Synthesis and characterisation of neem leaf extract, 2, 3‐dehydrosalanol and quercetin dihydrate mediated silver nano particles for therapeutic applications

The utility of green silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in veterinary medicine is steadily increasing as they have many therapeutic applications against pathogens and arthropods of livestock. In this study, green AgNPs using neem (N‐AgNPs), 2,3‐dehydrosalanol (2,3‐DHS‐AgNPs) and quercetin dihydrate (QDH‐AgNPs) were synthesised and characterised. Synthesised compounds were characterised by UV‐Vis spectroscopy and the peak absorbance was recorded at 370 nm for neem extract. For N‐AgNPs, 2,3‐DHS‐AgNPs and QDH‐AgNPs, the maximum absorbance peaks were at 430, 230 and 220 nm, respectively. The FTIR analysis confirmed the synthesis of green AgNPs. The XRD pattern of N‐AgNPs showed the peaks corresponding to whole spectra of 2 θ values ranging from 10–80. The relatively higher intensity of (111, 222) planes in face centred cubic crystalline structure supports the formation of synthesised AgNPs. In DLS analysis, the hydrodynamic diameter of neem leaf extract was found to be 259.8 nm, followed by 5.3, 6.7 and 261.8 nm for 2,3‐DHS‐AgNPs, N‐AgNPs and QDH‐AgNPs, respectively. Based on the transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy image analyses, confirmed the formation of N‐AgNPs, 2,3‐DHS‐AgNPs and QDH‐AgNPs. These eco‐friendly phyto‐AgNPs may be of use as an effective alternative to chemical control methods against the arthropods of livestock.Inspec keywords: nanoparticles, silver, nanomedicine, biomedical materials, nanofabrication, Fourier transform infrared spectra, ultraviolet spectra, visible spectra, X‐ray diffraction, light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, aggregation, veterinary medicineOther keywords: 2,3‐dehydrosalanol mediated silver nanoparticles, quercetin dihydrate mediated silver nanoparticles, therapeutic applications, green silver nanoparticles, veterinary medicine, Azadirachta indica, UV‐visible spectroscopy, Fourier transformed infrared analysis, X‐ray diffraction, (111) planes, (222) planes, face centred cubic crystalline structure, dynamic light scattering, hydrodynamic diameter, aqueous neem leaf extract, transmission electron microscopy, hexagonal shape, pencil head shape, cuboid shape, scanning electron microscopy, aggregation, arthropod infesting livestock, Ag, in‐vivo antiectoparasitic activity, in‐vitro antiectoparasitic activity     

恒压复位双管正激DC-DC变换器

介绍了一种新型的恒压复位双管正激DC-DC变换器。通过外加恒压复位电路，双管正激DC-DC变换器能扩展工作占空比。恒压复位电路由一个开关与二极管并联后与一个复位电容串联组成，并联在直流母线上。在正常工作时，恒压复位电路的开关一直导通， 复位电容直接并联在直流母线上。 当输入掉电时，恒压复位电路的开关关断，复位电容从直流母线断开。这样， 该变换器就有比较恒定的复位电压，可以增大变压器匝数比设计。 与通常的双管正激变换器相比，该变换器的元件应力较低，效率更高。最后，给出了 80V 输入 12V/18A输出的 实验结果。     

The development and initial evaluation of the Survey of Readiness for Alcoholics Anonymous Participation.

This article presents 5 studies related to the development and initial evaluation of the Survey of Readiness for Alcoholics Anonymous Participation (SYRAAP). The SYRAAP is a brief, multidimensional, self-administered instrument that assesses beliefs associated with Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) participation. Study 1 generated 239 candidate items for potential inclusion in the instrument. Study 2 assessed the content validity of these items according to 3 criteria and identified a subset of 60 with the highest values on the criteria for further consideration. Study 3 produced a shorter version of the SYRAAP and evaluated its structure, internal reliability, and validity. Study 4 reevaluated the structure and internal reliability of the SYRAAP and yielded findings that were generally consistent with those from Study 3. Study 5 established stability reliability for the instrument. The collective findings indicated the SYRAAP can reliably and validly assess individual-level beliefs associated with AA participation. The potential use of the SYRAAP for researchers and clinicians, along with limitations of the work presented here, are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Measurement of enthalpies of mixing in gaseous phase for the binary system carbon dioxide – hydrogen sulphide by an isothermal flow calorimeter

Enthalpies of mixing for the binary system carbon dioxide – hydrogen sulphide were measured by means of an isothermal flow calorimeter at temperatures of 293.15. 305.15 and 313.15 K. For the first isotherm, excess enthalpy measurements were made at pressures of 0.507, 1.013 and 1.419 MPa. For the last two isotherms, these measurements were performed at pressures of 0.507, 1.013 and 1.520 MPa. The experimental data were treated by the same techniques described for the systems previously studied (Barry et al., 1982a, 1982b, 1982c). Two types of binary interaction coefficients k_ij have been utilized for the prediction of experimental data from equations of state: coefficients k_ij independent of temperature and pressure, and k_ij's adjusted as function of temperature and pressure. A better prediction of the excess enthalpy experimental data was obtained from the latter series of binary interaction coefficients.     

