Facial expression recognition using modified Viola-John’s algorithm and KNN classifier

Multimedia Tools and Applications - In the way of communication, facial expression act as non-verbal communication and play an important role in social interaction by providing some contextual...     

The Einstein relation in nanostructured materials: simplified theory and suggestion for experimental determination

An attempt is made to study the Einstein relation for the diffusivity–mobility ratio (DMR) in quantum wells (QWs) and quantum well wires (QWWs) of tetragonal compounds on the basis of a newly formulated electron energy spectrum taking into account the combined influences of the anisotropies in effective electron mass, the spin–orbit splitting, and the presence of crystal field splitting, respectively. The results for quantum-confined III–V compounds form a special case of our generalized analysis. The DMR has also been studied for QWs and QWWs of II–VI and IV–VI materials. Taking QWs and QWWs of CdGeAs₂, InAs, CdS and PbSe as examples, it was found that the DMR increases with increasing carrier statistics and decreasing film thickness respectively in various oscillatory manners emphasizing the influence of dimensional quantizations and the energy band constants in different cases. An experimental method of determining the DMR in nanostructures with arbitrary dispersion laws has also been suggested and the present simplified analysis is in agreement with the suggested relationship. The well-known results for nanostructures with parabolic energy bands have also been obtained as special cases from this generalized analysis under certain limiting conditions.     

Hydrolysis of Fe(OH)SO4 in the presence of metallic iron

Hydrolysis of Fe(OH)SO₄ was carried out in the presence of metallic iron in order to prevent the formation of iron(III) oxides with strongly bonded sulphate. Under the conditions of the experiment, the products were found to be mixtures of ?-Fe₂O₃ and α-FeOOH. The occluded sulphate, if any, could be easily washed out with water. The hydrolysis reaction passes through an equilibrium state before coming to completion. The entropy with enthalpy of the hydrolysis corresponding to the equilibrium state were found to be 4 e.u. and 0·5 kJ/mol, respectively. The activation energy of the hydrolysis reaction was found to be 21 kJ/mol.     

A geodesic constant method for computing high-frequency mutual coupling between antennas on general quadric cylinders

Contents A Geodesic Constant Method (GCM) is outlined which provides a common approach to ray tracing on quadric cylinders in general, and yields all the surface ray-geometric parameters required in the UTD mutual coupling analysis of conformal antenna arrays in the closed form. The approach permits the incorporation of a shaping parameter which permits the modeling of quadric cylindrical surfaces of desired sharpness/flatness with a common set of equations. The mutual admittance between the slots on a general parabolic cylinder is obtained as an illustration of the applicability of the GCM.

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Eine geodätische Konstanten-Methode zur Berechnung hochfrequenter wechselseitiger Kopplung zwischen Antennen auf allgemeinen Flächen zweiter Ordnung

Übersicht Dargelegt wird eine geodätische Konstanten-Methode (GKM), die einen gemeinsamen Zugang zur Strahlverfolgung auf allgemeinen Zylindern zweiter Ordnung bietet. Sie liefert sämtliche strahlengeometrischen oberflächenbezogenen Parameter, die in der Uniformen Geometrischen Beugungstheorie (UTD) für die wechselseitige Kopplungsanalyse konformer Antennenarrays benötigt werden, in geschlossener Form. Der Zugang gestattet die Einbeziehung eines Formparameters, der die Modellierung von Zylinderflächen zweiter Ordnung mit gewünschter Spitzigkeit/Flachheit durch ein und dasselbe Gleichungssystem zuläßt. Die erhaltene wechselseitige Admittanz zwischen Schlitzen auf einem allgemeinen parabolischen Zylinder dient zur Veranschaulichung der Anwendbarkeit der GKM.

     

Oxidation Behavior of Rh–30Ni–18Nb Refractory Superalloy

The isothermal-oxidation behavior of Rh–30Ni–18Nb refractory alloy was investigated up to a period of 312 hours in air from 1000 to 1350°C. A comparison of the oxidation behavior of this alloy with a conventional Ni-base superalloy (Inconel 713 C) shows an order-of-magnitude higher oxidation resistance. This experimental alloy oxidizes by forming alternate layers of Nb₂O₅ and RhO while NiO is on the surface in contact with air. Optical and scanning-electron microscopy (SEM) was used to study the microstructure and morphology for the characterization of the oxides. Thermal stability of the alloy for extended periods of exposure to air at 1400°C was studied using transmission-electron microscopy (TEM).     

Reputation based probabilistic resource allocation for avoiding free riding and formation of common interest groups in unstructured P2P networks

Free riding is a major problem in peer-to-peer networks. Reputation management systems are generally employed to overcome this problem. In this paper, a new reputation based scheme called probabilistic resource allocation is proposed. This strategy probabilistically decide whether to provide the resource to requesting peer or not. Aforesaid method gives selection preference to higher reputation peers and at the same time provides some finite probability of interaction between those peers who don’t have good reputation about each other. This avoids disconnection between the aforesaid peers. The proposed scheme also introduces a new mechanism for resource distribution which not only allocates resources based on peers’ reputation but simultaneously maximizes network utility also. Algorithm for formation of interest groups based upon both similarity of interests and reputation between peers is also presented.