Rational Designs for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries with Low Electrolyte/Sulfur Ratio

Lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs) are considered a promising next-generation energy storage device owing to their high theoretical energy density. However, their overall performance is limited by several critical issues such as lithium polysulfide (PS) shuttles, low sulfur utilization, and unstable Li metal anodes. Despite recent huge progress, the electrolyte/sulfur ratio (E/S) used is usually very high (≥20 µL mg⁻¹), which greatly reduces the practical energy density of devices. To push forward LSBs from the lab to the industry, considerable attention is devoted to reducing E/S while ensuring the electrochemical performance. To date, however, few reviews have comprehensively elucidated the possible strategies to achieve that purpose. In this review, recent advances in low E/S cathodes and anodes based on the issues resulting from low E/S and the corresponding solutions are summarized. These will be beneficial for a systematic understanding of the rational design ideas and research trends of low E/S LSBs. In particular, three strategies are proposed for cathodes: preventing PS formation/aggregation to avoid inadequate dissolution, designing multifunctional macroporous networks to address incomplete infiltration, and utilizing an imprison strategy to relieve the adsorption dependence on specific surface area. Finally, the challenges and future prospects for low E/S LSBs are discussed.     

Study on Laboratory Method for Refining of SR Diesel Fuel

The method for refining the straight-run diesel fuel was studied in laboratory scale in order to make the acid number of diesel fraction comply with the standard while removing the naphthenic acids contained in diesel without causing environmental pollution. After comparing the effect of refining using three solvents, the isopropyl alcohol-HOA was specified as the best solvent. Meanwhile, the relationship between the acid number of diesel fraction and the amount of solvent used and the relationship between the concentration of solvent and temperature and the stability of diesel in terms of its acid number were also investigated. Experimental results had shown that when the mass fraction of the HOA-IPA solvent was 20% at a dosage of 17 mL of the solvent and a temperature of 30℃, the acid number of the refined diesel fraction was 0.015 mg KOH/g with a good stability of acidity in the diesel fraction,     

胜利原油350～510℃馏分糠醛精制的研究

对胜利原油 350～ 510℃馏分每 4 0℃切割一种馏分进行糠醛精制 ,考察了实验室条件下不同温度、不同醛油比条件下精制对提余油质量和收率的影响。采用醛油比 3× 1∶1,抽提温度在 70～ 95℃ ,可使精制馏分油粘度指数提高 10～ 2 7个单位 ,精制油收率高于 70 %。     

乳液状食物的超声频谱分析(Ⅱ)──牛奶变质过程的定量实验分析

本文应用软组织超声定征的频谱分析测衰减的方法对乳状液食物牛奶的变质过程进行了跟踪测量，得到了牛奶的超声谱衰减与牛奶存放时间之间的变化关系，这种关系直观地揭示出牛奶的整个变质过程，也就是说，通过测量牛奶的超声谱衰减随着存放时间的变化，就可清楚地揭示出一定条件下牛奶的变质过程，同时，实验还证实，温度是对变质过程影响的最关键的因素，实验测得它对变质的与人们的日常经验完全相符，这些实验研究将为食品的无损检     

基于模糊逻辑的定子电阻辨识及仿真分析

针对感应电机定子电阻在电机运转过程中会发生非线性动态变化,进而影响矢量控制系统的动态性能和稳定性问题,为改善无速度传感器控制系统的调速性能,分析了基于MRAS的转子磁链和速度估算原理,提出了一种以转子磁链和定子电流矢量作为输入,以定子电阻的变化量作为输出,基于模糊逻辑的感应电机定子电阻在线辨识的方法;在仿真环境下对增加定子电阻辨识后的转速波形进行了对比,对定子电阻突变到原来值两倍时的辨识效果进行了仿真,实验结果表明这种方案结构简单,可靠性高,计算复杂度低,对定子电阻的变化具有明显的辨识能力,能显著改善控制系统的调速性能.     

用于自动测试系统继电器矩阵开关的设计

针对目前现有的矩阵开关在性价比、可靠性以及通用性等方面不尽如人意,无法满足中小型自动测试系统的实际要求这一问题;设计了一种用于自动测试系统的继电器矩阵开关,给出了其设计原理、硬件电路图以及主程序流程图;系统搭建完成后,进行8次独立重复试验,测试结果显示:该继电器矩阵开关测试数据的最大误差为±0.3％,同时具有性价比高、通用性好、可靠性较高等优点,特别适合于中小型测试系统的电源通道和信号通道的切换与控制.     

浅谈居住小区网络及信息服务安全系统的质量控制

居住小区网络及信息服务安全系统是各种控制设备、传感器及执行装置联结在一起,通过现场总线、以太网或宽带接入网实现实时的信息交互、管理和控制。本文阐述了居住小区网络及信息服务安全系统的质量控制,以达到保障工程质量,提高服务质量的目的。     

深水大跨桥梁施工技术2020年度研究进展

随着我国经济实力的不断增强、科学技术水平的显著提升,桥梁工程正朝着跨度更大、基础更深、桥塔更高的方向快速发展。在此过程中,桥梁建设者遇到了很多新难题,例如：深水基础浮运下沉过程中精准定位、超大型沉井基础防冲刷、大直径钻孔桩施工、大跨度斜拉桥索塔锚固构造优化、超高桥塔大体积混凝土水化热温度控制、超高桥塔新型液压爬模系统开发等,已成为影响深水大跨桥梁安全顺利施工、长期可靠运营的关键问题。为促进深水大跨桥梁施工技术的发展,提高深水大跨桥梁施工人员解决相关问题的能力,为深水大跨桥梁的推广提供技术支持,围绕深水大跨桥梁施工面临的上述关键问题,对2020年国内外研究者的相关研究进展及成果进行了分析与汇总。     

涂层的感应重熔工艺

本采用磁性测试、差热分析、扫描电镜、Ｘ射线衍射等现代化测试手段，对国产自熔合金粉末Ｆｅ６０和Ｎｉ６０喷涂层的感应重熔工艺性进行了大量试验研究，得出试验采用的自熔合金粉末是顺磁性材料，喷涂层的磁性质是影响感应重熔工艺性的关键因素的结论，提出涂层感应重熔工艺性取决于试件上温度场分布，而试件上温度场分布主要取决于涂层材料磁性质的观点。     

聚酰胺共混物的结构与性能

就近年来国内聚酰胺共混物的形态结构、相容性、流变行为、力学性质四方面的研究进展作一综述。