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排序方式: 共有493条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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2.
F. L. Schmidt and J. E. Hunter (1989) critiqued the within-group interrater reliability statistic (rwg) described by L. R. James et al (1984). S. W. Kozlowski and K. Hattrup (1992) responded to the Schmidt and Hunter critique and argued that rwg is a suitable index of interrater agreement. This article focuses on the interpretation of rwg as a measure of agreement among judges' ratings of a single target. A new derivation of rwg is given that underscores this interpretation. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
3.
Veena Misra Xiaoli Xu Brian E. Hornung Richard T. Kuehn Donald S. Miles John R. Hauser Jimmie J. Wortman 《Journal of Electronic Materials》1996,25(3):527-535
In the present study, we have performed electrical characterization of oxides deposited via rapid thermal chemical vapor deposition using SiH4 and N2O. We have investigated the effect of temperature, pressure, and SiH4 to N2O ratio on the electrical and material properties of as-deposited films. We have found that as-deposited oxides deposited at low temperatures, low pressures, and with a low silane to nitrous oxide ratio of ~0.5% give good material and electrical properties. The as-deposited films are stoichiometric in nature and have high deposition rates. As-deposited films had very low Dit values, high breakdown fields, and excellent subthreshold swing. The leakage currents and metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor current drive, although lower than thermal oxides, were found to be quite acceptable. We have also investigated the thickness dependence of the films and found that as the film thickness is reduced below 50Å, the reliability improves for all oxides including the silicon-rich deposited oxides. 相似文献
4.
Franziska Hornung Julia Rogal Peter Loskill Bettina Lffler Stefanie Deinhardt-Emmer 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(7)
Obesity is a globally increasing health problem, entailing diverse comorbidities such as infectious diseases. An obese weight status has marked effects on lung function that can be attributed to mechanical dysfunctions. Moreover, the alterations of adipocyte-derived signal mediators strongly influence the regulation of inflammation, resulting in chronic low-grade inflammation. Our review summarizes the known effects regarding pulmonary bacterial and viral infections. For this, we discuss model systems that allow mechanistic investigation of the interplay between obesity and lung infections. Overall, obesity gives rise to a higher susceptibility to infectious pathogens, but the pathogenetic process is not clearly defined. Whereas, viral infections often show a more severe course in obese patients, the same patients seem to have a survival benefit during bacterial infections. In particular, we summarize the main mechanical impairments in the pulmonary tract caused by obesity. Moreover, we outline the main secretory changes within the expanded adipose tissue mass, resulting in chronic low-grade inflammation. Finally, we connect these altered host factors to the influence of obesity on the development of lung infection by summarizing observations from clinical and experimental data. 相似文献
5.
Eijsink Vincent G.H.; Dijkstra Bauke W.; Vriend Gerrit; van der Zee J.Rob; Vettman Oene R.; van der Vinne B.; van den Burg B.; Kempe S.; Venema G. 《Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS》1992,5(5):421-426
Cavities in the hydrophobic core of the neutral protease ofBacillus stearothermophilus were analyzed using a threedimensionalmodel that was inferred from the crystal structure of thermolysin,the highly homologous neutral protease of B.thermoproteolyticus(85% sequence identity). Sitedirected mutagenesis wasused to fill some of these cavities, thereby improving hydrophobicpacking in the protein interior. The mutations had small effectson the thermostability, even after drastic changes, such asLeu284Trp and Met168Trp. The effects on T50, the temperatureat which 50% of the enzyme is irreversibly inactivated in 30min, ranged from 0.0 to +0.4°C. These results can be explainedby assuming that the mutations have positive and negative structuraleffects of approximately the same magnitude. Alternatively,it could be envisaged that the local unfolding steps, whichrender the enzyme susceptible towards autolysis and which arerate limiting in the process of thermal inactivation, are onlyslightly affected by alterations in the hydrophobic core. 相似文献
6.
In many studies on lipoxygenase catalysis, nonionic detergents are used to obtain an optically transparent solution of the
fatty acid substrate. In order to resolve some controversies that exist with regard to the interpretation of kinetic data
obtained with solutions containing nonionic detergents, a systematic investigation was undertaken into the effects of Lubrol,
Tween-20 and Triton X-100 (0–0.8 g/L) on the kinetics of linoleate (2.5–110 μM) dioxygenation, catalyzed by lipoxygenase-1
or lipoxygenase-2 from soybean, at pH 9 or 10, at 25°C. Under most conditions, it was found that the detergents slowed down
the reaction. However, at high linoleate concentrations, where substrate inhibition of lipoxygenase is significant, small
amounts of detergent increased the dioxygenation rate. In a quantitative analysis of the results, a kinetic model in which
the incorporation of linoleate in the detergent micelles is formulated as a simple reversible equilibrium, and in which both
lipoxygenase-1 and-2 interact with free linoleate, but not with linoleate incorporated in the micelles, appeared to be sufficient
to predict experimental results over a wide range of experimental conditions. According to this model, the changes in the
dioxygenation kinetics caused by the presence of nonionic detergents are similar (but not equal) to those caused by competitive
inhibitors. The conclusions that monomeric, nonmicellar linoleate is the preferred substrate for lipoxygenase and that the
observed inhibition and stimulation are solely due to changes in the effective linoleate concentration strongly corroborate
the earlier observations by Galpin and Allen [Biochim. Biophys. Acta 488 (1977), 392–401]. 相似文献
7.
