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1.
A. Kathalingam S. Valanarasu Tansir Ahamad Saad M. Alshehri Hyun-Seok Kim 《Ceramics International》2021,47(6):7608-7616
Herein, we report the photosensing property of CdS thin films. CdS thin films were coated onto glass substrates via a spray pyrolysis method using different spray pressures. Prepared films were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and optical and photoluminescence spectroscopy. XRD analysis demonstrated the growth of crystalline CdS films with crystallite sizes varying from 26 to 29 nm depending on the pressure. The SEM and EDAX analyses revealed nearly-stoichiometric CdS films with smooth surfaces and slight variation in grain morphology due to pressure changes. Optical measurements showed a direct bandgap varying from 2.37 eV to 2.42 eV due to pressure changes. A photodetector was also fabricated using the grown CdS films; the fabricated photodetector exhibited good performance depending on the spray pressure. A spray pressure of 1.5 GPa resulted in high photoresponsivity and external quantum efficiency. 相似文献
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Seungyoung Ahn Junho Lee Junwoo Lee Jonghoon Kim Woonghwan Ryu Byung-Hun Kum Hyun-Seok Choi Yoon C.K. Joungho Kim 《Advanced Packaging, IEEE Transactions on》2003,26(1):90-98
The multiple line grid array (MLGA) interposer was recently introduced as a future high-density high-speed bonding method. In this paper, we introduce an electrical model and high-frequency characteristics of the MLGA interposer. The high-frequency electrical model was extracted from microwave S-parameter measurements up to 20 GHz as well as from fundamental microwave network analysis. For the parameter fitting process during model extraction, an optimization method was used. Several different types of MLGA interposers were designed, assembled and tested. The test vehicles contained coplanar waveguides, probing pads and an MLGA interposer structure. The height of the MLGA, the conductor shape inside the MLGA, and the dielectric insulator of the MLGA were varied. From the model, an MLGA with a height of 0.4 mm and a polymer dielectric insulator was found to have 203 pH of self inductance, 49 pH of mutual inductance with the nearest ground conductor line, and 186 fF of mutual capacitance. By reducing the height of the MLGA and by using an insulator with a lower dielectric constant, parasitic inductance and capacitance is further reduced. TDR/TDT simulation and measurement showed the validity of the extracted model parameters of the MLGA interposer. Circuit simulation based on the extracted model revealed that the MLGA interposer could be successfully used for microwave device packages up to 20 GHz and for high-speed digital device packages with a clock cycle up to 5 GHz. 相似文献
4.
The objectives of this study were to identify the potential function of microwave-discharged cold plasma (MCP) treatment in preparing starch citrate (SC) non-thermally and to investigate the physicochemical properties of MCP-induced starch citrates. SCs were prepared by either dry heating in a convection oven (as a reaction control; COV) or MCP treatment using N2 (N2-MCP) and N2–O2 (N2/O2-MCP). Fourier transform-infrared spectra of the MCP-induced SCs revealed new peaks indicating ester bonds. The molar degree of substation was 0.013–0.015 depending on the reaction conditions. The plasma-formed dents were observed more on the surfaces of granular starch citrates (GSCs) treated with N2/O2-MCP than N2-MCP. Relative to COV, MCP-induced GSCs possessed lower resistant starch content, solubility, and gelatinization temperatures and higher swelling power. The pasting viscosities were higher with N2-MCP GSCs and lower with N2/O2-MCP GSCs. The results suggest that MCP can be used as a novel catalyst for non-thermal starch citration. 相似文献
5.
