Both water balance (WB) and rating curve (RC) are methods for estimating streamflow. The first is mostly used to estimate reservoir outflows, while the second is usually adopted in hydrometeorological network streamflow gauges. While WB uses hourly collected data, the RC estimates streamflow using current water level and extrapolation techniques. The objective of this study was to analyze variations in the reservoir’s hourly outflow at Queimado Hydroelectric Power Plant (HPP Queimado) and to propose a method to evaluate whether the estimate of the daily outflows, obtained by the WB method, is similar to the flow values obtained at a conventional station. The logistic regression (LR) model was used because it is a method that adopts binary, categorically dependent variables to identify the event of interest. The results showed that the values of streamflow, obtained from an average of two daily readings, were a good representation of the flows in the region. The LR was able to identify atypical data, especially in the rainy season. This means that data consistency analysis can be faster and safer, when adequately employed and considering the proposed conditions, contributing to both management policies and the management of water resources.
Pinhão seed is an unconventional source of starch and the pines grow up in native forests of southern Latin America. In this study, pinhão starch was adjusted at 15, 20 and 25% moisture content and heated to 100, 110 and 120 °C for 1 h. A decrease in λ max (starch/iodine complex) was observed as a result of increase in temperature and moisture content of HMT. The ratio of crystalline to amorphous phase in pinhão starch was determined via Fourier transform infra red by taking 1045/1022 band ratio. A decrease in crystallinity occurred as a result of HMT. Polarised light microscopy indicated a loss of birefringence of starch granules under 120 °C at 25% moisture content. Granule size distribution was further confirmed via scanning electron microscopy which showed the HMT effects. These results increased the understanding on molecular and structural properties of HMT pinhão starch and broadened its food and nonfood industrial applications. 相似文献
High vertical wave-number modes clearly dominate the internal wave field during the stratification period in Boadella reservoir in northeast Spain. In this period, the extraction of hypolimnetic water, due to summer irrigation, brought the surface level down by 6 m in one month and the epilimnetic water progressively occupied the whole water column. The temperature profile, with the exception of a few meters at the surface layer, presented an almost constant temperature gradient of about 0.7°C/m. The period of the main vertical mode is 24 h with an amplitude of around 1 m. Thermistor chain records and meteorological data allow us to deduce that this mode is, at least, a third vertical mode forced by the wind, which normally has a typical periodicity of 24 h. However, when the wind changes direction from south to north, the circulation cells developed due to this forced nonstationary oscillation are destroyed. When this occurs, the Bulk Richardson number is Rib ~ 1. Similar vertical structures as a response to wind forcing should be expected in similar systems, although this has not been reported in the literature. 相似文献
Why are human observers particularly sensitive to human movement? Seven experiments examined the roles of visual experience and motor processes in human movement perception by comparing visual sensitivities to point-light displays of familiar, unusual, and impossible gaits across gait-speed and identity discrimination tasks. In both tasks, visual sensitivity to physically possible gaits was superior to visual sensitivity to physically impossible gaits, supporting perception-action coupling theories of human movement perception. Visual experience influenced walker-identity perception but not gait-speed discrimination. Thus, both motor experience and visual experience define visual sensitivity to human movement. An ecological perspective can be used to define the conditions necessary for experience-dependent sensitivity to human movement. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
As in today’s knowledge society the Internet is playing an important role in the information literacy of university students
the goal of this paper is to analyse, after its first year on the Web, the informational impact of an e-learning resource
developed by Granada’s University lecturers (the e-COMS educational portal), a pioneer in Spain for training in information
literacy. From the objective and subjective data provided by the own portal and by it users, two different and complementary
kinds of analysis (functional and users’) are performed. Assessment of various capabilities, among which visibility and usability
stand out, is provided. The highly positive but improvable results offer a detailed analysis of the functional aspects of
the portal itself and of the users’ relations with this information resource. From these analyses strengths and weaknesses
are extracted and some proposals for improvement are derived. 相似文献
The purpose of the study proposed in this paper is to evaluate the Spanish public university websites dedicated to the European
Higher Education Area (EHEA). To do so, the quality of these resources has been analysed in the light of data provided by
a series of indicators grouped in seven criteria, most of which were used to determine what information is made available
and in what way. The criteria used in our analysis are: visibility, authority, updatedness, accesibility, correctness and
completeness, quality assessment and navigability.
All in all, the results allow us to carry out an overall diagnosis of the situation and also provide us with information about
the situation at each university, thus revealing their main strengths, namely authority and navegability, and also their chief
shortcomings: updatedness, accessibility and quality assessment. In this way it is possible to detect the best practices in
each of the aspects evaluated so that they can serve as an example and guide for universities with greater deficiencies and
thus help them to improve their EHEA websites. 相似文献