Liposomes in chemo- and immunotherapy of cancer 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
In this paper, we report on the in vivo behavior of liposomes as a function of their size and composition. It is emphasized that by varying these parameters we can influence not only the rate of blood elimination but also the intrahepatic destination of the liposomes. Thus, we show that small liposomes with diameters well below 100 nm can reach and be internalized by the parenchymal cells of the liver, i.e. the hepatocytes. The rate and the extent at which this occurs depends on the liposomal composition. With respect to the application of liposomes as a drug carrier system in anticancer therapy, we put emphasis on the liver macrophage, i.e. the Kupffer cell, as a target cell. Large liposomes with diameters well over 100 nm exclusively are taken up by these cells as far as hepatic uptake is concerned. By encapsulation within liposomes, a drug may be delivered specifically to these macrophages; this will prevent its rapid excretion from the body and/or undesired accumulation in other cell types. Two examples of the way in which this condition may be exploited are presented. First, we demonstrate the formation of intracellular depots in the macrophages of the cytostatic drug 5-fluorodeoxyuridine (FUdR), thus preventing the rapid metabolism of the drug by the hepatocytes and allowing its sustained release from the macrophages and subsequent uptake by adjacent metastatic tumor cells. Second, we show that the liposome-encapsulated immunomodulator muramyl dipeptide is capable of activating liver macrophages both in vitro and in vivo to a tumor-specific cytotoxic state, and this can result in substantial reduction of metastatic growth in the livers of mice inoculated in the spleen with colon adenocarcinoma cells. 相似文献
8.
Olga Diamanti Amir Vaxman Daniele Panozzo Olga Sorkine‐Hornung 《Computer Graphics Forum》2014,33(5):1-11
We introduce N‐PolyVector fields, a generalization of N‐RoSy fields for which the vectors are neither necessarily orthogonal nor rotationally symmetric. We formally define a novel representation for N‐PolyVectors as the root sets of complex polynomials and analyze their topological and geometric properties. A smooth N‐PolyVector field can be efficiently generated by solving a sparse linear system without integer variables. We exploit the flexibility of N‐PolyVector fields to design conjugate vector fields, offering an intuitive tool to generate planar quadrilateral meshes. 相似文献
9.
Eijsink Vincent G.H.; Vriend Gerrit; van den Burg Bertus; Venema Gerard; Stulp Ben K. 《Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS》1990,4(1):99-104
The role of the C-terminal Leu300 in maintaining thermal stabilityof the neutral protease of Bacillus subtilis was investigated.From model building studies based on the three dimensional structureof thermolysin, the neutral protease of B.thermoproteolyticus,it was conduded that this residue is located in a hydrophobicpocket composed of residues located in the C-terminal and themiddle domain. To test the hypothesis that Leu300, by contributingto a stabilizing interaction between these domains, is importantfor enzyme stability, several neutral protease mutants wereconstructed and characterized. The thermostability of the enzymewas lowered by deleting Leu300 or by replacing this residueby a smaller (Ala), a polar (Asn) or a sterically unfavourable(He) amino acid. Thermostabiity was increased upon replacingLeu300 by Phe. These results are in agreement with model-buildingstudies. The effects on thermostability observed after mutatingthe corresponding Val318 in the thermostable neutral proteaseof B.stearothermophilus were less pronounced. 相似文献
10.
Daniele Panozzo Olga Diamanti Sylvain Paris Marco Tarini Evgeni Sorkine Olga Sorkine‐Hornung 《Computer Graphics Forum》2015,34(5):65-75
In the digital world, assigning arbitrary colors to an object is a simple operation thanks to texture mapping. However, in the real world, the same basic function of applying colors onto an object is far from trivial. One can specify colors during the fabrication process using a color 3D printer, but this does not apply to already existing objects. Paint and decals can be used during post‐fabrication, but they are challenging to apply on complex shapes. In this paper, we develop a method to enable texture mapping of physical objects, that is, we allow one to map an arbitrary color image onto a three‐dimensional object. Our approach builds upon hydrographics, a technique to transfer pigments printed on a sheet of polymer onto curved surfaces. We first describe a setup that makes the traditional water transfer printing process more accurate and consistent across prints. We then simulate the transfer process using a specialized parameterization to estimate the mapping between the planar color map and the object surface. We demonstrate that our approach enables the application of detailed color maps onto complex shapes such as 3D models of faces and anatomical casts. 相似文献