Observation of Pedestal Plasma Turbulence on EAST Tokamak

Pedestal plasma turbulence was experimentally studied by microwave reflectometry on EAST tokamak. The characteristics of edge pedestal turbulence during dithering L-H transition, ELM-free H-mode phase and inter-ELM phase have recently been studied on EAST. An edge spatial structure of density fluctuation and its dithering temporal evolution is observed for the first time on the EAST tokamak during the L-H transition phase. A coherent mode usually appears during the ELM-free phase prior to the first ELM on EAST tokamak. The mode frequency gradually decreases as the pedestal evolves. Analysis shows that the coherent mode is in the pedestal region inside the separatrix. In plasma with type-III ELMs, a precursor mode before ELM is usually observed. The frequency of the precursor was initially about 150 kHz and gradually decreased till the next ELM. The mode amplitude increases or shows saturation before ELM. In the plasma with compound ELMs composed of high and low frequency ELMs, the precursor was also observed before the high frequency ELM while the harmonic oscillations with frequencies of 20 kHz, 40 kHz and 60 kHz appear before the low frequency ELM.     

Two-dimensional vacuum ultraviolet images in different MHD events on the EAST tokamak

A high-speed vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) imaging telescope system has been developed to measure the edge plasma emission (including the pedestal region) in the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST).The key optics of the high-speed VUV imaging system consists of three parts:an inverse Schwarzschild-type telescope,a micro-channel plate (MCP) and a visible imaging high-speed camera.The VUV imaging system has been operated routinely in the 2016 EAST experiment campaign.The dynamics of the two-dimensional (2D) images of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities,such as edge localized modes (ELMs),tearing-like modes and disruptions,have been observed using this system.The related VUV images are presented in this paper,and it indicates the VUV imaging system is a potential tool which can be applied successfully in various plasma conditions.     

Measurement of Magnetic Island Width by Multi-Channel ECE Radiometer on HT-7 Tokamak

A 16-channel electron cyclotron emission (ECE) radiometer has been employed to observe the (m; n) = (2; 1) magnetic island structure on HT-7 tokamak, where m and n represent the poloidal and toroidal mode number respectively. The results indicate that the island width is about 7 cm when the magnetic island is saturated during the m=n = 2=1 mode. The location of resonance surface can be determined by plotting the contour of ECE relative fluctuation.This method could be applied to the HT-7 and EAST campaigns in the future for the research of neoclassical tearing modes (NTMs).     

EAST辐射偏滤器运行模式下等离子体杂质浓度评估方法

通过在偏滤器区域充入适量氖气（Ne）或氩气（Ar）,东方超环（Experimental Advanced Super-conducting Tokamak,EAST）托卡马克装置实现了辐射偏滤器运行模式。在辐射偏滤器运行模式下,靶板热负荷显著降低,有效缓解了高能粒子流对偏滤器靶板的损伤。但是在偏滤器区域充入过量杂质气体时,杂质粒子会沿着磁力线进入主等离子体,影响主等离子体的约束性能,甚至导致等离子体破裂。因此,有必要研究偏滤器区域等离子体杂质浓度的估算方法,分析充入杂质气体时该区域杂质的定量变化,以此来评估充入的杂质气体对芯部等离子体约束性能的影响。本文针对不同的杂质种类,建立了不同的杂质浓度估算方法。对于钨杂质,通过极紫外光谱（Extreme Ultraviolet Spectroscopy,EUV）诊断系统测量偏滤器区域钨杂质的辐射强度,再根据碰撞-辐射模型对该区域的钨杂质浓度进行了估算。对于Ne杂质,则通过等离子体有效电荷数(Z_eff)的变化进行了Ne杂质浓度估算。基于估算结果,对辐射偏滤器条件下的芯部杂质行为进行了讨论。上述杂质浓度评估方法对开展辐射偏滤器...     

Observation of filament-like structures in ELMy H-mode plasma with a VUV imaging system developed on the EAST tokamak

On the EAST tokamak, filament-like structures have been observed in ELMy H-mode discharges with a high-speed vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) imaging system. The topos, chronos and their weight can be obtained simultaneously by performing the so-called singular value decomposition (SVD) analysis of raw VUV imaging data. The fluctuation amplitude is observed to be suppressed and enhanced gradually in the edge localized mode (ELM) crash and pedestal recovery phase in the chronos, respectively, while filament-like structures can only be found in the pedestal recovery phase on the topos. The mode structure, i.e. m/n=36/9 (m and n are the poloidal and toroidal mode number, respectively) with ρ₀=0.95, w₀=0.07 (ρ₀and w₀ denote the mode location and mode width, respectively) is derived by a comparison of the synthetic images and the experimental imaging data.     

Experimental Determination of the ICRF Power Depositing on the Electrons in HT-7

This paper reports for the first time an experimental study on the power deposition profile of the ion cyclotron range frequencies （ICRF） power depositing on electrons in HT-7. The fast Fourier transform （FFT） analysis and the break in slope （BIS） method are utilized to obtain the information of the power deposition. The results indicate that the electrons were heated directly, and the electrons absorbed around 20% of the input power of the discharge of interest.     

Experimental study of double tearing mode on EAST tokamak

The double tearing mode(DTM)in a high βN(βN>1.5)discharge with internal transport barrier on EAST was investigated.A 15 kHz tearing mode(TM)(m≥3,n=3)appears at outer q=2 surface at first,which is stable in the highβN phase.Then a 2 kHz TM(m=2,n=1)occurs at inner q=2 surface.Soon after,high βN collapsed with the crash of ELM,and DTM formed during the collapse of βN.The positions of the two islands of the DTM are consistent with the q=2 surface.The temperature fluctuations are the strongest between the two magnetic islands.A statistical analysis of high βN discharges operating with the reversed magnetic shear configuration in the EAST 2015-2018 campaign revealed the existence of the DTM in many discharges.During the DTM phase,all βN are reduced by 10%-30% within 0.1 s.However,there are two different βN behaviors thereafter-with and without βN recovery.Studying the physical mechanism of βN recovery during the DTM phase will benefit steady-state operation with reversed shear configurations in the future.