Antimicrobial residues survey by LC-MS in food-producing animals in Lebanon

ABSTRACT

The treatment of animals with antimicrobial products may lead to the contamination of edible tissues by their residues, which may represent a risk to human health. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the level of antimicrobial residues in food-producing animals (chicken, beef, and milk) in Lebanon. A total of 310 samples were collected and analysed using an LC-MS/MS for the determination of 48 compounds belonging to different families in order to map their compliance according to the European Commission decision 2002/657/EC. Results show that 60% of the analysed samples were not contaminated by any residue, while 12% presented a concentration higher than the MRLs for tetracyclines, sulphonamides, quinolones, and macrolides. Results revealed that chicken were the most contaminated by antimicrobial residues, when compared to beef and milk. The obtained results demonstrate the uncontrolled use of antimicrobials in some Lebanese farms and claim for better management of livestock.     

改进蚁群算法求解两地间时间最优路径

为提高蚁群算法的运算效率,提出一种改进的蚁群算法来求解问题。研究中中引入阀值排序算法对搜索路径进行优化,解决了蚁群算法前期搜索路径的盲目性问题。改进的蚁群算法加快了收敛速度,并提高了稳定性。经仿真试验证明,改进蚁群算法性在减少算法的迭代次数和提高解的稳定性方面有了较大的提高,并且能很好的用于求解路径时间最优问题。     

An efficient hybrid multicast transport protocol for collaborative virtual environment with networked haptic

In recent years, we have witnessed a growing interest in the synchronous collaboration based class of applications. Several techniques for collaborative virtual environments (CVE), haptic, audio and visual environments (C-HAVE) have been designed. However, several challenging issues remain to be resolved before CVE and C-HAVE become a common place. In this paper, we focus on applications that are based on closely coupled and highly synchronized haptic tasks that require a high-level of coordination among the participants. Four main protocols have been designed to resolve the synchronization issues in such environments: the synchronous collaboration transport protocol, the selective reliable transmission protocol, the reliable multicast transport protocol and the scalable reliable multicast. While these four protocols have shown good performance for CVE and C-HAVE class of applications, none of these protocols has been able to meet all of the basic CVE requirements, i.e., scalability, reliability, synchronization, and minimum delay. In this paper, we present a hybrid protocol that is able to satisfy all of the CVE and C-HAVE requirements and discuss its implementation and results in two tele-surgery applications. This work is partially supported by Grants from Canada Research Chair Program, NSERC, OIT/Ontario Distinguished Researcher Award, Early Research Award and ORNEC Research Grant.     

KSUTraffic: A Microscopic Traffic Simulator for Traffic Planning in Smart Cities

Simulation is a powerful tool for improving, evaluating and analyzing the performance of new and existing systems. Traffic simulators provide tools for studying transportation systems in smart cities as they describe the evolution of traffic to the highest level of detail. There are many types of traffic simulators that allow simulating traffic in modern cities. The most popular traffic simulation approach is the microscopic traffic simulation because of its ability to model traffic in a realistic manner. In many cities of Saudi Arabia, traffic management represents a major challenge as a result of expansion in traffic demands and increasing number of incidents. Unfortunately, employing simulation to provide effective traffic management for local scenarios in Saudi Arabia is limited to a number of commercial products in both public and private sectors. Commercial simulators are usually expensive, closed source and inflexible as they allow limited functionalities. In this project, we developed a local traffic simulator “KSUtraffic” for traffic modeling, planning and analysis with respect to different traffic control strategies and considerations. We modeled information specified by GIS and real traffic data. Furthermore, we designed experiments that manipulate simulation parameters and the underlying area. KSUTraffic visualizes traffic and provides statistical results on the simulated traffic which would help to improve traffic management and efficiency.     

The Investigation of the Fractional-View Dynamics of Helmholtz Equations Within Caputo Operator

It is eminent that partial differential equations are extensively meaningful in physics, mathematics and engineering. Natural phenomena are formulated with partial differential equations and are solved analytically or numerically to interrogate the system’s dynamical behavior. In the present research, mathematical modeling is extended and the modeling solutions Helmholtz equations are discussed in the fractional view of derivatives. First, the Helmholtz equations are presented in Caputo’s fractional derivative. Then Natural transformation, along with the decomposition method, is used to attain the series form solutions of the suggested problems. For justification of the proposed technique, it is applied to several numerical examples. The graphical representation of the solutions shows that the suggested technique is an accurate and effective technique with a high convergence rate than other methods. The less calculation and higher rate of convergence have confirmed the present technique’s reliability and applicability to solve partial differential equations and their systems in a fractional framework.     

关于如何检测印刷网板的进厂质量

问:同一个墙地砖产品编号,在不同时期生产时,往往难以重复原有的色号,其中印刷网板变化是一个很重要的因素,问如何科学地检验网板进厂的质量?答:陶瓷墙地砖生产的可重复性相当低,归根到底的原因就是生产不稳定而造成的。同一产品编号的颜色(色号)不能重复是陶瓷生产比较普遍的现象。     

致密砂岩气藏有效砂体分布及主控因素——以苏里格气田南区为例

苏里格气田南区是苏里格气田主体向南的延伸,距离物源区远,储层埋深大,成岩作用强。落实有效砂体分布及主控因素,是苏南等气田边部地区高效开发的基础。以苏南盒8、山1段储层为目标,结合构造、沉积、储层、成岩分析,研究了有效砂体的空间展布特征,总结了有效砂体的主控因素。苏南有效砂体多分布在心滩和分流河道底部等粗砂岩相,垂向上发育孤立型、垂向叠置型、侧向搭接型3种模式,平面上分布在中、东部2条主砂带内。在有效储层形成过程中,宽缓的构造坡降是沉积、成藏的背景,强水动力条件下的浅水辫状河三角洲平原沉积控制了储层的分布格局,而成藏前的压实、胶结、溶蚀等成岩作用深刻改造了储层,塑造了有效砂体的形态。     

苏里格大型致密砂岩气田开发井型井网技术

苏里格气田是中国致密砂岩气田的典型代表,井型井网技术是其提高单井控制储量和采收率、实现气田规模有效开发的关键技术。针对苏里格气田大面积、低丰度、强非均质性的特征,形成了大型复合砂体分级构型描述与优化布井技术、井型井网优化技术、水平井优化设计技术和不同类型井产能评价技术,为苏里格气田产能建设Ⅰ+Ⅰ类井比例达到75%～80%、预期采收率提高到35%以上以及水平井的规模化应用发挥了重要的技术支撑作用。为进一步提高苏里格气田单井产量和采收率,应继续开展低效井侧钻、多分支水平井、多井底定向井等不同井型,以及水平井井网、多井型组合井网的探索和开发试验。