A 223- $$\mu W$$ μ W single-to-differential RF mixer with 8.6dBm IIP3 using current-bleeding and body-effect for sub-6 GHz 5G applications

Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing - As the 5G era beckons in the world of communication and information technology, there is a surge in demand for battery-operated, mobile wireless...     

Estimation of power density in IMPATT using different materials

ABSTRACT

The RF output power dissipated per unit area is calculated using Runge-Kutta method for the high-moderate-moderate-high (n⁺-n-p-p⁺) doping profile of double drift region (DDR)-based impact avalanche transit time (IMPATT) diode by taking different substrate at Ka band. Those substrates are silicon, gallium arsenide, germanium, wurtzite gallium nitride, indium phosphide and 4H-silicon carbide. A comparative study regarding power dissipation ability by the IMPATT using different material is being presented thereby modelling the DDR IMPATT diode in a one-dimensional structure. The IMPATT based on 4H-SiC element has highest power density in the order of 10¹⁰ Wm^?2 and the Si-based counterpart has lowest power density of order 10⁶ Wm^?2 throughout the Ka band. So, 4H-SiC-based IMPATT should be preferable over others for the power density preference based application. This result will be helpful to estimate the power density of the IMPATT for any doping profile and to select the proper element for the optimum design of the IMPATT as far as power density is concerned in the Ka band. Also, we have focused on variation of power density with different junction temperatures and modelled the heat sink with analysis of thermal resistances.     

The growth of biophysical literature

The enormous growth of biophysical literature has created great difficulties in tracking out the significant literature of the subject. To cope with this unprecedented growth of literature, a new bibliometric technique has been applied to rank periodicals in the field based on 4228 citation data collected from the bibliographic data base published in the source journal namely,Annual Review of Biophysics. This list is expected to reflect the impact of literature on the advancement of knowledge in the field of biophysics. A striking feature of the ranking list is the high positions occupied by multidisciplinary science journals and biochemical journals as compared to journals exclusively and specifically devoted to biophysics or any particular aspects of it. Other remarkable findings are the wide scatter of biophysics literature; dominance of the USA journals and status attained by English as the preferred medium of communications of the working biophysicists. The data are also analysed according to subject categorization of the ranked periodicals. The results of the present study have been discussed in relation to Bradford's Law of Scattering and validity of the extension of the law, suggested earlier, has been well established. It is expected that the present ranking list will enable the working biophysicists to select journals from the viewpoint of their significance to the active areas of present-day biophysical research.     

Effect of race on outcome after kidney and kidney-pancreas transplantation in type 1 diabetic patients

OBJECTIVE: The racial impact on graft outcome is not well defined in diabetic recipients. The purpose of this study is to analyze our experience with kidney-alone (A) and kidney-pancreas (KP) transplantation in type 1 diabetic recipients and evaluate the impact of racial disparity on outcome. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The records of 217 kidney transplants (118 KA, 99 KP) performed on type 1 diabetic patients between 1985 and 1995 at the Medical University of South Carolina and the University of Texas Medical Branch were reviewed. RESULTS: A total of 53 (31%) white patients and 15 (33%) black patients experienced at least one episode of biopsy-proven acute rejection of the renal graft (NS). Patient survival at 1, 2, and 5 years was similar in white (92, 87, 69%) and black (91, 91, 69%) patients (NS). Kidney graft survival at 1, 2, and 5 years in the KA group was 72, 62, and 42% in blacks, compared with 79, 76, and 53% in whites (NS). Kidney graft survival at 1, 2, and 5 years in the KP group was 92, 92, and 74% in blacks, compared with 83, 77, and 58% in whites (NS). Pancreas graft survival at 1, 2, and 5 years was 81, 81, and 81% in blacks, compared with 81, 75, and 62% in whites (NS). Cox regression analysis revealed that donor age > or = 40 years increased the risk of renal graft failure 6.2-fold (P = 0.0001), whereas the addition of a pancreas transplant to a kidney and a living-related transplant decreased the risk of failure of the kidney graft 0.2 (P = 0.005) and 0.1 times (P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that when compared with whites, there may be a trend toward an improved kidney and pancreas graft outcome in blacks undergoing KP transplants. These findings suggest that diabetes may override the risk factors that account for the pronounced disparity in outcome observed between nondiabetic white and black recipients.     

Thermoelastic solutions for orthotropic and anisotropic composite laminates

Solutions, within the framework of linear uncoupled thermoelasticity, are presented for certain problems of flexure of composite laminates. Benchmark numerical results, useful for the validation or otherwise of approximate laminate models, are tabulated. Finally, these results are used to examine the accuracy of the classical lamination theory based on Kirchhoff's hypothesis.     

Tunable circular patch antennas

A method to control the resonant or operating frequencies of circular patch antennas has been investigated experimentally and theoretically. It consists of the placement of passive metallic or tuning posts at approximate locations within the input region of the antenna. Comparison of measured and analytical results seems to establish the validity of a theoretical model proposed to determine the input performance of such circular patch antennas.     

The integrated academic information management system at Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center.

Over the past seven years, Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center has been planning and implementing an integrated academic information management system. Accomplishments to date include establishing an institutional information architecture, installing a campus-wide network of workstations, recruiting the staff needed to develop and implement the system, and developing various applications. This paper presents the rationale and steps involved in these accomplishments, as well as data on use of the system so far.     

Modular synchronization in distributed, multiversion databases:version control and concurrency control

A version control mechanism is proposed that enhances the modularity and extensibility of multiversion concurrency control algorithms. The multiversion algorithms are decoupled into two components: version control and concurrency control. This permits modular development of multiversion protocols and simplifies the task of proving the correctness of these protocols. A set of procedures for version control is described that defines the interface with the version control component. It is shown that the same interface can be used by the database actions of both two-phase locking and time-stamp concurrency control protocols to access multiversion data. An interesting feature of the framework is that the execution of read-only transactions becomes completely independent of the underlying concurrency control implementation. Unlike other multiversion algorithms, read-only transactions in this scheme do not modify any version-related information, and therefore do not interfere with the execution of read-write transactions. The extension of the multiversion algorithms to a distributed environment becomes very simple