铁矿粉烧结电除尘灰中氯化钾的赋存形态及其水浸动力学分析

为分析氯化钾从烧结电除尘灰中水浸出速率及浸出动力学,使用扫描电镜-线扫描分析氯化钾在烧结电除尘灰中的赋存状态及其与其它颗粒之间的赋存关系。实验发现烧结电除尘的平均粒径小于10μm,大多以团聚形式存在;氯化钾和氯化钠颗粒在烧结电除尘中的部分表面与其它粉尘颗粒如铁氧化物、钙镁化合物等有粘附连接。氯化钾在烧结电除尘中的存在形式表明其水浸出过程可视为可溶水的物质的溶解过程。借助于在线电导率测量手段分析烧结电除尘灰的水浸动力学。结果证明该粉尘的水浸过程符合扩散控制的溶解过程模型。浸出平衡在5min之内即可达到,同时氯化钾的浸出率达到 95%以上。     

碳酸氢铵沉淀法制备CeO2抛光粉

以氟碳铈矿焙砂盐酸二步浸取的氯化铈溶液为原料,用碳酸氢铵作沉淀剂.沉淀经过滤、洗涤、烘干、焙烧及研磨制得用于抛光的CeO2.讨论了加料方式、氯化铈浓度、分散剂用量及焙烧温度对CeO2粒径大小及分布的影响.结果表明在含15g/L聚乙二醇1000的饱和碳酸氢铵溶液中滴加0.2mol/L氯化铈,500℃下焙烧,得到平均粒径为1.15μm,粒径分布窄的CeO2粉体.利用X衍射测定CeO2晶体结构,证明所得到的CeO2属于立方晶系,其空间点群为O5H-FM3M.     

基于Android的物流配送最优路径的实现

物流配送是一种现代化的流通方式,是供应商和客户之间的纽带,其最主要的问题是配送路径的优化问题.配送路径的选择是否合理,对加快配送速度、提高服务质量、降低配送成本以及增加经济效益都有较大影响.针对这些情况,此项目基于遗传算法设计了一套软件,模拟物流配送的最优路径,使其按照最短路程、最少时间的策略生成配送路线,并在软件界面上模拟车辆的行进.     

Gypsum crystallization and potassium chloride regeneration by reaction of calcium chloride solution with potassium sulfate solution or solid

Gypsum crystallization along with the simultaneous regeneration of KCl was investigated by the reaction of CaCl2 solution with K2SO4.Well developed sheet structure gypsum crystals were produced when K2SO4 solution was added into the CaCl2 solution by slow titration or in multiple stages over 2-8 h followed by 2 h equilibration.In order to regenerate KCl solution as concentrated as possible,K2SO4 solid was added into the given CaCl2 solution instead of K2SO4 solution,obtaining gypsum crystals with almost the same quality by multistage addition with[SO4 2-]/[Ca 2+]molar ratio no larger than 0.8.However,impurity of K2SO4·CaSO4·H2O was detected by XRD and was further confirmed by SEM-EDS in the produced crystals when the[SO4 2-]/[Ca 2+] ratio increased to 1.1.It is proved that appearance of the double sulfate is attributed to the relatively high concentration of K2SO4.So,it is essential to properly control the[SO4 2-]/[Ca 2+]ratio and make sure[Ca 2+ ]in excess to suppress the solubility of CaSO4 even at the expense of low calcium removal rate.     

Recovery of Copper from Leaching Solution of Copper Smelting Ash

An efficient and reliable approach based on solvent extraction to selectively recover copper from leaching solution of Jinchuan copper smelting ash has been developed in this work. And the extraction isotherm of 50%(j) N902 with initial aqueous acidity of 19.6 g/L was determined at 25℃. The results show that the extractant, N902, has good selectivity to copper, and its saturated capacity of copper under the given conditions is over 23 g/L. The recovery rate of copper in the extraction is over 99%. And copper extraction equilibrium is reached in 90 s using 50% N902 with kerosene as the diluenting agent at an organic and aqueous volume phase ratio (O/A) of 1. Furthermore, over 99.5% of the loaded copper in the organic phase could be stripped by applying 196 g/L H2SO4 as the stripping agent.     

四元水盐体系KCl-NaCl-CaCl2-H2O蒸气压测定

钢铁企业富钾烧结电除尘灰水浸液经脱除重金属杂质后可看作四元水盐体系KCl-NaCl-CaCl2-H2O,从该体系分离出氯化钾,需要首先通过蒸发浓缩及蒸发结晶。为了合理有效的控制蒸发操作过程,今采用静态法实验测定了四元水盐体系KCl-NaCl-CaCl2-H2O在KCl浓度为0～3 mol L 1,NaCl浓度为0～2 mol L 1,CaCl2浓度为0～1 mol L 1,温度为303.15～373.15 K的蒸气压,并通过数学线性回归得出了该体系的蒸气压与温度和体系组成的关系式,该关系式的获得有望为实际蒸发操作过程控制提供理论依据。     

钢铁厂典型粉尘的基本物性与利用途径分析

对钢铁生产流程中产生的几种典型粉尘采用化学分析,激光粒度仪,偏光显微镜,扫描电镜和XRD等手段进行了分析,结果表明,粉尘含铁量高,粒度细且含有多种杂质元素;高炉干灰碳含量为34.00%,锌含量为16.60%且以铁酸锌形式弥散分布;烧结三电场除尘灰钾含量为15.88%且以氯化钾形式存在.对比了烧结、球团、直接还原和炼钢处理粉尘的优缺点,着重分析转底炉直接还原处理粉尘的优势,并在实验室条件下模拟转底炉直接还原工艺,在1250℃下还原15min时,得到金属化率大于75%,脱锌率大于95%,脱钾、钠率大于80%和残碳量低于0.2%的金属化球团.