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In the last decades, the classification of schemes of haematological malignancies have undergone considerable changes both in terms of modifications of previous concepts and of methodological approaches, in parallel with the acquisition of new information on the physiopathological and functional pattern of haemic cells and of their precursors both at the lymph node and bone marrow level. The cyto-morphological aspects of haemic were better defined and integrated by the application of cyto- and histochemical methods, which were subsequently supplemented by bioenzymatic and cytogenetic techniques, then by immunophenotypical studies and finally by biomolecular investigations. Through the use of monoclonal antibodies and the introduction both in research and routine diagnostic practice of multiparameter analysis techniques, it is now possible to correlate several cellular parameters, to identify clonality of malignant cells as well as their lineage assignment and maturation stage. Flow cytometry has become an important, rapid and objective method for the diagnosis of haematological neoplasias. In the present survey we have illustrated the different expression of surface, cytoplasmic and nuclear antigens in haematological malignancies, their correlation with the clinical course of the disease and their diagnostic and prognostic significance. 相似文献
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Joan Cahill Peter Redmond Sofiane Yous Gerard Lacey William Butler 《Cognition, Technology & Work》2013,15(2):219-238
Ground collisions have serious implications from both a safety and a commercial perspective. This paper reports on human computer interaction (HCI) research related to the advancement of a collision avoidance system, for use by Pilots operating on the airport ramp and in taxiway areas. Primarily, this paper focuses on the key findings of this research and the emerging HCI design solution. 相似文献
5.
Giovanni Caprioli Michael G. Cahill Sauro Vittori Kevin J. James 《Food Analytical Methods》2014,7(7):1367-1372
Potatoes produce biologically active secondary metabolites like glycoalkaloids and their aglycons, which may have both adverse and beneficial effects in the diet. A new analytical method that uses liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LTQ-Orbitrap) has been developed for the analysis of glycoalkaloids and their aglycons in potato samples. Two glycoalkaloids, α-solanine and α-chaconine, and two aglycons, demissidine and solasodine, were quantified in potato samples. Samples were extracted using methanol, purified on an SPE Strata C18 cartridge, and then analyzed in HPLC–mass spectrometry (LTQ-Orbitrap) with the FTMS operating in full scan at a resolving power of 30,000 (FWHM), enabling the detection and accurate mass measurement and with the ITMS mode operating in MRM (multiple reaction monitoring) for glycoalkaloids and their aglycons using the [M + H]+ ions and their optimized collision energies. After validation, the method was applied to screen different type of potatoes, and some cooking experiment were conducted. 相似文献
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Transport of chemical and microbial compounds from known wastewater discharges: potential for use as indicators of human fecal contamination 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Glassmeyer ST Furlong ET Kolpin DW Cahill JD Zaugg SD Werner SL Meyer MT Kryak DD 《Environmental science & technology》2005,39(14):5157-5169
The quality of drinking and recreational water is currently (2005) determined using indicator bacteria. However, the culture tests used to analyze forthese bacteria require a long time to complete and do not discriminate between human and animal fecal material sources. One complementary approach is to use chemicals found in human wastewater, which would have the advantages of (1) potentially shorter analysis times than the bacterial culture tests and (2) being selected for human-source specificity. At 10 locations, water samples were collected upstream and at two successive points downstream from a wastewaster treatment plant (WWTP); a treated effluent sample was also collected at each WWTP. This sampling plan was used to determine the persistence of a chemically diverse suite of emerging contaminants in streams. Samples were also collected at two reference locations assumed to have minimal human impacts. Of the 110 chemical analytes investigated in this project, 78 were detected at least once. The number of compounds in a given sample ranged from 3 at a reference location to 50 in a WWTP effluent sample. The total analyte load at each location varied from 0.018 microg/L at the reference location to 97.7 microg/L in a separate WWTP effluent sample. Although most of the compound concentrations were in the range of 0.01-1.0 microg/L, in some samples, individual concentrations were in the range of 5-38 microg/L. The concentrations of the majority of the chemicals present in the samples generally followed the expected trend: they were either nonexistent or at trace levels in the upstream samples, had their maximum concentrations in the WWTP effluent samples, and then declined in the two downstream samples. This research suggests that selected chemicals are useful as tracers of human wastewater discharge. 相似文献
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10 of the graphic symbols for vehicle and equipment operation developed by an industrial design firm were tested for ease of interpretation in context and in isolation. Ss were 30 male mechanical engineering students who differed in their extent of familiarity with such equipment. As hypothesized, the symbols were more often correctly identified in context and by Ss with relevant prior experience. Symbols maintained the same relative order of difficulty under both context and no-context conditions, a difficulty which ranged from 100% correct responses to only a few correct responses. It is concluded that empirical validation of effectiveness is a necessary, although often neglected, step in the symbol development process. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
8.
R. W. Cahill 《Polymer Engineering and Science》1983,23(4):197-201
Charpy specimens of a filled-polymeric system from two partially cured and two completely cured lots obtained from one supplier were stored at selected temperature and relative humidity (RH) conditions to determine the relationship between mobile water content and the fracture toughness of the material. The fracture data showed that specimens from three of the structures exhibited similar ductile-to-brittle transition temperatures (DBTT) as a result of exposure to these environments even though samples from one of the three units were subjected to only part of the pure cycle. Samples from the other partially cured structure consistently displayed a more ductile fracture behavior throughout the conditioning range studied. Exposure to 100°F/75 percent RH environments, the highest temperature and RH of this study, appeared to enhance the fracture toughness of the material from all four units, and no evidence of deleterious chemical aging was found. Mobile water contents were measured on Charpy fracture residues, and these results correlate well with DBTTs of the filled polymer, as does RH. Charpy specimens from the partially cured structure with the best fracture performance have essentially the same water concentrations as the others, suggesting that the lower DBTTs associated with this unit may be due to a lesser degree of crosslinking. 相似文献
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Combinatorial methods offer an efficient approach for the development of new materials. Methods for generating combinatorial samples of materials, and methods for characterizing local composition and structure by electron microprobe analysis and electron-backscatter diffraction are relatively well developed. But a key component for combinatorial studies of materials is high-spatial-resolution measurements of the property of interest, for example, the magnetic, optical, electrical, mechanical or thermal properties of each phase, composition or processing condition. Advances in the experimental methods used for mapping these properties will have a significant impact on materials science and engineering. Here we show how time-domain thermoreflectance can be used to image the thermal conductivity of the cross-section of a Nb-Ti-Cr-Si diffusion multiple, and thereby demonstrate rapid and quantitative measurements of thermal transport properties for combinatorial studies of materials. The lateral spatial resolution of the technique is 3.4 microm, and the time required to measure a 100 x 100 pixel image is approximately 1 h. The thermal conductivity of TiCr(2) decreases by a factor of two in crossing from the near-stoichiometric side of the phase to the Ti-rich side; and the conductivity of (Ti,Nb)(3)Si shows a strong dependence on crystalline orientation. 相似文献
10.
A combination of controlled annealing and characterization by scanning probe microscopy (SPM) is used to demonstrate that the refractive-index proffle of a commercially available silica-based optical fiber can be accurately reconfigured for use as an evanescent field sensor. The process relies on the controlled relocation of the silica glass dopants across the fiber cross section through heat treatment and the accurate measurement of the resulting dopant redistribution with SPM and differential etching techniques. The effect of variable annealing along a length of fiber is to produce a mode transformer to couple light from a laser source into the sensing region of the fiber. 相似文献