离子液体用于燃料油深度脱硫的研究进展

首先介绍了加氢催化脱硫和其他脱硫技术的特点,综述了近年来国内外利用离子液体在萃取脱硫、萃取脱硫与氧化脱硫耦合、萃取脱硫与生物脱硫耦合等方面的研究。认为离子液体萃取脱硫具有操作简便、可循环使用、无需氢气、环境友好、能深度脱硫等特点,是一项具有广阔发展前景的技术。若要实现该技术的工业化应用,还需进一步加强离子液体在合成工艺、脱硫选择性及回收再生等方面的研究。     

SDS对溶菌酶溶液乳化作用的影响研究

本文研究了溶菌酶（Lysozyme）溶液中加入SDS8以后对正辛烷乳化作用的变化规律，结合FTIR的测定结果，从结构万面解释了蛋白质乳化作用变化的原因．     

不同硫源对小球诺卡氏菌R-9生长和脱硫活性的影响

用氯化钡沉淀结合傅里叶变换红外光谱法，证明小球诺卡氏菌（Nocardia globerula）R-9从二苯并噻吩中脱除的含硫产物以硫酸盐的形式存在于水相.比较了R-9分别以二苯并噻吩、硫酸钠和二甲基亚砜作为惟一硫源时的生长和脱硫活性.结果表明，二苯并噻吩、硫酸钠和二甲基亚砜均可以作为R-9的生长硫源，且高浓度（25 mmol•L^-1）硫酸钠和二甲基亚砜对细胞的生长不产生抑制作用.2 mmol•L^-1左右的硫酸钠或二甲基亚砜作为硫源时培养的细胞脱硫活性最高.提高硫源和碳源浓度可以提高R-9在发酵罐中的比生长速率和细胞浓度(OD600).     

微乳相萃取技术的研究进展

以萃取分离为主线,运用界面科学及化工分离原理,综合表面活性剂-水-油三元体系中微观结构的共性特征,提出了微乳相（microemulsion phase）的概念和定义,阐述了微乳相体系的特点、分类以及表征方法,揭示并总结了微乳相萃取的特征、规律及相互作用,评述了胶团、反胶团及三相等典型微乳相萃取技术的应用研究进展,并展望了微乳相萃取技术的发展前景.     

离子液体相行为(Ⅱ)双水相的成相规律

研究了影响离子液体双水相形成的主要因素.实验发现,辅助盐对双水相平衡线影响不明显.阴离子对相线的影响主要遵守“Hofmeister rule”,其水合性越小越利于形成双水相.降低离子液体头部极性以及增加碳链长度都有利于双水相的形成,但效果比阴离子弱.升高温度将抑制短链离子液体双水相的形成,但能促进长链离子液体双水相体系的形成.     

Klebsiella sp.LSSE-H2的咔唑降解

从染料污染的土壤中分离出1株新的咔唑降解菌LSSE-H2,能以咔唑作为唯一的碳源、氮源和能源. 依据16S rRNA基因序列的系统发育分析将该菌鉴定为Klebsiella sp. 该菌在30℃、以咔唑为唯一的碳源、氮源的选择性培养基(CNFM)中,经过56 h可将浓度为12 mmol/L的咔唑几乎完全降解,在浓度为16 mmol/L的咔唑中也同样表现出高的咔唑降解活性. 对比分析不同营养成分培养基中对咔唑的降解情况表明,LSSE-H2可能存在独特的咔唑降解活性表达调控模式. 按照已公布的car基因簇序列设计同源引物,PCR扩增出LSSE-H2的包含5个咔唑降解基因的car基因簇片断,测序结果表明,咔唑降解基因高度保守,与Sphingomonas sp. KA1和Sphingomonas sp. GTIN11相应的咔唑基因的同源性都达到100%,只在基因簇的非编码区上发现少数碱基不同. 对比研究表明,LSSE-H2, KA1和GTIN11中car基因簇的起源可能相同,并能在不同的细菌之间水平转移.     

离子液体修饰超顺磁性纳米颗粒用于青霉素G酰化酶固定化(英文)

Functionalized ionic liquids containing ethyoxyl groups were synthesized and immobilized on magnetic silica nanoparticles(MSNP) prepared by two steps,i.e.,Fe3O4 synthesis and silica shell growth on the surface.This magnetic nanoparticle supported ionic liquid(MNP-IL) were applied in the immobilization of penicillin G acylase(PGA).The MSNPs and MNP-ILs were characterized by the means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM).The results showed that the average size of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles and MSNPs were ~10 and ~90 nm,respectively.The saturation magnetizations of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles and MNP-ILs were 63.7 and 26.9 A?m2?kg?1,respectively.The MNP-IL was successfully applied in the immobilization of PGA.The maximum amount of loaded enzyme was about 209 mg?g?1(based on carrier),and the highest enzyme activity of immobilized PGA(based on ImPGA) was 261 U?g?1.Both the amount of loaded enzyme and the activity of ImPGA are at the same level of or higher than that in previous reports.After 10 consecutive operations,ImPGA still main-tained 62% of its initial activity,indicating the good recovery property of ImPGA activity.The ionic liquid modified magnetic particles integrate the magnetic properties of Fe3O4 and the structure-tunable properties of ionic liquids,and have extensive potential uses in protein immobilization and magnetic bioseparation.This work may open up a novel strategy to immobilize proteins by ionic liquids.     

高梯度磁分离铬盐浸出浆液中的铬渣-Ⅱ.实验研究

应用高梯度磁分离装置对铬盐浸出浆液中的铬渣进行了实验分离,测量了有效分离时间与流体粘度、磁场强度和流体流速之间的关系. 实验结果显示,当对理论模型作适当修正后,实验测量结果与模型计算结果基本一致.     

Investigation of Three-liquid-phase Extraction Systems for Simultaneous Separation of Emodin and Rhein

Several three-liquid-phase extraction systems comprised of organic extractant,polymer and salt aqueous solution were applied to isolate and purify simulated herbal extract containing emodin and rhein.Some influential factors on the partitioning behaviors were studied.The results revealed that extractant type and solution pH value were crucial factors for improving the separation performance.The optimal separation results were obtained at pH 8.00 with methyl isobutyl ketone as the extractant,10%（ω） polyethylene glycol with the molecular weight 4000 Da,and 10%（ω） ammonium sulphate.Under the optimized conditions,95%emodin and 97%rhein were simultaneously extracted into the organic phase and polymer-rich phase from simulated herbal solution with the initial concentration of 100×l0^-6（ω）,respectively,and their separation factor of over 10000 was achieved.By adjusting pH value,back extraction rate of both emodin and rhein could be up to about 99%.With the assistance of molecular simulation program XLOGP3 and molecular orbital package,the possible mechanism of extraction was analyzed,and hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen-bonding interaction might be the major driving forces affecting the partitioning behaviors of emodin and rhein.