Microstructures and Phase Transition Points of As-Cast Mg-Zn-Y System Alloys

As-east mierostruetures and their distribution of Mg-Zn-Y ternary alloy with high magnesium, low zinc and yttrium were examined using Nikon Epiphot optical microscopy （OM）, RigakuD/max-3C X- ray diffraetion （XRD）, and JEOL JSM-6700F scanning electron microscopy （SEM） equipped with an energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy （EDS）. In the as-east mierostructures, Yttrium and zinc tend to segregate at grain boundaries,     

大位移井钻柱振动规律研究与应用

在大位移井钻井工程中钻柱受着各种振动，当各种振动共振时，钻柱承受着非常大的动载，很容易受损，同时，钻柱的振动影响着井壁的稳定，严重威胁着井下的作业安全。以大位移井近井底的钻柱为研究对象，分析了钻柱振动行为所遵循的规律。采用线性分析法，获得了大位移井钻柱横向振动和扭转振动的频谱方程。同时获得了钻柱各种共振频率的分布。经分析表明：大位移井钻柱的横向振动和扭转振动的共振频率与实际钻井转速非常接近，应合理选择转速以减小钻柱共振的发生。文章的分析研究为大位移井钻柱动态行为的研究提供了理论依据。     

CloudRank-D: benchmarking and ranking cloud computing systems for data processing applications

With the explosive growth of information, more and more organizations are deploying private cloud systems or renting public cloud systems to process big data. However, there is no existing benchmark suite for evaluating cloud performance on the whole system level. To the best of our knowledge, this paper proposes the first benchmark suite CloudRank-D to benchmark and rank cloud computing systems that are shared for running big data applications. We analyze the limitations of previous metrics, e.g., floating point operations, for evaluating a cloud computing system, and propose two simple metrics: data processed per second and data processed per Joule as two complementary metrics for evaluating cloud computing systems. We detail the design of CloudRank-D that considers representative applications, diversity of data characteristics, and dynamic behaviors of both applications and system software platforms. Through experiments, we demonstrate the advantages of our proposed metrics. In several case studies, we evaluate two small-scale deployments of cloud computing systems using CloudRank-D.     

退火温度对铜纳米颗粒复合材料的三阶非线性光学性质的影响

采用离子注入法制备铜纳米颗粒复合材料,在波长为790 nm的入射激光作用下,运用Z-扫描技术测量了铜纳米颗粒复合材料的非线性光学折射率和非线性光学吸收系数,分析了退火温度对铜纳米颗粒复合材料光学性质的影响。结果表明,随着退火温度的升高,铜纳米颗粒复合材料的颗粒尺寸明显增大,且光学非线性折射率上升。通过改变非晶二氧化硅中铜纳米颗粒复合材料的形状,得到不同的三阶非线性光学系数的特定值。     

基于深度学习的软件安全漏洞挖掘

软件的高复杂性和安全漏洞的形态多样化给软件安全漏洞研究带来了严峻的挑战.传统的漏洞挖掘方法效率低下且存在高误报和高漏报等问题,已经无法满足日益增长的软件安全性需求.目前,大量的研究工作尝试将深度学习应用于漏洞挖掘领域,以实现自动化和智能化漏洞挖掘.对深度学习应用于安全漏洞挖掘领域进行了深入的调研和分析.首先,通过梳理和分析基于深度学习的软件安全漏洞挖掘现有研究工作,概括其一般工作框架和技术方法;其次,以深度特征表示为切入点,分类阐述和归纳不同代码表征形式的安全漏洞挖掘模型;然后,分别探讨基于深度学习的软件安全漏洞挖掘模型在具体领域的应用,并重点关注物联网和智能合约安全漏洞挖掘;最后,依据对现有研究工作的整理和总结,指出该领域面临的不足与挑战,并对未来的研究趋势进行展望.     

稀土离子改性膨润土对联苯的选择性硝化

研究了以不同稀土离子改性的膨润土为催化剂,选择性催化联苯的硝化反应.采用傅里叶红外吸收光谱和X射线衍射对稀土离子改性的膨润土进行表征.硝化研究结果表明改性的膨润土对联苯的硝化在硝酸/二氯甲烷体系中的对位选择性高.在该体系中,当硝酸与联苯的摩尔比为3∶1,适量硝酸铈改性的膨润土作为催化剂,15℃下反应10 h后,所得联苯的一硝化产物的最佳邻对比为0.71,硝化产率可达90.8%.该催化剂经过简单处理,煅烧再生后可重复利用,其催化效果基本不变,该工艺环境亲和性好.     

基于装接容量的负荷预测及其在配电网规划中的应用

根据用户和配电网设备的历史负荷数据,研究了用户装接容量与需用系数之间的关系,基于点、线、面的负荷预测思路,运用需用系数法、业扩工询法等预测方法,更准确地对负荷进行预测,并应用于实际电网规划和设备负荷控制.     

Annealing effects on the structure and hardness of helium-irradiated Cr2AlC thin films

Cr₂AlC MAX phase thin films prepared by radio-frequency magnetron sputtering were irradiated at room temperature by 100 keV helium ions to a fluence of 1 × 10¹⁷ ions cm⁻². The effects of thermal annealing on the structural and mechanical properties of the helium-irradiated Cr₂AlC films as well as the helium release were investigated by grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXRD), Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) in combination with nano-indentation and elastic recoil detection (ERD) analysis. The irradiation-induced structural damage in the Cr₂AlC is significantly recovered by thermal annealing at temperatures around 600℃, attributed to high defect diffusivity. After annealing to 750℃, the hardness of irradiated films recovered almost completely, which is ascribes to both defect recombination and reformation of damaged chemical bonds. Substantial helium release occurring at this annealing temperature is closely related to the damage recovery due to helium irradiation.     

Engineering all-aromatic polyamide surface from hydrophilic to superhydrophobic and the accelerated strategy

Being a new kind of nanomaterials, aromatic polyamide nanofibers (ANF) have been much highlighted in recent studies. We here demonstrate an isopropyl alcohol (IPA) accelerated chemical cleavage on poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide) chopped fibers, which provides an efficient preparation method of ANF. The comprehensive study on the processes accelerated by different alcohols revealed that the preparation time of ANF in the mixed medium of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-alcohol (20:1 in volume) was shorten to 45 min and 75 min for methanol (ethanol) and isopropanol, respectively. However, the nanofibers prepared in DMSO-IPA exhibited the minimum in axial and radial dimensions, providing the finest and most uniform diameter of 16 nm. The corresponding ANF films through vacuum assisted filtration also showed the highest tensile strength of 150 MPa, in comparison with those of the ANF films prepared using other alcohols, which were about 110 MPa. Furthermore, ANF/silicon hybrid films were prepared by the ionic ring-opening reaction followed by the alkoxysilane condensation and nanoparticle fabrication. By changing the organo functional groups in the alkoxysilane, the surface of the films were adjustable in a wide contact angle range from 56° (hydrophilic) to 150° (superhydrophobic), suggesting the amendable interfacial properties potential applicable to composite fabrication with most of the resin matrix.     

黄原胶对消失模铸造涂料性能的影响

为提高消失模铸造水基涂料的质量,探讨了黄原胶作为微量添加剂对涂料性能的影响.试验研究表明,铸造涂料中加入适量的黄原胶可提高悬浮性、显著增大涂料粘度和涂挂性、改善涂料的流变行为.黄原胶还可显著提高涂层的强度,但使涂层透气性略有降低.鉴于黄原胶的优异性能,可望在消失模铸造水基涂料中获得应用.