Interaction Between a Drying Agent and Particles Dispersed by an Airstream Atomizer Inside a Drying Chamber

Results of an experimental study of the aerodynamics and spray density distribution of a liquid dispersed by an airstream atomizer inside a drying chamber. Velocity components of the drying agent and their radial distributions as a function of the distance from the spray plane are determined. Relationships for the distribution of dispersed liquid inside the drying chamber are derived. Interactions between the drying agent and the product in the drying chamber are analyzed.     

Comparative evaluation of linear edge detection methods

A comparative evaluation of the most commonly used linear methods for edge detection in grayscale images are presented. Detectors based on the first and second derivatives of image brightness are considered. The method for automatic edge tracking in grayscale images is proposed. The model for assessing errors and artifacts caused by sampling during digitization of real input images is proposed. Investigation of edge detectors isotropy and errors caused by input images sampling is conducted. The advantage of the Isotropic operator for edge tracking is shown. The noise immunity of linear edge detection methods is assessed and the superiority of 3 × 3 gradient operators for noisy images is shown. Isotropic and Sobel operators are identified to be optimal on a basis of sampling errors, output noise level, and computational complexity.     

A semianalytical model of a nanowire-based field-effect transistor

A semianalytical model of a field-effect ballistic nanotransistor with a nanowire-based or nano- tube-based channel, which is applicable to describe transistors with various gate configurations, is proposed. Based on this model, the calculations of the distribution of the potential and electron concentration in a transistor channel are determined and its current-voltage characteristics are plotted. Considerable distinctions regarding the computation of short-channel transistors based on the local model and good agreement with the computations performed according to the rigorous models are revealed.     

Sintering of oxide nuclear fuel: Plastic flow mechanism

A theoretical approach to solving the sintering problem of nuclear oxide fuels is described. We are proposing a new physical sintering model: the main mechanism for oxide nuclear shrinkage is the plastic flow of the matter under internal stress and capillary forces.     

Quantum aspects of viscosity in capillary obliteration

The quantum aspects of the appearance of internal friction in capillary obliteration are considered. The liquid viscosity is defined in terms of the quantum of action.     

37Ar yield from irradiated calcium oxide under thermal treatment

We study the feasibility of using CaO as a target material for irradiation in fast-neutron reactors to produce an artificial high-intensity neutrino source on the basis of the³⁷Ar isotope. The rate of³⁷Ar emission from CaO samples under fast-neutron irradiation and vigorous heating was determined. The technique for measuring the yield is described in detail. An emission rate of <0.01% per hour is obtained for the best target type—pressed CaO—at a temperature of 900°C. It is shown that this rate does not meet the requirements for a high-intensity neutrino source.