aiTPR: Attribute Interaction-Tensor Product Representation for Image Caption

Neural Processing Letters - Region visual features enhance the generative capability of the machines based on features. However, they lack proper interaction-based attentional perceptions and end...     

Neuropathology of bovine herpesvirus type 5 (BHV-5) meningo-encephalitis in a rabbit seizure model

CI-994 (acetyldinaline) is an orally active anticancer drug currently in Phase 1 clinical trials. To assess its preclinical toxicity, CI-994 was administered orally as suspensions to Wistar rats (10/sex/dose) and in capsules to beagle dogs (3/sex/dose) once daily for two weeks. Doses were 1.5, 5, and 15 mg/kg for rats (9, 30, and 90 mg/m2, respectively), and 0.5, 2, and 5 mg/kg for dogs (10, 40, and 100 mg/m2, respectively). Systemic exposure was dose-proportional based on toxicokinetic analysis in dogs. Severe clinical signs and mortality occurred at the highest dose in both species beginning on Day 10. Neutropenia, lymphocytopenia, thrombocytopenia, lymphoid depletion, bone marrow hypocellularity, and testicular degeneration were observed in both species, primarily at the mid- and high-doses. Despite continued treatment, neutrophil counts in dogs returned to control levels in Week 2. Other microscopic findings in rats included splenic hematopoietic depletion at all doses and epithelial cell necrosis in various tissues at 15 mg/kg. Additional bone marrow changes in dogs involved myeloid and megakaryocyte hyperplasia at 2 mg/kg and abnormal myeloid and megakaryocyte maturation at 2 and 5 mg/kg. Except for the testicular effects in both species, all changes were reversible within a 4-week (rat) or 9-week (dog) recovery period. The results of these studies show that target organ effects of CI-994 principally involve tissues with rapidly dividing cell populations and that bone marrow suppression is the dose-limiting toxicity. CI-994 also seems to interfere with the release and/or maturation of cells in the bone marrow.     

Pixel rearrangement based statistical restoration scheme reducing embedding noise

In this paper, a block based steganographic algorithm has been proposed where a sequence of secret bits are embedded into a set of pixels by rearranging the pixel locations. This algorithm has been devised as an improvement over existing statistical restoration based algorithms in order to reduce the additive noise which occurs due to embedding. It is shown that the proposed scheme substantially reduces the additive noise compared to existing statistical restoration based schemes.     

The Grid Method for In‐plane Displacement and Strain Measurement: A Review and Analysis

The grid method is a technique suitable for the measurement of in‐plane displacement and strain components on specimens undergoing a small deformation. It relies on a regular marking of the surfaces under investigation. Various techniques are proposed in the literature to retrieve these sought quantities from images of regular markings, but recent advances show that techniques developed initially to process fringe patterns lead to the best results. The grid method features a good compromise between measurement resolution and spatial resolution, thus making it an efficient tool to characterise strain gradients. Another advantage of this technique is the ability to establish closed‐form expressions between its main metrological characteristics, thus enabling to predict them within certain limits. In this context, the objective of this paper is to give the state of the art in the grid method, the information being currently spread out in the literature. We propose first to recall various techniques that were used in the past to process grid images, to focus progressively on the one that is the most used in recent examples: the windowed Fourier transform. From a practical point of view, surfaces under investigation must be marked with grids, so the techniques available to mark specimens with grids are presented. Then we gather the information available in the recent literature to synthesise the connection between three important characteristics of full‐field measurement techniques: the spatial resolution, the measurement resolution and the measurement bias. Some practical information is then offered to help the readers who discover this technique to start using it. In particular, programmes used here to process the grid images are offered to the readers on a dedicated website. We finally present some recent examples available in the literature to highlight the effectiveness of the grid method for in‐plane displacement and strain measurement in real situations.     

