In the face of increasingly prominent cyber security issues, the organization of cyber team analysts has become crucial to thwart cyber threats. Few studies have examined the functioning of the team and the interaction between individuals in a cyber defense context and how the context influences team adaptation. The present study investigates team cognition in a cyber defense context and in particular the nature of task- or team-centered communication among analysts during a cyber defense simulation exercise. Results indicate that markers of situation assessment and shared mental models are both strategically present and linked. Nevertheless, the frequency of these markers varies depending on the quantity and quality of problems encountered; in particular, variations in social support behaviors are observed. Decreasing social support behaviors during high level activities suggests the adaptation of social behaviors depending on the threats and attacks on the system. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed in terms of theories and potential consequences for strategic adaptation and team resilience.
Gallium distribution profiles in Ga+-implanted silicon have been measured by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and differential Hall effect methods. The
previously reported penetrating tails are not observed for as-implanted samples. The redistribution of Ga during annealing
is affected by ion damage and effects due to recrystallization of the amorphous layer. Electrical carrier profiles indicate
that carrier concentration higher than the usual Ga solid solubility can be achieved in Ga-implanted Si recrystallized at
600‡C. However, this large acceptor concentration diminishes after higher temperature annealing. For 900‡C anneals, the carrier
concentration is limited by the Ga solid solubility and some compensation due to unannealed ion damage.
Work Supported by the Joint Service Electronics Program (U.S. Army, U.S. Navy, U.S. Air Force) under Contracts DAAB-07-72-C-0259
and DAAG-16-78-C-0016, and by the National Science Foundation under Grants DMR-77-22228, DMR-76-01058, and CHE-76-03694. 相似文献
High spatial resolution plasma density measurements have been taken as part of an investigation into magnetic nozzle physics at the NASA/MSFC Propulsion Research Center. These measurements utilized a Langmuir triple probe scanned across the measurement chord of either of two stationary rf interferometers. By normalizing the scanned profile to the microwave interferometer line-integrated density measurement for each electrostatic probe measurement, the effect of shot-to-shot variation of the line-integrated density can be removed. In addition, by summing the voltage readings at each radial position in a transverse scan, the line density can be reconstituted, allowing the absolute density to be determined, assuming that the shape of the profile is constant from shot to shot. The spatial and temporal resolutions of this measurement technique depend on the resolutions of the scanned electrostatic probe and the interferometer. The measurement accuracy is 9%-15%, which is on the order of the accuracy of the rf interferometer. The measurement technique was compared directly with both scanning rf interferometer and standard Langmuir probe theory. The hybrid technique compares favorably with the scanning rf interferometer, and appears more accurate than probe theory alone. Additionally, our measurement technique is generally applicable even for nonaxisymmetric plasmas. 相似文献
In experimental acute interstitial pneumonia caused by Ascaris suum, therapy with aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) provided symptomatic control of the condition, reducing or abolishing the characteristic "setback". Treatment with antihistamines or antiserotonin agents caused no observable clinical improvements. 相似文献
Chronium redistribution resulting in residual donor decompensation has been proposed to explain near-surface type-conversion in furnace-annealed, semi-insulating GaAs. We report here correlations of Cr depth profiles and residual donor atom densities determined by SIMS with Hall effect and C-V electrical measurements of carrier densities which substantiate the above hypothesis. Furthermore, a 1:1 Cr-to-donor compensation ratio iis observed for Cr doping levels of ~ 1017 cm?3. 相似文献
Increasing the porosity of oxycarbosilane dielectrics is a key approach to lower the interconnect signal delay and thus enable manufacturing of lower power consumption and higher performance microprocessors. However, this path leads to excessive dielectric process damage as the industry adapts procedures developed for dense and microporous insulators to mesoporous materials. Currently ultralow dielectric constant (k) materials cannot be integrated at the most aggressive pitch. Here, it is reported that the post porosity plasma protection enables the mitigation of process damage across a wide range of porosity regimes. The exponential increase in plasma damage with porosity when going from microporous k = 2.4 to mesoporous k = 1.8 is shown. Using the same range of materials, the strategy allows a reduction in process damage to a constant minimal level on both blanket wafers and patterned structures. The results demonstrate how the strategy can enable the extendibility of current materials and processes to future technology nodes. 相似文献
Sumatriptan, a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT1D)-receptor agonist, has recently been introduced in the pharmacotherapy of acute migrane attacks. The potential vasoactive effect of sumatriptan on human dural vessels in vivo, however, is still a matter of controversy. We investigated the effects of sumatriptan on dural vessels after subcutaneous or intra-arterial injection. During interventional angiography, the middle meningeal artery (MMA) of nine patients was catheterized with a microcatheter using the transfemoral route. Three MMA were entirely normal, two supplied a dural arteriovenous fistula (AVF) and four were transdural feeders to a brain arteriovenous malformation (AVM). Sumatriptan was injected either into the subcutaneous tissue of the right shoulder (6 mg, two patients) or into the catheterized MMA (2 mg, six patients). The substance caused a marked vasoconstriction of the three normal MMA, visible angiographically and confirmed by intravascular Doppler ultrasonography. Vasoconstriction was still present in the last angiogram obtained 15 min post-injection. Slightly hypertrophied feeders to dural AVF and to brain AVM showed some vasoconstriction in one and four patients, respectively. In two patients with markedly hypertrophied dural feeders to a dural AVF and to a brain AVM, respectively, rapid shunting probably prevented obvious vasoactive effects of sumatriptan. The data obtained by angiography and intravascular Doppler ultrasonography provide strong evidence that sumatriptan has a vasoconstrictive effect on normal as well as hypertrophied dural vessels. 相似文献