Won Kim Sang-Hyuk Lee Jung-Hwan Bang Hyun-Seok Uhm Jin-Seok Park 《Thin solid films》2011,520(5):1475-1478
In this study, a simple method of fabricating a thin-film transistor (TFT) with a double-layered channel using indium–zinc-oxide (IZO) films was proposed. Two IZO films used as channel layers were consecutively deposited via sputtering without stopping the vacuum and only by changing the volumetric fraction of the additive O2 gas during the deposition. Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) analysis showed a large difference in the depth profiles of the InO? and InO2? ions between the two IZO layers. Compared to the conventional single-IZO-channel TFT, the double-IZO-channel TFT that was fabricated using the proposed two-step deposition method showed greatly improved electrical characteristics: the on/off-state current ratio was increased from 1.30 × 105 to 1.03 × 106, and the field effect mobility was enhanced from 1.2 to 9.3 cm2/Vs. 相似文献
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A zinc oxide (ZnO) thin film as a channel layer in an oxide thin film transistor (TFT) has been characterized by investigating the effects of additive gases (such as hydrogen and oxygen) during growth and plasma treatment (using argon or hydrogen) after growth on its electrical, optical, and structural properties. By decreasing the additive gas ratio of O2/H2 or by increasing the treatment time of hydrogen plasma, the electrical resistivities of ZnO films were significantly reduced, and their transmittances and optical bandgap energies were blue-shifted in wavelength. These results were considered to be closely related to the passivation of oxygen vacancies as well as the formation of shallow donors that were induced by the injection of hydrogen in ZnO via gas addition and plasma treatment. In addition, the injection of hydrogen-including additive gas resulted in a decrease in grain size and crystallinity of ZnO films, whereas the plasma treatment hardly affected their crystalline structures. 相似文献
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Jae-Yoon Sim Hongil Yoon Ki-Chul Chun Hyun-Seok Lee Sang-Pyo Hong Kyu-Chan Lee Jei-Hwan Yoo Dong-Il Seo Soo-In Cho 《Solid-State Circuits, IEEE Journal of》2003,38(4):631-640
To verify three important circuit schemes suitable for DRAMs in mobile applications, a 1.8-V 128-Mb SDRAM was implemented with a 0.15-/spl mu/m technology. To achieve an ideal 33% efficiency, the double boosting pump uses two capacitor's series connection at pumping phase, while they are precharged in parallel. The hybrid folded current sense amplifier together with a novel replica inverter connection improved power and speed performances. Also, a dual-referenced adjustment scheme for a temperature sensor was proposed to allow a very high accuracy in tuning. Without loss in productivity, the implemented dual-referenced searching technique achieved tuning error of less than /spl plusmn/2.5/spl deg/C. 相似文献
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Min-Sang Song Yong-Mook Kang Jin-Ho Kim Hyun-Seok Kim Dong-Yung Kim Hyuk-Sang Kwon Jai-Young Lee 《Journal of power sources》2007
A very simple and rapid method for synthesizing LiFePO4-C composite has been developed by vibrant type ball-milling for 30 min and microwave heating for 2–4 min. X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy verify that well-crystallized LiFePO4 without Fe3+ impurities is obtained. From laser particle size analysis and transmission electron microscopy, it is confirmed that a LiFePO4-C composite with fine and uniform particle size (mean particle size ≤0.640 μm, D75 in volume distribution ≤0.592 μm) and with extremely uniform carbon distribution is prepared by vibrant type ball-milling and microwave heating. The LiFePO4-C delivers a high initial discharge capacity of 161 mAh g−1 at C/10 and shows very stable cycling behaviour. 相似文献
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Hyun-Seok Son 《Water research》2009,43(5):1457-464
In this study, the degradation mechanism of 1,4-dioxane using zero-valent iron (Fe0) in the presence of UV light was investigated kinetically. The degradation of 1,4-dioxane in Fe0-only, photolysis, and combined Fe0 and UV reactions followed the kinetics of a pseudo-first-order model. The degradation rate constant (19 × 10−4 min−1) in the combined reaction with UV-C (4.2 mW cm−2) and Fe0 (5 mg L−1) was significantly enhanced compared to Fe0-only (4.8 × 10−4 min−1) and photolytic reactions (2.25 × 10−4 min−1), respectively. The removal efficiency of 1,4-dioxane in combined reaction with Fe0 and UV within 4 h was enhanced by increasing UV intensity at UV-C region (34% at 4.2 mW cm−2 and 89% at 16.9 mW cm−2) comparing with the removal in the combined reaction with Fe0 and UV-A (29% at 2.1 mW cm−2, and 33% at 12.6 mW cm−2). It indicates that 1,4-dioxane was degraded mostly by OH radicals in the combined reaction. The degradation patterns in both Fe0-only and combined reactions were well fitted to the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model, implying that adsorption as well as the chemical reaction occurred. The transformation of Fe0 to Fe2+ and Fe3+ was observed in the Fe0-only and combined reactions, and the transformation rate of Fe0 was improved by UV irradiation. Furthermore, the reduction of Fe3+ was identified in the combined reaction, and the reduction rate was enhanced by an increase of UV energy. Our study demonstrated that the enhancement of 1,4-dioxane removal rate occurred via an increased supply of OH radicals from the Fenton-like reaction induced by the photolysis of Fe0 and H2O, and with producing less sludge. 相似文献
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Koak Ji-Hye Kim Hyun-Seok Choi Young Jin Baik Moo-Yeol Kim Byung-Yong 《Food science and biotechnology》2011,20(2):485-490
This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of extracted protein enzymes from over-matured, used-up fruits such as kiwifruit,
grape, apple, and pear; and to apply these extracts as a tenderizer for beef sausage. Kiwifruit showed the highest protease
activity (921.08 unit), and grape showed medium activity (225.86 unit), whereas pear and apple showed lower values (97.75
and 78.29 unit, respectively). After 2 weeks, the protease activity of all over-matured fruits increased by approximately
16.9%, and the maximum protease activity appeared in the temperature range of 50–60°C, depending on the fruit extract. Failure
stress was measured after adding the over-matured fruit extracts to the beef, and various tenderizers were manufactured using
an optimizing technique according to a mixing ratio by each protease activity. The more kiwifruit content was added, the more
the beef texture became soft. The optimum mixing ratio was categorized according to age groups such as elderly, middle, and
young people. 相似文献