Darstellung komplexer Betriebsschlacken des LD-Verfahrens im Quasidreistoffsystem

Aus der Darstellung der Schlackenzusammensetzungen im Quasidreistoffsystem ist die Lage der Schlacken zur Kalksättigungslinie deutlich zu erkennen. Die Sublanzenschlacken lassen den Schlackenweg während der letzten Blasminuten erkennen, durch Bodenspülung und Nachspülen wird eine geringe Annäherung an die Kalksättigungslinie erreicht. Aus der Lage der Schlacken im Quasidreistoffsystem läßt sich der Einfluß der Temperatur auf den Verlauf der Kalksättigung entlang unterschiedlicher T-X-Schnitte bestimmen.     

高强度高压绝缘子产品质量同其结构性能的重要关系(续)——制造者和用户应共同掌握的规则和指标(第二部分)

6　各种电瓷结构分析实例证实结构的差别下面介绍各种电瓷结构分析的结果。从扫描电镜照片 (ＲＥＭ)的判读中可见到这些材料的差别。试样ａ:日本瓷绝缘子Ｃ1 1 0 /1 1 2 ,制造年代 1 997试样ｂ :西门子瓷绝缘子Ｃ1 2 0 ,Ｃ1 3 0 ,制造年代 2 0 0 1试样ｃ:高强度矾土瓷绝缘子 ,西门子 2 0 0 1开发陶瓷岩相试样的制备系经多级金刚石研磨和抛光以及化学浸蚀。为判定气孔状态 ,对磨片作了透光照片 ,在其光亮区放大倍数为 1 0 0∶1 ,而且扫描电镜照片放大倍数为2 0 0∶1。图 5ａ　试样ａ光片的ＬＭ(透光显微镜 )和ＲＥＭ(扫描电镜 )图象 ,放大倍…     

Electron-beam treatment of aromatic hydrocarbons that can be air-stripped from contaminated groundwater. 2. Gas-phase studies

The electron-beam (EB) degradation of volatile aromatics (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes: BTEX) in groundwater strip gas, which in the present work has been modeled by the introduction of the desired aromatic(s) to a stream of air or another gas, such as oxygen, is initiated essentially by the addition of *OH radicals to the aromatic ring, giving rise to hydroxycyclohexadienyl radicals, which form the corresponding peroxyl radicals upon addition of oxygen. As studied in some detail with benzene as a BTEX representative, various reactions of these lead to numerous oxidation products in a cascade of reactions, including the decomposition of products under the prevailing conditions of high turnover of the initial aromatic. Importantly, hydroxycyclohexadienylperoxyl radical formation is partly reversible, and the reactions of the hydroxycyclohexadienyl radicals, which thus have a significant presence in these systems, must therefore also be taken into consideration. In the gas phase, in contrast to the aqueous phase (see Part 1), the reactions of the hydroxycyclohexadienyl radicals lead to oligomeric products that appear to contribute, in addition to ionic clusters, to nucleation for the aerosols observed. Various nitrated products, among them nitrophenols, are observed when air is used for the stripping. However, these studies did not clear the pilot plant stage, since BTEX degradation using a bioreactor carried out in parallel was so successful that the EB technology was judged to be noncompetitive. As for the latter, expensive equipment consisting of a stripper, the EB machine, and an aerosol precipitator would be required. The condensed aerosols are biorefractory and would require further treatment for detoxification.     

矾土瓷—一种新型高电压强度的绝缘材料

使用经筛选的专用粘土原料和不同种类、不同用量的熔剂，并使用作为新型氧化铝基质的矾土，就可开发出一种高Al2O3的新型优质瓷。这种瓷具有良好的强度，特别是它的长期性能，还降低了制造成本。因此，新型矾土瓷的发展前景广阔。     

Water-based coatings for automotive refinishing

A water-borne basecoat system for vehicle refinishes is presented. The system consists of pigment concentrates called mixing bases and a mixing clear. The basecoat paints show a VOC level of less than 420 g/l. The paints can be applied by high volume low pressure spray guns, an equipment that guarantees very low overspray. The rheological behaviour of these basecoats is controlled by the use of thixotropic silicate. The chemical base of the mixing clear and the mixing bases is a special set of polyurethane resins, which enable an excellent orientation of the metallic pigments and favourable grinding properties for high hiding power. The synthesis of the polyurethane resin of the mixing bases is described in an ester process as an alternative to the well-known ketone process. This basecoat system is commercialized under the trade name of Glasurit^® as 90 Line.     

Effects of visual guidance on the reduction of impacts during landings.

While a common view is that vision is essential to motor performance, some recent studies have shown that continuous visual guidance may not always be required within certain time constraints. This study investigated a landing-related task (self-released falls) to assess the extent to which visual information enhances the ability to reduce the impacts at touchdown. Six individuals performed six blocked trials from four height categories in semi-counterbalanced order (5-10, 20-25, 60-65, and 90-95 cm) in vision and no-vision conditions randomly assigned. A series of two-way ANOVA with repeated measures were carried out separately on each dependent variable collapsed over six trials. The results indicated that vision during the flight did not produce softer landings. Indeed, in analysing the first peak (PFP) a main effect for visual condition was revealed in that the mean amplitude was slightly higher when vision was available (F(1,5) = 6.57; p less than 0.05), thus implicating higher forces at impact. The results obtained when the time to the first peak (TFP) was applied showed no significant differences between conditions (F(1,5) less than 1). As expected, in all cases, the analyses yielded significant main effects for the height categories factor. It appears that during self-initiated falls in which the environmental cues are known before the event, visual guidance is not necessary in order to adopt a softer landing strategy.     

WCDMA基站的直接上变频方案具有低噪声和理想的ACPR特性

直接上变频是实现发射机架构的最经济有效的方法,也是基站设计中最重要的规范。I/Q调制器的载噪比是WCDMA技术中最关键的参数。TRF3702I/Q调制器在保持优异的ACPR(邻信道功率比)性能的情况下,提供带有容限的载噪性能。本文将详细介绍单载波及多载波WCDMA基站中,对模拟正交调制器载噪比的相关技术要求。在发射机系统中采用直接上变频架构,可以降低系统成本,因为它可以降低系统复杂程度与组件数。图1为WCDMA直接上变频架构图。与双变频发射机不同,直接上变频无需中频信号发生器、中频合成器(PLL/VCO)、中频-射频混频器以及SAW滤…     

Manufacture of amorphous alloy ribbons

Amorphous alloys are prepared in continuous ribbon form by rapid quenching directly from the melt. In particular, the process of chill block melt-spinning involves the continuous impingement of molten alloy against a rapidly moving substrate surface. Principles of chill block melt-spinning are presented with regard to the formation of continuous, rapidly-quenched amorphous alloy ribbon. The effects of numerous process variables on sample geometry and physical properties are examined through experimental results obtained by the author and by other researchers. Principles of narrow ribbon manufacture are extended to describe means of fabricating wide ribbon. Manufacturing problems unique to extended runs and potential solutions are cited. Effects of process parameters on magnetic and physical properties of as-cast samples are discussed.