Microstructure and damage evolution of SiCf/PyC/SiC and SiCf/BN/SiC mini-composites: A synchrotron X-ray computed microtomography study

SiC_f/PyC/SiC and SiC_f/BN/SiC mini-composites comprising single tow SiC fibre-reinforced SiC with chemical vapor deposited PyC or BN interface layers are fabricated. The microstructure evolutions of the mini-composite samples as the oxidation temperature increases (oxidation at 1000, 1200, 1400, and 1600?°C in air for 2?h) are observed by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometry, and X-ray diffraction characterization methods. The damage evolution for each component of the as-fabricated SiC_f/SiC composites (SiC fibre, PyC/BN interface, SiC matrix, and mesophase) is mapped as a three-dimensional (3D) image and quantified with X-ray computed tomography. The mechanical performance of the composites is investigated via tensile tests.The results reveal that tensile failure occurs after the delamination and fibre pull-out in the SiC_f/PyC/SiC composites due to the volatilization of the PyC interface at high temperatures in the air environment. Meanwhile, the gaps between the fibres and matrix lead to rapid oxidation and crack propagation from the SiC matrix to SiC fibre, resulting in the failure of the SiC_f/PyC/SiC composites as the oxidation temperature increases to 1600?°C. On the other hand, the oxidation products of B₂O₃ molten compounds (reacted from the BN interface) fill up the fracture, cracks, and voids in the SiC matrix, providing excellent strength retention at elevated oxidation temperatures. Moreover, under the protection of B₂O₃, the SiC_f/BN/SiC mini-composites show a nearly intact microstructure of the SiC fibre, a low void growth rate from the matrix to fibre, and inhibition of new void formation and the SiO₂ grain growth from room to high temperatures. This work provides guidance for predicting the service life of SiC_f/PyC/SiC and SiC_f/BN/SiC composite materials, and is fundamental for establishing multiscale damage models on a local scale.     

小型储气罐火灾工况数值模拟分析

以某输气管线气液联动执行机构中的储气罐为例,利用Ansys Fluent软件建立同比例三维模型,模拟火灾工况下,外部热量不断输入,罐内压力和罐体温度随时间的变化情况。利用Aspen Hysys软件模拟计算该小型储气罐在火灾工况下安全泄放所需的最小安全阀口径。结果表明,当钢制储气罐外部发生火灾时,罐体温度和罐内压力急剧升高,在很短的时间内就能达到储气罐坍塌温度和储气罐设计压力;达到钢制储气罐坍塌温度的时间滞后于达到储气罐设计压力的时间;从安全的角度,设置安全阀可安全有效泄放气体,即使储气罐发生坍塌,也有助于降低事故发生的危害程度;确定的安全阀最小口径为0.03 cm²,建议选型的安全阀口径不低于0.05 cm²。     

牙科烤瓷炉在高温下的真空密封措施

介绍了自动可编程真空烤瓷炉在烤瓷工艺过程中，温度对真空度及密封的影响，以及相应所采取的有效的真空密封措施。运行实践表明：该密封措施稳定、可靠，简单易行，便于实现烤瓷过程的自动化。     

聚砜酰胺的分子量对其超滤膜性能的影响——Ⅲ.热性能

对不同分子量的PSA 材料和由其制成的超滤膜的TGA、DSC 及FTIR 研究表明,PSA 会以氢键的形式吸附水份,被吸附的水份主要以单分子形式存在,双聚或多聚的也有,但较少;并且在温度升到40℃左右将全部游离出来,在120℃左右则全部气化离开PSA。PSA 材料在400℃以上才开始分解,其耐热性能随分子量的增大而降低。凝胶浴不同对PSA 膜的晶态影响不大。     

国内LLDPE市场浅析

在综述了美国、加拿大、西欧、日本LLDPE树脂市场消费状况和发展趋势的基础上,重点分析了美国、西欧薄膜料LLDPE树脂的应用市场和消费走向,并提出了适合我国市场情况的LLDPE品种生产的比例及我国LLDPE树脂研究开发的建议。     

