纳米碳集聚体与纳米金刚石低填充PP的研究

采用爆炸法合成了纳米碳集聚体和纳米金刚石，将其低填充聚丙烯(PP)制备了复合材料，研究了复合材料的结晶行为和力学性能。结果表明：填充纳米粒子提高了PP的α晶态的结晶度，添加0．06％纳米碳集聚体或纳米金刚石的PP的结晶度分别提高了16．74％和25．83％；PP复合材料的拉伸强度随纳米粒子用量的增加而提高，但冲击强度下降。     

扁平工件的最佳淬火

Heimsoth淬火激冷工艺的优化以及接触板由钢制改用铜制后的实验结果表明,低合金钢和合金钢工件淬火厚度可分别达20 mm和100 mm,而且均匀、优质、几乎不发生变形.本文介绍和讨论了钢号为1.7228和1.3343的工件淬火后的平面度试验结果.采用钢制淬火激冷夹具工艺后工件的平面度达到最小平面度偏差.通过比较铜激冷夹具和钢激冷夹具的试验结果检验了理论模型的正确性.随后采用铜激冷夹具也取得了初步的试验结果,并将根据待淬火工件情况在淬火激冷夹具领域内对其进一步优化.这种新工艺将来也可应用于C45和C75等低合金钢和非合金钢的淬火.     

An investigation of the option space in conceptual building design for advanced building simulation

This article describes research conducted to gather empirical evidence on size, character and content of the option space in building design projects. This option space is the key starting point for the work of any climate engineer using building performance simulation who is supporting the design process. The underlying goal is to strengthen the role of advanced computing in building design, especially in the early conceptual stage, through a better integration of building performance simulation tools augmented with uncertainty analysis and sensitivity analysis. Better integration will need to assist design rather than automate design, allowing a spontaneous, creative and flexible process that acknowledges the expertise of the design team members. This research investigates and contrasts emergent option spaces and their inherent uncertainties in an artificial setting (student design studios) and in real-life scenarios (commercial design project case studies). The findings provide empirical evidence of the high variability of the option space that can be subjected to uncertainty analysis and sensitivity analysis.     

Evolution strategies with cumulative step length adaptation on the noisy parabolic ridge

This paper presents an analysis of the performance of the (μ/μ,λ)-ES with isotropically distributed mutations and cumulative step length adaptation on the noisy parabolic ridge. Several forms of dependency of the noise strength on the distance from the ridge axis are considered. Closed form expressions are derived that describe the mutation strength and the progress rate of the strategy in high-dimensional search spaces. It is seen that as for the sphere model, larger levels of noise present lead to cumulative step length adaptation generating increasingly inadequate mutation strengths, and that the problem can be ameliorated to some degree by working with larger populations.     

Optimum tracking with evolution strategies

Evolutionary algorithms are frequently applied to dynamic optimization problems in which the objective varies with time. It is desirable to gain an improved understanding of the influence of different genetic operators and of the parameters of a strategy on its tracking performance. An approach that has proven useful in the past is to mathematically analyze the strategy's behavior in simple, idealized environments. The present paper investigates the performance of a multiparent evolution strategy that employs cumulative step length adaptation for an optimization task in which the target moves linearly with uniform speed. Scaling laws that quite accurately describe the behavior of the strategy and that greatly contribute to its understanding are derived. It is shown that in contrast to previously obtained results for a randomly moving target, cumulative step length adaptation fails to achieve optimal step lengths if the target moves in a linear fashion. Implications for the choice of population size parameters are discussed.     

Sugar replacement in sweetened bakery goods

This review presents the state‐of‐the‐art concerning the application of natural and artificial high‐intensity sweeteners, fructans and bulking agents such as polyols as sugar replacers in sweet‐baked goods and their effects on product characteristics. The recent much publicised attention given to weight gain of the population and its consequences on the occurrence of diet‐related diseases in developed countries has influenced the food manufacturers attempts to provide the consumer with reduced energy products. The replacement of sucrose in sweet bakery products by alternative natural or artificial sweeteners can be a challenging issue. Sucrose as a main ingredient in sweet bakery products contributes, aside from providing sweetness, to numerous processing and product characteristics. Intense sweeteners have a high sweetness compared with sucrose but lack in their contribution to the body of the product, whereas the replacement of sucrose with bulking sweeteners may result in products with a similar body but a lack in taste and flavour.     

Primary hemangiosarcoma of the heart

A 50-year-old woman ASA 2 underwent carbon dioxide hysteroscopy under general anaesthesia. Monitoring showed a sudden and rapid fall in end-tidal carbon dioxide followed by oxygen desaturation. She became pulseless and cyanosed. Resuscitation with oxygen, intravenous adrenaline and head-down tilt restored her to haemodynamic stability. Hyperbaric therapy was also administered as air embolism could not be excluded.     

Qualms regarding the optimality of cumulative path length control in CSA/CMA-evolution strategies

Cumulative step-size adaptation (CSA) based on path length control is regarded as a robust alternative to the standard mutative self-adaptation technique in evolution strategies (ES), guaranteeing an almost optimal control of the mutation operator. This paper shows that the underlying basic assumption in CSA--the perpendicularity of expected consecutive steps--does not necessarily guarantee optimal progress performance for (mu/mu(I), lambda) intermediate recombinative ES.