Cellulose nanoparticles synthesised from potato peel for the development of active packaging film for enhancement of shelf life of raw prawns (Penaeus monodon) during frozen storage

In this study, the cellulose nanoparticles (CNP) isolated from potato peel were used for reinforcement of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based active packaging film. The above film was used to pack the raw prawns (Penaeus monodon) at −20 °C, and the colour change, protein content, TVB-N, TMA and microbial analysis were done at regular interval for prawns stored in CNP-PVA active packaging film. A significant difference was observed in the quality of prawns stored in potato CNP-PVA film compared with prawns packed and stored in polyethylene film. The newly designed active packaging with CNP and fennel seed oil enhanced the shelf life of prawns up to two months for both HOSO (head on shell on) prawn and PD (peeled and deveined) prawn. Hence, the study recommends the potato peel CNP-PVA film with fennel seed oil as better choice to extend the shelf life of the prawns during storage compared with polyethylene packaging.     

A Hybrid Clustering Approach Based Q-Leach in TDMA to Optimize QOS-Parameters

An Orthogonal frequency part multiplexing suffers from a considerable challenge due to a high peak to average power ratio (PAPR). Hence, an effective method such as partial transmits sequence (PTS) can avert this defiance by limit the design of PAPR. Therefore, an improving PAPR reduction performance via a novel approach is proposed by detaching each subblock into two parts furthermore exchanges the first sample with the final selection in each portion of the subblock to generate a new partitioning scheme. Several typical traditional segmentation schemes are used to analyze and apply the presented algorithm, such as adjacent, interleaving, and pseudo-random schemes. Besides, two scenarios are adopted based on simulation software in which the number of subcarriers is set to 128 and 256. Based on the results, a superior PAPR reduction performance is achieved based on the improved segmentation schemes regarding traditional strategies in both systems. Moreover, the enhanced adjusted PTS scheme poses a low computational complexity compared with that of the conventional schemes.

     

Interference aware resource allocation for hybrid hierarchical wireless networks

This paper addresses the problem of interference aware resource allocation for OFDMA based hybrid hierarchical wireless networks. We develop two resource allocation algorithms considering the impact of wireless interference constraints using a weighted SINR conflict graph to quantify the interference among the various nodes: (1) interference aware routing using maximum concurrent flow optimization; and (2) rate adaptive joint subcarrier and power allocation algorithm under interference and QoS constraints. We exploit spatial reuse to allocate subcarriers in the network and show that an intelligent reuse of resources can improve throughput while mitigating interference. We provide a sub-optimal heuristic to solve the rate adaptive resource allocation problem. We demonstrate that aggressive spatial reuse and fine tuned-interference modeling garner advantages in terms of throughput, end-to-end delay and power distribution.     

Optimization of PbS thin films using different metal ion sources for photovoltaic applications

An extensive study on the influence of metal ion sources on the properties of chemical bath deposited lead sulphide thin films is reported in this paper. Four different lead sources namely lead nitrate, lead acetate, lead chloride and lead sulphate in alkaline medium have been used for the synthesis along with thiourea as sulphur source. The influence of lead sources on structural, surface morphological optical and electrical properties is investigated for photovoltaic applications. According to X-ray diffraction studies, all the films are poly crystalline with face centered cubic structure. The average crystallite sizes are found to be in the range 13–24 nm. The SEM photographs showed diverse morphology. The optical band gap is found to be very sensitive to the metal sources used. The direct band gap energy values obtained are in the range of 1.862–2.609 eV. The electrical conductivity varies in the range 33.6 ?7.62 × 10^?9 (Ω cm)^?1. Photosensitivity is closely linked to surface morphology. In this work, we established that the cationic precursor sources have significant role in physical properties of as-deposited PbS thin films. Samples prepared using nitrate as metal source are found to be most suitable to be used as solar control coating and the samples with lead acetate can be used as absorber layers for solar cell fabrication.     