In-house contamination of potable water in urban slum of Kolkata, India: a possible transmission route of diarrhea

We have investigated and determined the potentiality of different water sources, both for drinking and domestic purposes, in diarrheal disease transmission in diarrhea endemic foci of urban slums in Kolkata, India in a one and half year prospective study. Out of 517 water samples, collected from different sources, stored water (washing) showed higher prevalence of fecal coliforms (58%) (p < 0.0001) in comparison with stored (drinking) samples (28%) and tap/tubewell water (8%) respectively. Among different sources, stored water (washing) samples had the highest non-permissible range of physico-chemical parameters. Fecal coliform levels in household water containers (washing) were comparatively high and almost 2/3 of these samples failed to reach the satisfactory level of residual chlorine. Interestingly, 7% stored water (washing) samples were found to be harboring Vibrio cholerae Improper usage of stored water and unsafe/poor sanitation practices such as hand washing etc. are highlighted as contributory factors for sustained diarrheal episodes. Vulnerability of stored water for domestic usage, a hitherto unexplored source, at domiciliary level in an urban slum where enteric infections are endemic, is reported for the first time. This attempt highlights the impact of quality of stored water at domiciliary level for fecal-oral contamination vis-à-vis disease transmission.     

High-resolution image de-raining using conditional GAN with sub-pixel upscaling

Multimedia Tools and Applications - High-quality image de-raining is a challenging task that has been given considerable importance in recent times. To begin with, this problem is modeled as an...     

Inhibitory effect of sowthistle (Ixeris dentata) on development and expression of behavioral locomotor sensitization to nicotine in rats

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of sowthistle (Ixeris dentata, IXD) on development and expression of nicotine-induced locomotor sensitization and underlying neuronal activation reflected by c-Fos expression in rats. Rats were pretreated with IXD 30 min before a daily injection of nicotine during an 8-day development phase and then challenged with nicotine after a 6-day withdrawal period. In another set of experiments, same IXD doses were administered once 30 min before nicotine challenge. Daily IXD treatment during development phase was not effective in blocking nicotine-induced locomotor sensitization in rats. However, a single IXD treatment after the development and withdrawal periods of nicotine sensitization significantly alleviated sensitized locomotor behavior on day 15. These behavioral results were coincident with significant inhibition of nicotineinduced c-Fos expression in the nucleus accumbens. These results indicated that IXD pretreatment significantly blocked the expression, but not the development of nicotine-induced locomotor sensitization in rats.     

Freshness and quality attributes of cold stored Atlantic bonito (Sarda sarda) gravad

Quality and safety parameters of Atlantic bonito gravad during 42 days of storage at 7 ± 1 °C were analysed using monitoring sensory quality, microbial contamination, nucleotide degradation products, biogenic amines (BA), trimethylamine (TMA) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). The shelf‐life of vacuum packed Atlantic bonito gravad was found to be 28 days. Total viable count (TVC) did not exceed 6 log CFU g^?1. Malonodialdehyde (MDA) content did not surpass 10 mg kg^?1. Nine biogenic amines were detected. Histamine level at the end of the storage was 355.3 mg kg^?1. TMA increased from 53.9 to 619.1 mg kg^?1. Among indicators based on the products of nucleotide degradation, the H value is best correlated with the sensory assessment. It can be concluded that the storage temperature of bonito gravad must be below 7 °C to prevent the threat to safety and quality posed by biogenic amines, especially histamine.     

Numerical method of reliability evaluation of a stand-by redundant system

This paper presents the probabilistic model of redundant system with common cause failure (ccf), logic failure and human error. The various states of the system are represented by Markov-model. As the number of states grows in size, it is tedious to solve the system state equations by Laplace inverse transform. This paper presents a new approach using standard numerical methods to solve such problems. The numerical results obtained in Ref. [1] B. S. Dhillon and S. N. Rayapati, Common cause failure and human error modelling of redundant systems with partially energized standby units, Reliab. Engng.19, 1–14 (1987) for redundant system with common cause failure and human error compare well with the results obtained with this new approach.