低温促凝剂CN-2的研究与应用

针对低温条件下，水泥浆因候凝时间长，极易造成油、气、水侵，导致固井后水泥环不致密，固井质量差这一现象，研制了一种新型低温复合早强促凝剂CN—2，并完善了与之配套的水泥浆体系，从而满足各类低温条件下的固井施工，为低温浅层油气井固井质量的提高提供了可靠的保证。     

基于BBO-SVM的大坝变形预测模型与性能验证

针对大坝监测数据小样本、高维度和非线性的特点,引入支持向量机( SVM) 机器学习方法,采用生物地理学优化算法( BBO) 优化其惩罚因子 c 和核函数参数 g,建立了基于 BBO-SVM 的大坝变形预测模型。结合 2011—2016 年水口大坝 4 个测点共 900 组环境量与效应量监测数据,对模型预测性能进行了验证,并将预测结果与 SVM、PSO-SVM 和 ABC-SVM 大坝变形预测模型进行对比。结果表明: 文中提出的 BBO-SVM 模型不仅预测精度高,且稳定性更好,4 个测点的均方根误差分别达到了 0. 332 0、0. 473 5、0. 405 7、0. 222 8,拟合优度分别达到了 0. 910 4、0. 961 0、0. 962 4、0. 956 9。本研究可提高大坝安全监测成果利用,对于大坝健康状态预测评估具有一定的工程指导意义。     

海上超长钻孔灌注桩旋挖钻机成孔施工技术

海南洋浦跨海大桥主墩采用37Φ2.2～2.5m变截面钻孔灌注桩,桩长86-110m。本文主要介绍针对海上复杂地质条件下超长钻孔灌注桩旋挖钻机成孔施工工艺、施工工艺和质量控制措施。     

基于集成液体交换的微流控芯片的完整单细胞动态变形测量（英文）OA

本文报道了一种利用集成力传感和液体交换功能的微流控芯片测量单个细胞力学性能的方法。使用光学镊子操纵和定位在推力探针和力传感器探针之间的单个细胞。这两个芯片探针被设计用来捕获和变形细胞。通过移动由外力驱动的推动探针,使单个细胞变形。层流在探针之间形成液-液界面,改变细胞外环境。通过控制注入压力来改变界面的位置。调节两个正压和一个负压以平衡流动的扩散和扰动。在微流控芯片中测试了单胞藻菌株PCC 6803在不同渗透浓度环境下的力学性能。液体交换在0.3～0.7 s内完成,同时显示了单个电池的动态变形。可在30 s内测量不同渗透浓度下的两个杨氏模量值和单个细胞在渗透冲击下的动态响应。研究了野生型(WT)和突变型聚囊藻细胞的动态变形,以揭示机械敏感(MS)通道的功能机制。该系统提供了一种监测单个完整细胞响应快速外部渗透变化的实时力学动力学的新方法,为表征细胞中质谱通道的准确生理功能开辟了新的机会。     

Overexpression and purification of Aspergillus aculeatus beta-mannosidase and analysis of the integrated gene in Aspergillus oryzae

An expression plasmid for the manB gene encoding Aspergillus aculeatus beta-d-mannosidase (MANB) was constructed by using an expression vector carrying an improved promoter. After transformation of A. oryzae by the plasmid, several transformants formed colonies emitting fluorescence on a plate containing 4-methylumbelliferyl beta-d-mannopyranoside (MU-Man) under UV-irradiation. The transformant that displayed the strongest fluorescence, named A. oryzae BMN1, produced about 270 mg MANB/l in liquid culture. Recombinant MANB overproduced in BMN1 was purified by two steps of column chromatography to a single protein band on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and had a molecular weight of 130,000. Analyses by Southern blotting and genomic PCR demonstrated that a single copy of the plasmid was integrated into the chromosome by recombination at the niaD locus.     

长江武惠堤堤防渗透破坏风险计算模型及应用

针对渗透水压力引起堤防渗透破坏问题,以堤防渗透破坏风险为目标,考虑堤防计算水位条件和土层渗透系数的不确定性,建立了堤防渗透破坏风险计算模型。以长江武惠堤17+750断面为例,对汉口水文站水位监测资料进行分析并拟合水位概率密度函数,对该断面渗流规律进行有限元分析,从而拟合渗透破坏概率密度函数,以此建立该断面堤防渗透破坏风险定量表达式。研究结果表明,武惠堤17+750断面堤防在警戒水位与防洪设计水位下,渗透破坏概率分别为0.442 9、0.764 0,渗透破坏风险分别为0.001 421、0.002 52;堤防渗透破坏风险随着堤外水位的升高而增加,但在防洪设计水位内运行时,堤防渗透破坏风险低,堤防渗流安全可得到有效控制。     

