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Typically, supply chain members are dependent on each other to manage various resources and information. The conflicting objectives
and lack of coordination between supply chain members may often cause uncertainties in supply and demand. The basic elements
of coordination theory like interdependency, coherency and mutuality may help in effective flow of information and material
between the dependent supply chain members. Supply chain contract can be an effective coordination mechanism to motivate all
the members to be a part of the entire supply chain. There are different types of supply chain contracts such as buy back
and quantity flexibility contracts. Supply chain performance may be substantially improved by properly designing the contracts
to share risks and rewards. The objective of this paper is to explore the applicability of coordination elements through an
analytical model in three-level (Manufacturer-distributor-retailer) serial supply chains using contracts. The model evaluates
the impact of supply chain contracts on various performance measures. The impact of some contract may be on some specific
performance measure only, which helps managers to choose the type of contract if there is an objective of improving certain
performance measure before hand. In three-level supply chains, the contracts are designed at two distinct interfaces: Manufacturer-distributor
and distributor-retailer. The model demonstrates the complexity in evaluating the decision variables of three level supply
chains. The proposed model is a novel approach to apply coordination theory at various levels of supply chain. The model also
presents how the coordination elements are related to each other in various coordination cases. 相似文献
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A framework for evaluation of coordination by contracts: A case of two-level supply chains 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
A supply chain consists of disparate but inter-dependent members who are dependent on each other to manage various resources (such as inventory, money and information). The conflicting objectives and lack of coordination between these members may often cause uncertainties in supply and demand. Coordination may help in managing inter-dependencies and reducing uncertainties. Typically, a mechanism is required to streamline the whole supply chain and motivate all the members to be a part of the entire supply chain for sharing risks and rewards through supply chain contracts.The objective of this paper is to explore the applicability and benefits of the contracts. A two-phase framework is proposed consisting of a decision support tool and a graph-theoretic model for evaluation of coordination in a two-level supply chain. In Phase I, an analytical model is proposed based on the classical newsboy problem. Various contract mechanisms have been explored through a decision support tool based on the simulation. The effectiveness of these contracts is evaluated through a graph-theoretic model in Phase II. It is expected that by designing the contracts as per the requirements of the supply chain members as well as the whole supply chain, supply chain performance may be improved. 相似文献
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