国产催化剂在50dam3/h制氢装置中的应用

介绍了国产催化剂HP-3,JX-5A,JX-4C,Z417/Z418和KBL-101在中国石油天然气股份有限公司锦西石化分公司50 dam3/h制氢装置的首次组合应用情况,并针对装置的设计和实际的操作条件、产品质量和总能耗等方面进行了对比分析.结果表明:①该氢气设计纯度为99.90％(摩尔分数),而实际纯度为99.56％,比设计值低0.34百分点,实际产品中甲烷与氮气的摩尔分数比设计值略高0.34百分点,一氧化碳与二氧化碳的实际值比设计值低,说明变压吸附过程设计合理;②制氢设计总能耗为55 083.2 MJ/t,实际总能耗47 224.6 MJ/t,两者相差不大,其中燃料气单耗占制氢装置总能耗比例较大,而实际燃料气单耗比设计燃料气单耗低7 858.6 MJ/t.该装置实际生产参数与设计参数一致,装置设计合理,满足生产要求.     

低真空封装的新型变电容面积MEMS惯性传感器阶跃响应特性分析

一种新型变电容面积MEMS惯性传感器与传统的梳齿电容传感器相比,具有对梳齿电容不平行敏感度低,可加测试电压高等优点.通过对该传感器在低真空封装条件下的惯性阶跃响应特性分析,着重研究了不同梳齿电容倾斜角度对该传感器的阶跃惯性信号响应的影响,以及不同倾斜角度梳齿的位移响应和测试电压、空气真空度的关系,并把该结果和梳齿结构的情况进行比较.结果表明,工艺因素对变电容面积MEMS惯性传感器在低真空封装下的阶跃惯性响应影响很小;另外,该结构上可加的测试电压可以是梳齿电容结构上可加测试电压的近10倍,这有利于减小接口电路的噪声.以上分析论证了该新型传感器有利于降低器件的工艺要求和提高传感器的分辨率.     

低真空封装的新型变电容面积MEMS惯性传感器阶跃响应特性分析

一种新型变电容面积MEMS惯性传感器与传统的梳齿电容传感器相比,具有对梳齿电容不平行敏感度低,可加测试电压高等优点。通过对该传感器在低真空封装条件下的惯性阶跃响应特性分析,着重研究了不同梳齿电容倾斜角度对该传感器的阶跃惯性信号响应的影响,以及不同倾斜角度梳齿的位移响应和测试电压、空气真空度的关系,并把该结果和梳齿结构的情况进行比较。结果表明,工艺因素对变电容面积MEMS惯性传感器在低真空封装下的阶跃惯性响应影响很小;另外,该结构上可加的测试电压可以是梳齿电容结构上可加测试电压的近10倍,这有利于减小接口电路的噪声。以上分析论证了该新型传感器有利于降低器件的工艺要求和提高传感器的分辨率。     

一种新型的带栅形条电容和可变间距电容的惯性信号检测结构

The comb capacitances fabricated by deep reactive ion etching （RIE） process have high aspect ratio which is usually smaller than 30 ： 1 for the complicated process factors, and the combs are usually not parallel due to the well-known micro-loading effect and other process factors, which restricts the increase of the seismic mass by increasing the thickness of comb to reduce the thermal mechanical noise and the decrease of the gap of the comb capacitances for increasing the sensitive capacitance to reduce the electrical noise. Aiming at the disadvantage of the deep RIE, a novel capacitive micro-accelerometer with grid strip capacitances and sensing gap alterable capacitances is developed. One part of sensing of inertial signal of the micro-accelerometer is by the grid strip capacitances whose overlapping area is variable and which do not have the non-parallel plate＇s effect caused by the deep RIE process. Another part is by the sensing gap alterable capacitances whose gap between combs can be reduced by the actuators. The designed initial gap of the alterable comb capacitances is relatively large to depress the effect of the maximum aspect ratio （30 ： 1） of deep RIE process. The initial gap of the capacitance of the actuator is smaller than the one of the comb capacitances. The difference between the two gaps is the initial gap of the sensitive capacitor. The designed structure depresses greatly the requirement of deep RIE process. The effects of non-parallel combs on the accelerometer are also analyzed. The characteristics of the micro-accelerometer are discussed by field emission microscopy （FEM） tool ANSYS. The tested devices based on slide-film damping effect are fabricated, and the tested quality factor is 514, which shows that grid strip capacitance design can partly improve the resolution and also prove the feasibility of the designed silicon-glass anodically bonding process.     

制氢装置不同负荷下运行的技术分析

文中分析了锦西石化公司2×104m3/h制氢装置50%负荷与90%负荷时运行情况。对2种负荷时的装置操作参数进行了对比。通过提高转化炉出口温度弥补转化剂活性降低的措施,降低转化出口甲烷含量,提高氢气质量。     

柚子内外果皮中黄酮类物质的提取及抗氧化性研究

本文采用超声辅助提取法对柚子内外果皮中的黄酮类物质进行提取,并对其进行抗氧化性研究。实验表明,柚子内果皮的黄酮得率为0.7879%,柚子外果皮的黄酮得率为0.6225%。柚子内外果皮中的黄酮类物质均具有较强地清除O_2~-·以及DPPH·的能力,而对·OH的清除能力却相对较弱。