基于地震波形聚类储集砂体边界识别与预测

板桥斜坡BS37区块沙一下段储集砂体具有单层厚度薄、横向变化快的特点,传统的单属性地震储层预测精度低,识别难度大。通过典型井的测井响应与地震响应相结合,应用地震波形聚类技术能准确预测砂体分布。研究认为,BS37区块含油气砂体地震反射特征可划分为丘状反射型、平直反射型、下切反射型等类型。针对含油气砂岩反射特征精确标定井震关系,提取样本子波,应用约束条件下神经网络算法对研究区目的层地震波形进行相似性迭代聚类分析,有效地识别出主河道、河道侧翼等不同叠合模式砂体边界,为钻探部署提供了决策依据。     

平贝母醇提物对小鼠免疫功能的影响

应用流式细胞术测定平贝母醇提物对小鼠免疫功能的影响.结果显示,平贝母醇提物对小鼠外周血T淋巴细胞CD69~+/CD~(3+)比值、腹腔巨噬细胞吞噬荧光微球吞噬百分率具有显著性影响(P0.05),对脾脏NK细胞CD69~+/NKG2D~+比值具有极显著性影响(P0.01).这表明平贝母醇提物具有增强小鼠免疫功能的作用.     

考虑供水系统深度响应的微网经济调度策略

高风电渗透率微网(microgrid,MG)存在实时功率平衡和经济运行难的问题。为此,该文提出一种考虑供水系统(water supply system,WSS)深度响应的MG经济调度策略。首先,将WSS主动解列成多个独立运行的子系统,降低系统关联约束,提高调节灵活性。进而,建立水压的波动性约束,提出WSS需求侧响应模型。在此基础上,充分考虑外电网调峰、调频等需求,提出一种新型的MG经济调度策略。最后,引入近似线性化的方法,将非线性模型转化为经典的混合整数线性规划(mixed-integerlinearprogramming,MILP)问题,提高求解速度。基于15节点的WSS和典型MG的仿真结果表明,WSS深度响应能够显著改善MG运行经济性。该文研究成果为MG可再生能源消纳问题的解决提供了一个崭新的视角。     

液压机械传动多领域虚拟样机加速性仿真研究

液压机械无级传动是一种新型的无级传动形式,对这种传动形式的研究是非常有价值的.本文建立了液压机械无级传动系统的多领域虚拟样机仿真模型,对其加速性进行了仿真分析,得到了液压元件排量变化速率对车辆加速性的影响规律.仿真研究结果为液压机械无级传动系统控制策略的制定和工程应用提供了重要的理论参考.     

An Efficient One-Arrow-Two-Hawks Strategy Achieves High Efficiency and Stable Batch Variance for Benzodifuran-based Polymer Solar Cells

With the development of organic solar cells (OSCs), the high-performance and stable batch variance are becoming a new challenge for designing polymer donors. To obtain high photovoltaic performance, adopting polymers with high molecular weight as donors is an ordinary strategy. However, the high molecular weight need to subtly control the reaction time and state, inevitably caused batch-to-batch variations. Herein, a strategy of steric effect is applied to benzodifuran (BDF)-based polymer by introducing different positions of Cl atom, producing two polymers PBDFCl-1 and PBDFCl-2. The more twisted side chains conformation not only achieve the control of moderate molecular weight for PBDFCl-2, but also easily form molecular stacking through adopting BDF unit and maintain sufficient polymeric crystallinity. Due to the optimized stacking mode and good blend miscibility, PBDFCl-2-based device exhibitsa more elegant power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.00% compared to PBDFCl-1-based device. This is the highest efficiency record for BDF-based binary OSCs. Meanwhile, the PCE device variation of the different molecular weights for PBDFCl-2 is little, indicating the reduction of the batch variation. Therefore, smartly using steric effect of Cl atom in strong crystalline BDF unit can form efficient molecular stacking regulations and realize the coordination of high-performance and stable batch variance.