基于BBO-SVM的大坝变形预测模型与性能验证

针对大坝监测数据小样本、高维度和非线性的特点,引入支持向量机(SVM)机器学习方法,采用生物地理学优化算法(BBO)优化其惩罚因子c和核函数参数g,建立了基于BBO-SVM的大坝变形预测模型。结合2011—2016年水口大坝4个测点共900组环境量与效应量监测数据,对模型预测性能进行了验证,并将预测结果与SVM、PSO-SVM和ABC-SVM大坝变形预测模型进行对比。结果表明:文中提出的BBO-SVM模型不仅预测精度高,且稳定性更好,4个测点的均方根误差分别达到了0.332 0、0.473 5、0.405 7、0.222 8,拟合优度分别达到了0.910 4、0.961 0、0.962 4、0.956 9。本研究可提高大坝安全监测成果利用,对于大坝健康状态预测评估具有一定的工程指导意义。     

Analysis of specific IgE antibodies to staphylococcal enterotoxins,total serum IgE and hemogramme in carriers of Staphylococcus aureus

In order to evaluate the relationship between nasal carriers of S. aureus and their history of allergic diseases, the total serum IgE titer, the hemogramme pattern, and the titers of specific IgE antibody to Staphylococcal enterotoxins A and B (SEA and SEB) and of specific IgG antibody to SEB were investigated in 98 trade school students. Fifteen (15.3%) of the 98 students were sensitized to SEA and/or SEB (40.0% to SEA and 93.3% to SEB). In this group, 11 subjects were S. aureus carriers (73.0%) and 12 had a history of allergic diseases (80.0%). Low levels of specific IgG antibody to SEB were identified from both S. aureus carriers and non-carriers. The S. aureus carriers had significantly higher levels of total IgE titer than the non-carriers and the individuals with a history of allergic diseases had significantly higher total IgE titer levels than those having no history of allergic diseases (p < 0.01). In the hemogramme patterns of S. aureus carriers, a significant positive correlation was observed between the total IgE antibodies and the eosinophil rate (p < 0.05), and a negative correlation (p < 0.001) was recognized between the neutrophil and the lymphocyte rates.     

Optical shifter for a three-dimensional image by use of a gradient-index lens array

We propose a new function of the two-dimensional lens array that is composed of many gradient-index lenses. The array forms three-dimensional (3D) images. The characteristics of the 3D images depend on the length of the gradient-index lens. Especially, if the length of the lens is an odd-integer multiple of the half period of the optical path, 3D images are pseudoscopic with a reversed depth. The two lens arrays are positioned at a suitable distance, so that orthoscopic 3D images with the correct depth are formed in front of the lens array.     

Effects of dissolved carbonate on arsenate adsorption and surface speciation at the hematite--water interface

Effects of dissolved carbonate on arsenate [As(V)] reactivity and surface speciation at the hematite-water interface were studied as a function of pH and two different partial pressures of carbon dioxide gas [P(CO2) = 10(-3.5) atm and approximately 0; CO2-free argon (Ar)] using adsorption kinetics, pseudo-equilibrium adsorption/titration experiments, extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopic (EXAFS) analyses, and surface complexation modeling. Different adsorbed carbonate concentrations, due to the two different atmospheric systems, resulted in an enhanced and/or suppressed extent of As(V) adsorption. As(V) adsorption kinetics [4 g L(-1), [As(V)]0 = 1.5 mM and I = 0.01 M NaCl] showed carbonate-enhanced As(V) uptake in the air-equilibrated systems at pH 4 and 6 and at pH 8 after 3 h of reaction. Suppressed As(V) adsorption was observed in the air-equilibrated system in the early stages of the reaction at pH 8. In the pseudo-equilibrium adsorption experiments [1 g L(-1), [As(V)]0 = 0.5 mM and I = 0.01 M NaCI], in which each pH value was held constant by a pH-stat apparatus, effects of dissolved carbonate on As(V) uptake were almost negligible at equilibrium, but titrant (0.1 M HCl) consumption was greater in the air-equilibrated systems (P(CO2) = 10(-3.5) atm) than in the CO2-free argon system at pH 4-7.75. The EXAFS analyses indicated that As(V) tetrahedral molecules were coordinated on iron octahedral via bidentate mononuclear ( 2.8 A) and bidentate binuclear (approximately equal to 3.3 A) bonding at pH 4.5-8 and loading levels of 0.46-3.10 microM m(-2). Using the results of the pseudo-equilibrium adsorption data and the XAS analyses, the pH-dependent As(V) adsorption under the P(CO2) = 10(-3.5) atm and the CO2-free argon system was modeled using surface complexation modeling, and the results are consistent with the formation of nonprotonated bidentate surface species at the hematite surfaces. The results also suggest that the acid titrant consumption was strongly affected by changes to electrical double-layer potentials caused by the adsorption of carbonate in the air-equilibrated system. Overall results suggest that the effects of dissolved carbonate on As(V) adsorption were influenced by the reaction conditions [e.g., available surface sites, initial As(V) concentrations, and reaction times]. Quantifying the effects of adsorbed carbonate may be important in predicting As(V) transport processes in groundwater, where iron oxide-coated aquifer materials are exposed to seasonally fluctuating partial pressures of CO2(g).