(安竹),LiTai-Hua(李泰华),WangLiang-Ming(王良明)... 相似文献
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In this paper, we present a novel method for digital nuclear signal processing based on image processing and recognition, which can improve signal-to-noise ratio of digital nuclear signal effectively without changing the signal shape. The digital nuclear signal with a "time-amplitude" series is converted into a grayscale image with adjustable pixel size. Template of the converted image is extracted by means of modern image processing methods, such as spatial digital low-pass filtering, image binary and the skeleton extracting of images. The needed parameters are extracted from the template image. The method of template extracting presented in this paper can be used flexibly to extract template of nuclear signals, whether the whole or even part of that, and got multi templates corresponding to the whole or partial characters of the signals. The results of image processing,along with γ-ray energy spectrum of241 Am acquired by this method, show that the new method provides a way to develop future digital nuclear instruments of high efficiency and flexibility, high density and multi parameters. 相似文献
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X-ray fluorescence (XRF) in combination with partial least-squares (PLS) regression was employed to analyze the ore slurry grade. Using the Monte Carlo simulation code PENELOPE, X-ray fluorescence spectra of ore samples were obtained. Good accuracy was achieved when this method was used to analyze elements with concentrations of several percent or above. It was demonstrated that the more the number of X-ray fluorescence spectra used to calibrate, the better the obtained accuracy. In this method detector resolution was found to have little or no effect on the results of quantitative analysis. The effect of the concentration of water was investigated as well, and it was found to have little influence on the results. 相似文献
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The influence of substrate of thin targets on ionization cross sections has been corrected by a new method based upon the bipartition model of electron transport.The measured cross sections for Cu element are in good agreement with existing experimental data and those produced by the empirical formula of Green and Cosslett.Cross sections for Co element are measured for the first time. 相似文献
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四川大学原子核科学技术研究所依托2.5 MeV范德格拉夫静电加速器搭建了质子诱发X射线荧光分析(Proton Induced X-ray Emission,PIXE)与卢瑟福背散射分析(Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry,RBS)相结合的离子束分析系统,描述了该分析系统和刻度过程。通过10个金属单质的PIXE-RBS测量,刻度得到的仪器常数H值是一条随能量变化的曲线,然后采用最小二乘法拟合确定了X射线探测器前的Mylar膜有效厚度、选择性滤膜的有效厚度和中心小孔大小,从而得到H值。为了对刻度H值进行检验,在相同实验条件下测量了标准粘土样品元素成分,测量数据与证书数据符合得较好。刻度结果将用于以后的PIXE-RBS分析。 相似文献