悬浮泥沙的计算机特征提取和分类

本文提出了一套适应于小型图象处理设备的信息提取,聚类分析等悬浮泥沙处理方法,它 简而易行,降低了处理成本.其基本思想,特别是通过分级聚类将多维问题近似地化简为一维 问题,可同样地用于其它各种应用问题.文章最后简要报告了一些应用结果.     

LED灯具标准体系建设研究(下)

（续上期） 5国际和国内LED灯具相关标准简介 5．1我国已经制定的灯具国家标准和行业标准     

Locking and Unlocking the Molecular Spin Crossover Transition

The Fe(II) spin crossover complex [Fe{H₂B(pz)₂}₂(bipy)] (pz = pyrazol‐1‐yl, bipy = 2,2′‐bipyridine) can be locked in a largely low‐spin‐state configuration over a temperature range that includes temperatures well above the thermal spin crossover temperature of 160 K. This locking of the spin state is achieved for nanometer thin films of this complex in two distinct ways: through substrate interactions with dielectric substrates such as SiO₂ and Al₂O₃, or in powder samples by mixing with the strongly dipolar zwitterionic p ‐benzoquinonemonoimine C₆H₂(—? NH₂)₂(—? O)₂. Remarkably, it is found in both cases that incident X‐ray fluences then restore the [Fe{H₂B(pz)₂}₂(bipy)] moiety to an electronic state characteristic of the high spin state at temperatures of 200 K to above room temperature; that is, well above the spin crossover transition temperature for the pristine powder, and well above the temperatures characteristic of light‐ or X‐ray‐induced excited‐spin‐state trapping. Heating slightly above room temperature allows the initial locked state to be restored. These findings, supported by theory, show how the spin crossover transition can be manipulated reversibly around room temperature by appropriate design of the electrostatic and chemical environment.     

Pro Pelle Cutem: Photographing Furs for the Hudson’s Bay Company’s 250th Anniversary Celebrations in Canada

In 1920, the Hudson’s Bay Company (HBC) celebrated its 250^th anniversary through national and international events, as well as honours and benefits for its employees. The year 1920 was an important moment for the HBC, as it underwent institutional change to support the expansion of its department store operations through public relations and advertising strategies. Central to these strategies was an emphasis on the HBC’s central role in Canadian nation formation, and in particular its fur trade history. This article discusses the use of photography in the HBC’s 250^th anniversary celebrations through an analysis of photographs of fur. I trace photographic representations of fur through three moments: in the process of extraction (as trapped animal or dead pelt); in the process of preparation (as Indigenous bush labour); and in the process of consumption (as fur goods in a department store window). While the fur trade was declining in significance at the time of the 250^th anniversary celebrations, its symbolic status was essential to the Company’s burgeoning retail operations. In this article, I argue that the photograph of fur replaced the fur pelt as the central trade item of the HBC, and, further, that photography fused together nationalist and capitalist expansion in Canada.     

Variation in stability of endogenous reference genes in fallopian tubes and endometrium from healthy and ectopic pregnant women

RT-qPCR is commonly employed in gene expression studies in ectopic pregnancy. Most use RN18S1, β-actin or GAPDH as internal controls without validation of their suitability as reference genes. A systematic study of the suitability of endogenous reference genes for gene expression studies in ectopic pregnancy is lacking. The aims of this study were therefore to evaluate the stability of 12 reference genes and suggest those that are stable for use as internal control genes in fallopian tubes and endometrium from ectopic pregnancy and healthy non-pregnant controls. Analysis of the results showed that the genes consistently ranked in the top six by geNorm and NormFinder algorithms, were UBC, GAPDH, CYC1 and EIF4A2 (fallopian tubes) and UBC and ATP5B (endometrium). mRNA expression of NAPE-PLD as a test gene of interest varied between the groups depending on which of the 12 reference genes was used as internal controls. This study demonstrates that arbitrary selection of reference genes for normalisation in RT-qPCR studies in ectopic pregnancy without validation, risk producing inaccurate data and should therefore be discouraged.     

Structural coherency of graphene on Ir(111)

Low-pressure chemical vapor deposition allows one to grow high structural quality monolayer graphene on Ir(111). Using scanning tunneling microscopy, we show that graphene prepared this way exhibits remarkably large-scale continuity of its carbon rows over terraces and step edges. The graphene layer contains only a very low density of defects. These are zero-dimensional defects, edge dislocation cores consisting of heptagon-pentagon pairs of carbon atom rings, which we relate to small-angle in-plane tilt boundaries in the graphene. We quantitatively examined the bending of graphene across Ir step edges. The corresponding radius of curvature compares to typical radii of thin single-wall carbon nanotubes.