Pathological brain detection in MRI scanning via Hu moment invariants and machine learning

Abstract

Background: We proposed a new automatic and rapid computer-aided diagnosis system to detect pathological brain images obtained in the scans of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods: For simplification, we transformed the problem to a binary classification task (pathological or normal). It consisted of two steps: first, Hu moment invariants (HMI) were extracted from a specific MR brain image; then, seven HMI features were fed into two classifiers: twin support vector machine (TSVM) and generalised eigenvalue proximal SVM (GEPSVM). Results: Then, a 5 × 5-fold cross validation on a data set containing 90 MR brain images, demonstrated that the proposed methods “HMI + GEPSVM” and “HMI + TSVM” achieved classification accuracy of 98.89%, higher than eight state-of-the-art methods: “DWT + PCA + BP-NN”, “DWT + PCA + RBF-NN”, “DWT + PCA + PSO-KSVM”, “WE + BP-NN”, “WE + KSVM”, “DWT + PCA + GA-KSVM”, “WE + PSO-KSVM” and “WE + BBO-KSVM”. Conclusion: The proposed methods are superior to other methods on pathological brain detection (p < 0.05).     

Violence detection in videos for an intelligent surveillance system using MoBSIFT and movement filtering algorithm

Pattern Analysis and Applications - Action recognition is an active research area in computer vision as it has enormous applications in today’s world, out of which, recognizing violent action...     

Review on recent advances of zinc substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles: Synthesis characterization and diverse applications

Researchers have taken a prodigious consideration in characterizing and synthesizing zinc substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles because of their substantial applications across diverse technological and industrial fields. Zinc substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles are a class of lenient magnetic nanomaterials, which have potentially high magnetic, optical, electrical, and dielectric properties. These properties include a high value of permeability, low power losses, permittivity, saturation magnetization, coercivity, resistivity, and other beneficial properties that make them promise candidates for applications in various fields. These ferrites are also used in biomedical areas such as MRI and cancer treatments. In electronic fields, zinc substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles are used to make transducers, transformers, biosensors, and sensors. Apart from these advantages, they are found in our everyday electronic and electrical appliances like LED bulb, refrigerator, mobile charger, TV, microwave oven, juicer, washing machine, mixer, iron, printer, laptop, mobile, desktop, etc. Hence, the current review reports some properties of these spinel ferrites and emphasizes the different synthesis techniques that can be used to prepare them. Afterward, the impact of dopant on the materials' properties, the characterization techniques, and the momentous application in the present era have been well discussed.     

Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue using novel flower-like zirconium bismuth molybdate thin film,grown by temperature-assisted CBD method

Thin films of a novel metal molybdate are successfully coated on soda lime glass by one step chemical bath deposition method. The deposition is carried out under different bath temperature ranging from 30 to 70 °C. In order to analyze the crystalline structure, X-ray diffraction study is carried out. Film thickness and morphology are examined through atomic force microscope and scanning electron microscope. Optical studies are done by UV–Vis–NIR absorbance spectra and photoluminescence spectra. All the samples have absorbance in the UV–Vis region and possess direct allowed transition with bandgap values ranging from 2.17 to 2.83 eV. Direct current show good ohmic response and possess resistivity in the range characteristic of wide bandgap materials. The material possesses three major photoluminescence emission peaks in the green and blue wavelength regions. Thin film grown at 50 °C showed increased absorbance width, minimum bandgap energy, larger electron–hole separation efficiency and more porous flower-like morphology which indicates its higher photocatalytic ability. The photocatalytic degradation process for the removal of methylene blue from waste water, under sunlight irradiation using thin film grown at 50 °C as photocatalyst has been discussed in detail.

     

On the existence of weak solutions of nonlinear degenerate parabolic system with variable exponents

The main goal of the present paper is establishing the existence and uniqueness of weak solutions for the nonlinear degenerate reaction–diffusion system with variable exponents. A model also is proposed to characterize the invasion of cancer cells towards healthy cells with acidification environment. Moreover, the main results of this paper are obtained using regularization problem, the Faedo–Galerkin approximation method, some apriori estimates, compactness results and the Gronwall Lemma.