Noise reduction in synthetic aperture radar images using fuzzy logic and genetic algorithm

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is a self-illuminating imaging technique; it produces high resolution images in all weather conditions, day and night. SAR images are widely accepted and used by many application scientists. However, the SAR images are corrupted with speckle noise. Speckle noises are caused by random interference of electromagnetic signals scattered by the object surface within one resolution element. The amount of noise and distribution of noise corrupting the image is unpredictable. Conventional noise filters are quantitative in nature; they are not well suited for uncertainty problems. Fuzzy logic is capable of handling uncertainty. In this work, noisy pixels in the images are identified by using fuzzy rules and filtered using fuzzy weighted mean, keeping the healthy pixels unchanged. The optimum value of parameters used in defining fuzzy membership function is determined by using genetic algorithm (GA). Reducing noise and simultaneously preserving image details are the two most desirable characteristics of noise filters. Peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) and edge preserving factor (EPF) are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed fuzzy filter. SAR images affected by varying amounts of speckle noise are used to evaluate the performance. It was observed that the proposed filter suppresses noise and preserves image edges.

     

Integration of hybrid communication and remote sensing for ITS application

Telecommunication Systems - Intelligent transportation system is a prominent technology solution for the vehicle manufacturers in this present scenario. The manufacturers are trying to deploy an...     

An image encryption scheme using sequence generated by interval bisection of polynomial function

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Chaos based image encryption techniques are well accepted in research communities to perform permutation at pixel/bit level using pseudo-random sequence and...     

Image encryption using permutation generated by modified Regula-Falsi method

Applied Intelligence - Transmission and sharing of multimedia data have drastically increased in the last few years due to the availability of low-cost image capturing devices, development of...     

Multitrait-multimethod analysis of subjective and objective methods of indoor environmental quality assessment in buildings

Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) refers to the condition of a building’s internal environment that is related to the occupants’ health, comfort, and wellbeing. The assessment and improvement of IEQ in buildings are based on either subjective or objective assessment or the use of both measures, and in recent times, have been attracting attention due to its role in contributing to green building and sustainable environment. This study is aimed at evaluating and analysing the validity of the IEQ parameter traits as assessed using subjective and objective measures. The convergent and discriminant validity of the measured parameter traits were tested by analysing a multitrait–multimethod (MTMM) matrix using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The results indicated that there is no convergent validity in the IEQ parameter traits as assessed using subjective and objective methods. However, discriminant validity of the measured parameter traits was adequately supported. This clearly shows that as much as IEQ parameter traits measured through objective physical measurement and subjective occupant survey define the same concept, they cannot be taken to represent a single and same unit of measurement.     

Physical layer design for image transmission between WiMAX/DSRC system

Microsystem Technologies - In order to enhance and meet the demands of vehicular communication several authors have proposed the possibility of convergence between two different technologies. In...     

A study on the channel bonding in IoT networks: Requirements,applications, and challenges

The most well-known sort of remote Internet connection is wireless local area networks (WLANs) due to its unsophisticated operation and deployment. Subsequently, the quantity of gadgets getting to the Internet through WLANs, for example, PCs, cell phones, or wearables, is expanding radically at the equivalent time that applications' throughput necessities do. To provide wireless networks with supplementary spectral resources, the researchers are considering the aggregation of frequency spectrums in licensed, unlicensed, and shared access (SA) bands. Channel aggregation/channel bonding (CA/CB) techniques accumulate quite a few channels together as one channel for the purpose of achieving better bandwidth utilization. In this study, we focus on reliable CA/CB techniques in different wireless networks. CA/CB procedures are utilized for empowering higher information rates by transmitting in more extensive channels, accordingly expanding range proficiency with the assured secure channel for communication. We also discuss the spectral scarcity issues in today's wireless IoT network. This paper presents an extensive survey on CA/CB procedures and methods, issues and challenges, and open research areas related to IoT devices. We analyze the performance of channel CA/CB strategies in the different wireless networks too.     

LTE‐DSRC hybrid vehicular communication system using DFT‐spread OFDM in uplink

Technologies are advancing at a rapid rate in the current era. People are advancing with the advancement of technologies, be it in education industry, health industry, and providing luxury. With the advent of autonomous luxury‐in‐motion car that provides in‐car‐entertainment (ICE), vehicular communication is the prerequisite towards achieving this goal. Dedicated short range communication (DSRC) is a matured vehicular communication standard, and Long‐Term Evolution (LTE) is the most competing technologies in the cellular communication. In this paper, we focus on the uplink performance of the LTE‐DSRC hybrid infrastructure. The basic transmission scheme for uplink direction is based on single carrier transmission in the form of discrete Fourier transform (DFT)‐spread Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with a minimum mean square error (MMSE) receiver at the LTE Evolved Node B (eNodeB) and a DSRC OFDM transmitter. A comprehensive bit error rate (BER) performance simulative study has been made on a color image transmission in uplink hybrid LTE‐DSRC system, and the results obtained are encouraging that the proposed convergence is possible, as it provides a substantial decrease in the BER with a gradual increase in the signal ‐to‐ noise ratio Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR).     

Dynamic spectrum access based simultaneous non-contiguous OFDM radar sensing and communication

Microsystem Technologies - With the concept of advanced intelligent transportation systems, the integration of data with technology underway with internet of things brings the concept of always...     

Performance analysis of hybrid WiMAX/DSRC scenarios for vehicular communication environment

Microsystem Technologies - Internet becomes a vital and important service being integrated in the current scenarios of competing technologies, therefore there is a need for higher speed broadband...