强激光与固体靶相互作用所致硬X射线剂量和能谱的实验测量

为了研究强激光与固体靶相互作用产生的电离辐射危害,本文在星光Ⅲ300TW强激光装置上开展了一系列激光打靶实验。实验使用的激光功率密度为5×10~(18)~4×10~(19)W/cm~2,激光脉冲能量为60~153J,靶为直径1mm、厚度1mm的Ta圆柱,本文分别对X射线剂量、X射线能谱和超热电子能谱进行了测量。实验结果表明,测量到的单发最大X射线剂量约为16.8mSv,靠近激光传播方向(0°),距靶50cm处;激光0°方向的X射线剂量随激光功率密度的增加而显著增加,激光90°方向的X射线剂量随激光功率密度的变化相对较小;测量到的X射线能谱可大致用含有两个X射线温度的指数分布函数描述,其中0°方向测量到的X射线温度为0.4~1.15 MeV,90°方向测量到的X射线温度为0.25~0.54 MeV;实测超热电子温度与Wilks定标率符合较好。     

CBETor: a hybrid-kinetic particle-in-cell code for cross-beam energy transfer simulation

The parametric instability related to ion motion and the resulting cross-beam energy transfer are important aspects in the physics of inertial confinement fusion. The numerical simulation of the above physical problems still faces great technical challenges. This paper introduces a 2D hybrid-kinetic particle-in-cell (PIC) code, CBETor. In this code, the motion of ions is described by the kinetic method, the motion of electrons is described by the simplified fluid method and the propagation of laser in plasma is described by solving the wave equation. We use CBETor and the popular fully kinetic PIC code EPOCH to simulate the stimulated Brillouin scattering and cross-beam energy transfer process, respectively. The physical images are in good agreement, but CBETor can significantly reduce the amount of calculation. With the premise of correctly simulating the ion dynamics, our hybrid-kinetic code can effectively suppress the noise of numerical simulation and significantly expand the simulation scale of physical problems. CBETor is very suitable for simulating the physical process dominated by ion motion in the interaction of medium intensity laser and underdense plasma.     

超短超强激光与固体靶相互作用所致X射线剂量实验研究

超短超强激光与固体靶相互作用可产生显著的X射线剂量,其辐射防护问题是辐射防护和激光等离子体物理的学科交叉问题,对超短超强激光装置安全运行至关重要。为验证清华大学所提出的剂量评估公式,对超短超强激光与固体靶作用所产生的X射线剂量开展了实验研究。设计了用于屏蔽靶室内超热电子和散射光子的屏蔽结构,仅测量超热电子和固体靶作用所产生的X射线剂量,并开展蒙特卡罗模拟评估其屏蔽效果。基于星光 Ⅲ激光装置对不同激光功率密度（7×1018~4×1019 W/cm2）下不同角度上的X射线剂量开展了实验测量,并与不同的剂量评估公式结果进行了比较分析,实验中还对不同剂量测量探测器的响应进行了比较。计算结果表明,所设计的屏蔽结构能很好地屏蔽超热电子和散射光子。实验结果表明,清华大学所提出的剂量评估公式较文献公式能更好地与实验结果吻合。随激光功率密度的增加,前向的X射线剂量较侧向增加得更快。