基于多通道Transformer的交通量预测方法

目前,我国高速公路拥堵程度居高不下,而交通流预测作为实现智能交通系统的重要一环,若能对其实现高精度的预测,那么将能够高效地管理交通,从而缓解拥堵。针对该问题,提出了一种考虑时空关联的多通道交通流预测方法（MCST-Transformer）。首先,将Transformer结构用于不同数据的内在规律提取,然后引入空间关联模块对不同数据间的关联特征进行挖掘,最后,借助通道注意力整合优化全局信息。采用广东省高速公路数据,实现了两小时内92个收费站的高精度流量预测。结果表明：MCST-Transformer优于传统机器学习方法以及部分基于注意力机制的时间序列模型,在120 min预测跨度下,相比贝叶斯回归,MAPE降低了5.1%;对比Seq2Seq-Att以及Seq2Seq这些深度学习算法,所提方法的总体MAPE也能降低0.5%,说明通过多通道的方式能够区分不同数据的特性,进而更好地预测。     

延长球磨机大齿轮使用寿命的实践与探讨

作者根据多年的工作实践，对球磨机大齿轮在设计、制造、使用及维护等方面存在的问题进行了分析，提出了解决问题的措施，并就进一步延长球磨机大齿轮使用寿命的途径进行了探索，值得在同行中推广采用。     

A boundary density evolutionary topology optimization of continuum structures with smooth boundaries

Based on the variable density method, this article proposes a boundary density evolutionary topology optimization method. The method uses a material interpolation model without penalization. Combined with the density grading filtering method, an optimal topology with only 0/1 cells can be obtained. Compared with the solid isotropic microstructures with penalization method (SIMP), no penalty factor is required in the material interpolation model; compared with the evolutionary structural optimization method (ESO), intermediate-density elements are allowed in the optimization process, but the concept of gradually removing the low-utilization materials near the boundary in the ESO method is retained. After the optimal result is obtained, the structural boundary element is processed by the level set of nodal strain energy, and the optimization result with smooth boundaries similar to the level set method (LSM) can be obtained. The proposed method has the superiority of the variable density method, and it also combines the advantages of the evolutionary method and the level set method, so which is named as boundary density evolution (BDE) method. The four static and one dynamic optimization examples illustrate the stability and efficiency of the proposed method.     

非线性超声脉冲反转法在铝合金焊缝疲劳寿命预测中的应用

以不同疲劳寿命的铝合金焊缝为例研究了疲劳过程中的超声波非线性效应,同时建立了非线性参数与疲劳寿命的关系曲线(S-N曲线).采用脉冲反转法对非线性超声信号进行处理.结果表明,经过脉冲反转法获得的S-N曲线与经过滤波模块获得的S-N曲线相比谐波幅值提高了一倍,所以脉冲反转法可以提高非线性超声检测法表征疲劳损伤程度能力,而S-N曲线在疲劳过程中呈先缓慢增长后快速增长,最后下降的趋势,此趋势对应了材料疲劳的3个阶段,而金相组织验证了曲线的准确性,所以通过非线性超声脉冲反转法来预测疲劳寿命是可行的.     

An analytical model for particle-geogrid aperture interaction

The shear strength of geogrid-reinforced ballast is often dependent on the aperture size of geogrids and the nominal size of ballast. This paper presents a theoretical analysis based on probabilistic mechanics of how aperture size affects the interaction between particles and geogrid. Unlike past literature, in this study, the properties of the particle size distribution is analysed using a Weibull distribution. The probability of grain interlock is proposed to describe the interactive mechanisms between particles and geogrids based on the relative particle size, which is defined as the ratio of particle size to aperture size. The mathematical model is calibrated by a set of large-scale direct shear tests with almost single-size (highly uniform) ballast aggregates, and then validated by independent set of data taken from both literature and current study. The study concludes that more uniform particle size distribution increases the probability of grain interlock at the optimum aperture size but decreases it at non-optimum aperture sizes.     

甘蔗渣显微结构对聚乳酸/甘蔗渣复合材料结构与性能的影响

采用碱处理、硅烷偶联剂处理以及碱处理配合硅烷偶联剂处理等方式改性甘蔗渣(BF),采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、热重分析(TGA)以及力学性能测试等研究改性后BF结构的变化。结果表明,不同改性方法均明显改变了BF的结构及改性剂的键合方式。碱处理能够去除BF中的半纤维素等小分子聚合物以及部分非晶区的纤维素,导致BF热稳定性降低,结晶度上升。碱液浓度偏高以及碱处理时间过长会导致BF的纤维表面原纤化,虽然能增加与偶联剂反应的面积,但BF的强度大大下降,不利于BF的增强作用。因此,硅烷偶联剂处理的BF/PLA复合材料的相容性及力学性能最佳,其次为碱处理配合硅烷偶联剂处理的BF/PLA复合材料,最后为碱处理的BF/PLA复合材料。     

OMMT共混改性HDPE/MH无卤阻燃体系研究

通过纳米有机蒙脱土（OMMT）改性高密度聚乙烯（HDPE）,纳米氢氧化镁（MH）无卤复合阻燃体系。研究了有机蒙脱土的用量对体系阻燃性能、力学性能及流变性能的影响。实验结果表明：OMMT单独对HDPE阻燃改性效果较差,它和MH复配可产生协同阻燃效果,但MH添加质量分数需在HDPE的60％以上方可有效阻燃。当m（HDPE）：m（MH）：m（OMMT）为100：60：6时,复合材料具有较好的阻燃性能和力学性能。HDPE／MH／OMMT熔体为假塑性流体,OMMT添加质量分数超过HDPE添加质量分数的6％时,会使体系在低剪切速率下的黏度大幅增加,流动性能降低。同时,0MMT的增加会导致熔体假塑性程度增加。     

浅谈大型企业的科技情报工作

阐述科技情报对大型企业的重要性，并就在大型企业如何开发利用科技情报工作做了比较系统的探讨，指出企业科技情报工作的发展方向。